长江上游及清江流域土地覆被变化分析
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摘要
随着长江上游电站及清江流域电站开工、投产发电,其控制的流域成为重要敏感性区域。利用国家基础地理信息中心于2014年研制的2000,2010年两期30 m分辨率土地覆被数据产品GlobeLand30,对2000～2010年长江上游及清江流域土地覆被的空间分布格局、变化幅度、区域差异及主要土地覆被类型的变化原因进行了综合分析。研究发现,总体上2010年较2000年,长江上游及清江流域耕地、森林变化率较低,分别为-0. 09%,0. 31%;冰川及永久积雪、人造地表、湿地、水体变化率较高,分别为-7. 25%,22. 9%,10. 60%,2. 87%。分析结果客观反映了气候变暖、城市扩张、水电站建设等活动对流域的影响,可为长江上游及清江流域调查、生态评价提供依据。
With the construction and electricity generation of hydropower stations in the upper Yangtze River and the Qingjiang River basins,the basins become important sensitive areas. In this paper,30 m-resolution imagine land cover data of GlobeLand30 in 2000 and 2010 developed by National Geomatics Center of China in 2014 were used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern,change rate,regional differences and change cause of main land types in the upper Yangtze River and the Qingjiang River basins between 2000 and 2010. It is discovered that,in general,the change rates of cropland and forest areas in the upper Yangtze River and the Qingjiang River basins are low with-0. 09%,0. 31% respectively; the change rates of glaciers and permanent snow,artificial land surface,wetlands and water bodies are higher,about-7. 25%,22. 9%,10. 60%,2. 87% respectively. The analysis objectively reflects the impact of climate warming,urban expansion,hydropower station construction,etc. on the upper Yangtze River and the Qingjiang River basins and the study results can provide basis for basin investigation,ecological assessment.
With the construction and electricity generation of hydropower stations in the upper Yangtze River and the Qingjiang River basins,the basins become important sensitive areas. In this paper,30 m-resolution imagine land cover data of GlobeLand30 in 2000 and 2010 developed by National Geomatics Center of China in 2014 were used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern,change rate,regional differences and change cause of main land types in the upper Yangtze River and the Qingjiang River basins between 2000 and 2010. It is discovered that,in general,the change rates of cropland and forest areas in the upper Yangtze River and the Qingjiang River basins are low with-0. 09%,0. 31% respectively; the change rates of glaciers and permanent snow,artificial land surface,wetlands and water bodies are higher,about-7. 25%,22. 9%,10. 60%,2. 87% respectively. The analysis objectively reflects the impact of climate warming,urban expansion,hydropower station construction,etc. on the upper Yangtze River and the Qingjiang River basins and the study results can provide basis for basin investigation,ecological assessment.
引文
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[2]IGBP Secretariat.IGBP Report No.53,IHDP Report No.19:science plan and implementation strategy[R].Stockholm:2005.
[3]庞治国,葛德祥,孙涛,等.基于多源遥感数据的二滩库区土地利用/覆盖变化动态监测[J].水利水电技术,2010,41(3):91-94.
[4]邵怀勇,仙巍,杨武年.长江上游重点流域土地利用变化过程对比研究[J].生态环境,2008,17(2):792-797.
[5]吴丹,邵全琴.近30年来长江源区土地覆被变化特征分析[J].地球信息科学学报,2014,16(1):61-69.
[6]范月娇.基于遥感和GIS一体化技术的三峡库区土地利用变化研究[J].地理科学,2002,22(5):599-603.
[7]刘瑞民,杨志峰,沈珍瑶,等.基于DEM的长江上游土地利用分析[J].地理科学进展,2006,25(1):102-108.
[8]孙金华,张志苗,王维,等.2000-2010年长江上游林草覆被变化与水土流失研究[C]∥2015海峡两岸水土保持学术研讨会.太原,2015.
[9]伍星,沈珍瑶,刘瑞民.长江上游土地利用/覆被变化特征及其驱动力分析[J].北京师范大学学报:自然科学版,2007,43(4):461-465.
[10]陈军,陈利军,李然,等.基于Globe Land30的全球城乡建设用地空间分布与变化统计分析[J].测绘学报,2015,44(11):1181-1188.
[11]刘丹雅.三峡及长江上游水库群水资源综合利用调度研究[J].人民长江,2010,41(15):5-9.
[12]陈军,张俊,张委伟,等.地表覆盖遥感产品更新完善的研究动向[J].遥感学报,2016,20(5):991-1001.
[13]国家基础地理信息中心.全球30米地表覆盖数据(Globe Land30)产品说明[R].北京:国家基础地理信息中心,2014.
[14]董耀华,汪秀丽.长江流域水系划分与河流分级初步研究[J].长江科学院院报,2013,30(10):1-5.
[15]曹波,谭德宝.基于遥感图像与DEM的水库回水水面线测定[J].人民长江,2010,41(12):88-91.
[16]杨旭,刘志武,李波.多源降水数据在长江上游流域比较研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2016,25(1):131-139.
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