五种杀菌剂对梨黑斑病的室内毒力测定
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摘要
梨黑斑病由链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)引起,是目前梨果采后贮藏和运输过程中的主要疾病之一。为筛选出防治梨黑斑病病的高效药剂,作者调查了衡水地区常用的农药并最终确定5种有效杀菌剂,分别是10%中生·寡糖素、60%多菌灵、32.5%苯甲·嘧菌酯、 1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐、 15%络氨铜。用这5种药剂对菌丝进行室内毒力测定。经测定发现,这5种药剂对梨黑斑病病原菌的生长都有一定的抑制作用,其中效果最好的是15%络氨铜,药剂浓度为1 000 mg/L时,平均菌落生长量为0.5 mm,抑制率达到92.25%,EC_(50)为0.652 mg/L;其次为1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐;60%多菌灵抑菌效果最差,药剂浓度达到1 000 mg/L时,平均菌落生长量为3.4 mm,EC_(50)为681.719mg/L。
Pear black spot disease is caused by Alternaria alternata and is one of the main diseases during the postharvest storage and transportation of pear fruit. In order to screen out high efficiency agents for preventing and treating pear black spot disease,the authors investigated the commonly used pesticides in Hengshui area and finally identified five effective fungicides,namely10% Zhongsheng·oligosaccharide,60%carbendazim,and 32.5% benzophene. Azoxystrobin,1.8% octosamine acetate, 15% copper amide. The mycelium was assayed for indoor virulence using these five agents. It was found that these five agents have a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of P. sylvestris pathogens. The best effect is 15% lycopene copper.When the concentration is 1 000 mg/L, the average colony growth is 0.5. Mm, reaching 92.25%, EC_(50) is0.652 mg/L;followed by 1.8%octosamine acetate;60% carbendazim bacteriostatic effect is the worst,when the concentration of the drug reaches 1 000 mg/L,the average colony growth is 3.4 mm,The EC_(50) is 681.719 mg/L.
Pear black spot disease is caused by Alternaria alternata and is one of the main diseases during the postharvest storage and transportation of pear fruit. In order to screen out high efficiency agents for preventing and treating pear black spot disease,the authors investigated the commonly used pesticides in Hengshui area and finally identified five effective fungicides,namely10% Zhongsheng·oligosaccharide,60%carbendazim,and 32.5% benzophene. Azoxystrobin,1.8% octosamine acetate, 15% copper amide. The mycelium was assayed for indoor virulence using these five agents. It was found that these five agents have a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of P. sylvestris pathogens. The best effect is 15% lycopene copper.When the concentration is 1 000 mg/L, the average colony growth is 0.5. Mm, reaching 92.25%, EC_(50) is0.652 mg/L;followed by 1.8%octosamine acetate;60% carbendazim bacteriostatic effect is the worst,when the concentration of the drug reaches 1 000 mg/L,the average colony growth is 3.4 mm,The EC_(50) is 681.719 mg/L.
引文
[1]杨晓平,胡红菊.梨黑斑病病原菌的生物学特性及其致病性观察[J].华中农业大学学报,2009,28(3):680-684.
[2]何汉祚,李桂卿,乔志宏,等.梨黑斑病的发生规律与防治技术[J].山西果树,1995(4):28-29.
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[4]王宏,常有宏,陈志宜.梨黑斑病病原菌生物学特性研究[J].果树学报,2006,23(2):247-251.
[5]刘波,王跃进.几种杀菌剂对梨黑斑病菌抑制作用研究[J].植物检疫,2007(3):137-139.
[6]田瑞,胡红菊.10%世高防治梨黑斑病药效试验[J].广西园艺,2007,18(2):26-27.
[7]夏景玉,石立,沈国珍,等.多福悬浮剂对梨黑斑病的室内药效测定[J].安徽农业科学,1994(103):81-82.
[8]蔺经,杨青松.嘧霉胺对梨黑斑病菌(Alternaria alternata)的毒力及其药效评价[J].植物保护,2009,35(4):162-163.
[9]白亚梅.几种药剂对梨黑星病、梨黑斑病的防治效果[J].北方果树,2012(1):15.
[10]付余波,钱国良,胡白石,等.21种杀菌剂对梨炭疽病菌、轮纹病菌、黑斑病菌的室内毒力测定[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(2):178-180.
[11]禹明甫,杨留成.五种杀菌剂防治梨黑斑病田间药效试验[J].北方园艺,2008(4):240-241.
[12]阳廷密,梁瑞郑.几种农药对梨黑斑病的毒力测定及田间药效试验[J].广西园艺,2008,19(3):42-44.
[13]檀根甲,祝建平.杀菌剂生物测定计算方法及应用[J].安徽农学通报,1998,4(1):27-28.
[14]崔建潮,贾晓辉.14种杀菌剂对梨黑斑病菌的室内毒力测定[J].中国南方果树2016,45(3):49-54.
[2]何汉祚,李桂卿,乔志宏,等.梨黑斑病的发生规律与防治技术[J].山西果树,1995(4):28-29.
[3]马晶.库尔勒香梨黑斑病潜伏侵染机理研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2012.
[4]王宏,常有宏,陈志宜.梨黑斑病病原菌生物学特性研究[J].果树学报,2006,23(2):247-251.
[5]刘波,王跃进.几种杀菌剂对梨黑斑病菌抑制作用研究[J].植物检疫,2007(3):137-139.
[6]田瑞,胡红菊.10%世高防治梨黑斑病药效试验[J].广西园艺,2007,18(2):26-27.
[7]夏景玉,石立,沈国珍,等.多福悬浮剂对梨黑斑病的室内药效测定[J].安徽农业科学,1994(103):81-82.
[8]蔺经,杨青松.嘧霉胺对梨黑斑病菌(Alternaria alternata)的毒力及其药效评价[J].植物保护,2009,35(4):162-163.
[9]白亚梅.几种药剂对梨黑星病、梨黑斑病的防治效果[J].北方果树,2012(1):15.
[10]付余波,钱国良,胡白石,等.21种杀菌剂对梨炭疽病菌、轮纹病菌、黑斑病菌的室内毒力测定[J].江苏农业科学,2011,39(2):178-180.
[11]禹明甫,杨留成.五种杀菌剂防治梨黑斑病田间药效试验[J].北方园艺,2008(4):240-241.
[12]阳廷密,梁瑞郑.几种农药对梨黑斑病的毒力测定及田间药效试验[J].广西园艺,2008,19(3):42-44.
[13]檀根甲,祝建平.杀菌剂生物测定计算方法及应用[J].安徽农学通报,1998,4(1):27-28.
[14]崔建潮,贾晓辉.14种杀菌剂对梨黑斑病菌的室内毒力测定[J].中国南方果树2016,45(3):49-54.
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