中试SBBR内厌氧氨氧化的快速启动及微生物特性
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摘要
采用中试规模的序批式生物膜反应器(SBBR),在温度为25～32℃、pH值=7. 6～8. 3、投加少量厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)菌的条件下,经过120 d的培养,成功启动Anammox工艺。反应器稳定运行期间,对NH_4~+-N和NO_2~--N的去除率分别为81. 45%和99. 00%,平均总氮去除负荷达0. 41 kgN/(m~3·d)。NH_4~+-N、NO_2~--N去除量与NO_3~--N生成量之比为1∶1. 39∶0. 25,与理论值接近。反应器中以Anammox反应为主导作用并伴有微弱的亚硝酸盐反硝化,Anammox速率达0. 103 kgN/(kgVSS·d)。填料上生物膜的Anammox菌联氨氧化酶活性明显高于反应器中的悬浮污泥,表明填料对Anammox菌具有较好的富集效果。经过驯化培养,SBBR内污泥群落结构及丰度发生明显变化,稳定运行阶段Anammox菌属含量达23. 57%,成为反应器中的优势菌种。
A pilot-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was applied to start up anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) at temperature of 25-32 ℃,p H of 7. 6-8. 3,and with a small amount of Anammox bacteria addition. The Anammox reactor was successfully started up after 120 days. The removal loading rate of TN reached to 0. 41 kgN/(m~3·d),with the NH_4~+-N removal rate of 81. 45% and NO_2~--N removal rate of 99. 00%. The ratio of ammonium removal,nitrite removal and nitrate production was 1:1. 39:0. 25. The Anammox dominated in the SBBR with a reaction rate of 0. 103 kgN/ (kgVSS · d),and weak nitrite denitrification also occurred. The activity of hydrazineoxidizing enzyme in biofilm was significantly higher than that of suspended sludge in the reactor,which indicated that the filler had a good enrichment effect of Anammox bacteria. After acclimation,the microbial community structure and abundance of the inoculated sludge were significantly changed,and the content of Anammox bacteria reached 23. 57% in the stable operation stage,which became the dominant species in SBBR.
A pilot-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) was applied to start up anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) at temperature of 25-32 ℃,p H of 7. 6-8. 3,and with a small amount of Anammox bacteria addition. The Anammox reactor was successfully started up after 120 days. The removal loading rate of TN reached to 0. 41 kgN/(m~3·d),with the NH_4~+-N removal rate of 81. 45% and NO_2~--N removal rate of 99. 00%. The ratio of ammonium removal,nitrite removal and nitrate production was 1:1. 39:0. 25. The Anammox dominated in the SBBR with a reaction rate of 0. 103 kgN/ (kgVSS · d),and weak nitrite denitrification also occurred. The activity of hydrazineoxidizing enzyme in biofilm was significantly higher than that of suspended sludge in the reactor,which indicated that the filler had a good enrichment effect of Anammox bacteria. After acclimation,the microbial community structure and abundance of the inoculated sludge were significantly changed,and the content of Anammox bacteria reached 23. 57% in the stable operation stage,which became the dominant species in SBBR.
引文
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[19]李媛.厌氧氨氧化工艺启动和运行特性及其受抑机理研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2014.Li Yuan.Start-up and Performance Characteristics of Aaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process and Its Repressed Mechanisms[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University,2014(in Chinese).
[20]Shu D T,He Y L,Yue H,et al.Metagenomic insights into the effects of volatile fatty acids on microbial community structures and functional genes in organotrophic anammox process[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,196:621-633.
[21]刁晓君,李一葳,王曙光.水华生消过程对巢湖沉积物微生物群落结构的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):107-113.Diao Xiaojun,Li Yiwei,Wang Shuguang.Effects of outbreak and extinction of algal blooms on the microbial community structure in sediments of Chaohu Lake[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(1):107-113(in Chinese).
[22]Zhan X J,Zhang H Z,Ye C M,et al.Effect of COD/Nratio on nitrogen removal and microbial communities of CANON process in membrane bioreactors[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,189:302-308.
[2]Liu S T,Yang F L,Meng F G,et al.Enhanced anammox consortium activity for nitrogen removal:Impacts of static magnetic field[J].Biotechnology,2008,138:96-102.
[3]Li J,Li J,Gao R,et al.A critical review of one-stage Anammox processes for treating industrial wastewater:optimization strategies based on key functional microorganisms[J].Bioresour Technol,2018,265:498-505.
[4]van der Star W R L,Abma W R,Blommers D,et al.Startup of reactors for anoxic ammonium oxidation:Experiences from the first full-scale Anammox reactor in Rotterdam[J].Water Res,2007,41(18):4149-4163.
[5]Wett B.Solved up-scaling problems for implementing deammonification of rejection water[J].Water Sci Technol,2006,53(12):121-128.
[6]唐崇俭,郑平,陈建伟,等.中试厌氧氨氧化反应器的启动与调控[J].生物工程学报,2009,25(3):406-412.Tang Chongjian,Zheng Ping,Chen Jianwei,et al.Start-up and process control of a pilot-scale Anammox bioreactor at ambient temperature[J].Chinese Journal of Biotechnology,2009,25(3):406-412(in Chinese).
[7]Egli K,Bossshard F,Werlen C,et al.Microbial composition and structure of a rotating biological contactor biofilm treating ammonium-rich wastewater without organic carbon[J].Microbial Ecology,2003,45(4):419-432.
[8]Dirlei D K,Valeria R,Willibaldo S,et al.Sludge washout as strategy for Anammox process start-up[J].Process Biochem,2007,42:1579-1585.
[9]李祥,黄勇,袁怡.DO在厌氧序批式生物膜反应器中对厌氧氨氧化反应启动的影响[J].环境污染与防治,2009,31(10):43-47.Li Xiang,Huang Yong,Yuan Yi.Effect of dissolved oxygen on the start-up of ANAMMOX in the ASBBR[J].Environmental Polution&Control,2009,31(10):43-47(in Chinese).
[10]王荣娟,杨朝晖,曾光明,等.不同供氧策略对SBBR反应器实现短程硝化厌氧氨氧化的影响分析[J].环境科学学报,2007,27(11):1809-1817.Wang Rongjuan,Yang Zhaohui,Zeng Guangming,et al.Impact of different aeration strategies on start-up of short nitrification-anaerobic ammonia oxidation[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2007,27(11):1809-1817(in Chinese).
[11]Strous M,van Gerven E,Kuenen J G.Effects of aerobic and microaerobic conditions on anaerobic ammonium oxidizing(anammox)sludge[J].Appl Environ Microbial,1997,63(6):2446-2448.
[12]郑照明,杨函青,马静,等.SNAD反应器中颗粒污泥和絮体污泥脱氮特性[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(10):2996-3002.Zheng Zhaoming,Yang Hanqing,Ma Jing,et al.The nitrogen removal performance of granules and flocs in SNAD reactor[J].China Environmental Science,2015,35(10):2996-3002(in Chinese).
[13]Shimamura M,Nishiyama T,Shigetomo H,et al.Isolation of a multiheme protein with features of a hydrazine-oxidizing enzyme from an anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing enrichment culture[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2007,73(4):1065-1072.
[14]Wang Q,Garrity J M,Tiedje M,et al.Na6ve Bayesian classifier for rapid assignment of r RNA sequences into the new bacterial taxonomy[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2007,73(16):5261-5267.
[15]Huttly G A,Knights D,Walters W A,et al.QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data[J].Nature Methods,2010,7(5):335-336.
[16]赵云霞.厌氧氨氧化菌种培养与动力学特性研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2005.Zhao Yunxia.Study on Culture and Kinetic Characteristics of Anammox Bacteria[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2005(in Chinese).
[17]于英翠,高大文,陶彧,等.利用序批式生物膜反应器启动厌氧氨氧化研究[J].中国环境科学,2012,32(5):843-849.Yu Yingcui,Gao Dawen,Tao Yu,et al.Start-up of anammox in a sequencing batch biofilm reactor(SBBR)[J].China Environmental Science,2012,32(5):843-849(in Chinese).
[18]吴立波,宫玥,龙斌,等.厌氧氨氧化工艺在厌氧复合床反应器中的启动运行[J].天津大学学报,2008,41(11):1367-1371.Wu Libo,Gong Yue,Long Bin,et al.Start-up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process in an upflow blanket filter bioreactor[J].Journal of Tianjin University,2008,41(11):1367-1371(in Chinese).
[19]李媛.厌氧氨氧化工艺启动和运行特性及其受抑机理研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2014.Li Yuan.Start-up and Performance Characteristics of Aaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Process and Its Repressed Mechanisms[D].Wuxi:Jiangnan University,2014(in Chinese).
[20]Shu D T,He Y L,Yue H,et al.Metagenomic insights into the effects of volatile fatty acids on microbial community structures and functional genes in organotrophic anammox process[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,196:621-633.
[21]刁晓君,李一葳,王曙光.水华生消过程对巢湖沉积物微生物群落结构的影响[J].环境科学,2015,36(1):107-113.Diao Xiaojun,Li Yiwei,Wang Shuguang.Effects of outbreak and extinction of algal blooms on the microbial community structure in sediments of Chaohu Lake[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(1):107-113(in Chinese).
[22]Zhan X J,Zhang H Z,Ye C M,et al.Effect of COD/Nratio on nitrogen removal and microbial communities of CANON process in membrane bioreactors[J].Bioresour Technol,2015,189:302-308.
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