巽他群岛主要成矿带及典型矿床地质特征
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摘要
巽他群岛大地构造位置位于欧亚板块、印度-澳大利亚板块与太平洋板块结合的部位,板块间长期的相互作用引发多期次构造-岩浆事件,在这一地区形成了丰富的矿产资源。根据矿床产出的大地构造背景、矿产种类、矿床类型、矿床规模、矿床组合等,将巽他群岛划分为苏门达腊-爪哇成矿带、苏拉威西成矿带、东加里曼丹成矿带、南西加里曼丹成矿带、古晋成矿带、帝汶岛成矿带,并对各成矿带的矿产概况、地质背景及某些典型矿床地质特征进行了总结,认为在六大成矿带中,苏门达腊-爪哇成矿带和苏拉威西成矿带研究程度最高、发现矿床最多、最具找矿前景。
The Sunda Islands is located at the junction of Eurasian plate, Indian-Australian plate and Pacific plate. The long-term interaction between the plates triggers multiple tectonic-magmatic events, which forms abundant mineral resources in this area. According to the geotectonic background, mineral types, deposit types, deposit scale and deposit associations of the deposits, the Sunda Islands are divided into Sumatra-Java metallogenic belt, Sulawesi metallogenic belt, East Calimantan metallogenic belt, South West Calimantan metallogenic belt, Gujin gold metallogenic belt and Timor Island metallogenic belt. The mineral situation, geological background and some typical ore deposits of each metallogenic belt are also discussed. The geological characteristics of mineralization are summarized. It is considered that the Sumatra-Java metallogenic belt and Sulawesi metallogenic belt have the highest degree of research, the most ore deposits discovered and the most prospecting prospects among the six metallogenic belts.
The Sunda Islands is located at the junction of Eurasian plate, Indian-Australian plate and Pacific plate. The long-term interaction between the plates triggers multiple tectonic-magmatic events, which forms abundant mineral resources in this area. According to the geotectonic background, mineral types, deposit types, deposit scale and deposit associations of the deposits, the Sunda Islands are divided into Sumatra-Java metallogenic belt, Sulawesi metallogenic belt, East Calimantan metallogenic belt, South West Calimantan metallogenic belt, Gujin gold metallogenic belt and Timor Island metallogenic belt. The mineral situation, geological background and some typical ore deposits of each metallogenic belt are also discussed. The geological characteristics of mineralization are summarized. It is considered that the Sumatra-Java metallogenic belt and Sulawesi metallogenic belt have the highest degree of research, the most ore deposits discovered and the most prospecting prospects among the six metallogenic belts.
引文
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[4] Davidson P, Crawford A J. Coexisting melt and fluid inclusions at Batu Hijau:Evidence for primary magmatic aqueous fluids and their relationship to mineralisation[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2006, 70(18):A131
[5] Sunarya Y. The strategy of mineral exploration in Indonesia toward the year 2000 and evaluation of the present geological knowledge of Indonesia[M]. Special Publication DMR, Indonesia, 1994.
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[12] van Leeuwen T M, Taylor R, Coote A, Longstaffe F J.Porphyry molybdenum mineralization in a continental collision setting at Malala, northwest Sulawesi, Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1994, 50(1-3):279-315.
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[17] Imai A. Genesis of the Mamut porphyry copper deposit,Sabah, East Malaysia[J]. Resource Geology, 2000, 50(1):1-3.
[18] Viaene W, Suhanda T, Vandenberghe N, Sunarya Y,Ottenburgs R. Geochemical soil prospecting in Northwest Kalimantan, Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1981, 15:453-470.
[19] Simmons S F, Browne P R L. Mineralogic, alteration and fluid-inclusion studies of epithermal gold-bearing veins at the Mt. Muroprospect, Central Kalimantan(Borneo),Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1990,35:63-103.
[20]广东省地质科学研究所.东南亚四国（马来西亚、新加坡、印度尼西亚、菲律宾）主要成矿区（带）地质矿产情报调研[R]. 1988.
[21]刘书生,杨永飞,郭林楠,聂飞,彭智敏,潘桂堂.东南亚大地构造特征与成矿作用[J].中国地质,2018,45(5):863-889.
[22]胡鹏,曹亮,Tampubolon Armin,张海坤,刘阿睢,程湘.印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛唐塞斑岩铜钼矿床成矿流体及成矿物质来源———来自氢、氧、硫和铅同位素证据[J].地质与勘探,2018,54(6):1202-1214.
[23]胡鹏,曹亮,Tampubolon Armin,张海坤,刘阿睢,程湘.印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛Woyla金矿流体包裹体研究及矿床成因分析[J].地质与勘探,2018,54(6):1215-1226.
[24] Hamilton W. Tectonics of the Indonesian Regoin[R].Geological Survey Professional Paper 1078, Washington,U.S government printing office, 1979:1-345.
[25] Van Leeuwen T M. 25 years of mineral exploration and discovery in Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1994, 50(1-3):13-20.
[26] Carlile J C, Kirkegaard A G. Porphyry copper gold deposits of the Tombulilato district, North Sulawesi,Indonesia:an extension of the Philippine porphyry copper gold province[M]. Asian Mining, Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 1985:351-363.
[27]张文佑.中国及临区陆海大地构造[M].北京：地质出版社，1986.
[28] Kosaka H, Wakita K. Some geologic features of the Mamut porphyry copper deposit, Sabah, Malaysia[J]. Economic Geology, 1978, 73:618-627.
[29] Nagano K, Takenouchi S, Imai H, Shoji T. Fluid inclusions study in the Mamut porphyry copper deposit,Sabah, Malaysia[J]. Mining Geology, 1977, 27:201-212.
[30] Grunsky E C, Smee B W. The differentiation of soil types and mineralization from multi-element geochemistry using multivariate methods and digital topography[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1999, 67:287-299.
[31] Bardossy G, Aleva G J J(著). 1990.顾皓民等(译)．红土型铝土矿[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社, 1994.
[32] Van Leeuwen T M, Leach T, Hawke A A, Hawke M M.The Kelian disseminated gold deposit, East Kalimantan,Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1990,50:1-61.
[33] Chung S K. Geology of the Kuching area west Sarawak.Kuala Lumpur[M]. Malaysia Ministry of Primary Industries, 1993:1-125.
[34]高光明,杨牧,汤超辉,涂生发.马来西亚沙捞越州什兰江斑岩金矿的发现及地质意义[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1999, 8(6):504-506.
[35]丁清峰,孙丰月,李碧乐.东南亚北加里曼丹新生代碰撞造山带演化与成矿[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2004,34(2):193-200.
[36]丁清峰.南亚加里曼丹区域成矿作用及什兰江金矿床成矿条件研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[37]赵财胜,孙丰月,李碧乐,丁清峰,吴尚昆.马来西亚沙捞越邦达、什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造对比研究及其找矿意义[J].世界地质,2003,22(4):366-372.
[38]赵财胜,孙丰月,李碧乐,潘彤,姚凤良.马来西亚沙捞越西部Punda金铜矿床构造控矿作用及找矿意义[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(2):18-22.
[39]李碧乐,李永胜,王东,丁清峰.东南亚加里曼丹新生代金成矿作用及成矿动力学[J].世界地质,2006,25(2):131-134, 146.
[40] Pollard P J, Taylor R G, Peters L. Ages of Intrusion,Alteration, and Mineralization at the Grasberg Cu-Au Deposit, Papua Indonesia[J]. Economic Geology, 2005,100(5):1005-1020.
[41] Vroon P Z. Subduction of continental Material in the Banda Arc, Eastern Indonesia[M]. Oost-Indonesia:Geologica Ultraiectina, 1992:1-205.
[42]杨献忠,曾勇,刘君安,陈国光,刘闯.东帝汶国金属矿产资源潜力与矿业投资环境[J].地质通报, 2014, 33(2-3):334-341.
[43] Wittouck S F. Exploration of Portuguese Timor[R]. Report of Allied Mining Corporation to Asia Investment Co, Ltd.,Amsterdam, 1937.
[44] Hoen C W A P, Van Es L C J. The Exploration for minerals in the Island of Timor[J]. Jaarboek van het Mijnwezen,1925, Verh(Ⅱ):1-80.
[45] Cox D P, Singer D A. Mineral Deposit Models[J]. US Geological Survey Bulletin, 1986:1693.
[46] Myra K, David W H. Deformation and exhumation in Timor:Distinct stages of a young orogeny[J]. Tectonophysics, 2010,483:93-111.
[47] Bambang S. Minerals Potential of Timor-Leste[C].//Conference proceeding-International:Opportunities&Challenges for Oil and Gas and Mining Sector in TimorLeste, Dili, 2003.
[2] Angel B M, Simpson S L, Jarolimek C V, Jung R,Waworuntu J, Batterham G. Trace metals associated with deep-sea tailings placement at the Batu Hijau copper-gold mine, Sumbawa, Indonesia[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin,2013, 73(1):306-313.
[3] Meldrum S J, Aquino R S, Gonzales R I, Burke R J, Suyadi A, Irianto B, Clarke D S. The Batu Hijau porphyry coppergold deposit deposit, Sumbawa Island, Indonesia[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1994, 50:203-220.
[4] Davidson P, Crawford A J. Coexisting melt and fluid inclusions at Batu Hijau:Evidence for primary magmatic aqueous fluids and their relationship to mineralisation[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2006, 70(18):A131
[5] Sunarya Y. The strategy of mineral exploration in Indonesia toward the year 2000 and evaluation of the present geological knowledge of Indonesia[M]. Special Publication DMR, Indonesia, 1994.
[6] McCarroll R J, Graham I T, Fountain R, Privat K,Woodhead J. The Ojolali region, Sumatra, Indonesia:Epithermal gold-silver mineralisation within the Sunda Arcsilver mineralisation within the Sunda Arc[J]. Gondwana Research, 2014, 26(1):218-240.
[7]印度尼西亚CSIRO勘查与矿业部.印度尼西亚火山弧矿床成因及其伴生矿化带[R]. 2002.
[8] Djaswadi S. Prospective of base metal minerals in Indonesia:Ministry of Mines and Energy of Republic of Indonesia[R]. Directorate of Mineral Resource Special Publication, Bandung, 1993, 229p.
[9] Carlile J C, Davey G R, Kadir I, Langmead R P, Rafferty W J. Discovery and exploration of the Gosowong epithermal gold deposit, Halmahera, Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1998, 60(3):207-227.
[10] Etrew R L. Porphyry copper-gold deposits of the southwest Pacific[J]. Mining Engineering,1995,47(1):33-38.
[11] White N C, Leake M J, McCaughey S N, Parris B W.Epithermal gold deposits of the southwest Pacific[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1995,54:87-136.
[12] van Leeuwen T M, Taylor R, Coote A, Longstaffe F J.Porphyry molybdenum mineralization in a continental collision setting at Malala, northwest Sulawesi, Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1994, 50(1-3):279-315.
[13] Carlile J C, Digdowirogo S, Darius K. Geological setting,characteristics and regional exploration for gold in the volcanic arcs of North Sulawesi, Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1990, 35(1-3):105-140.
[14] Turner S J, Flindell P A, Hendri D, Hardjana I, Lauricella P F, Lindsay R P, Marpaung B, White G P. Sedimenthosted gold mineralisation in the Ratatotok district, North Sulawesi, Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1994, 50(1-3):317-336.
[15]程立群,刘剑波,任学义,吴国学.印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛砾岩型红土镍矿床地质特征及成因[J].世界地质,2015, 34(1):120-126.
[16] Hutchison C S. Basement geology of the North Sepik region, Papua New Guinea[R]. Australian BMR Record1975/162, 55 pp.
[17] Imai A. Genesis of the Mamut porphyry copper deposit,Sabah, East Malaysia[J]. Resource Geology, 2000, 50(1):1-3.
[18] Viaene W, Suhanda T, Vandenberghe N, Sunarya Y,Ottenburgs R. Geochemical soil prospecting in Northwest Kalimantan, Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration,1981, 15:453-470.
[19] Simmons S F, Browne P R L. Mineralogic, alteration and fluid-inclusion studies of epithermal gold-bearing veins at the Mt. Muroprospect, Central Kalimantan(Borneo),Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1990,35:63-103.
[20]广东省地质科学研究所.东南亚四国（马来西亚、新加坡、印度尼西亚、菲律宾）主要成矿区（带）地质矿产情报调研[R]. 1988.
[21]刘书生,杨永飞,郭林楠,聂飞,彭智敏,潘桂堂.东南亚大地构造特征与成矿作用[J].中国地质,2018,45(5):863-889.
[22]胡鹏,曹亮,Tampubolon Armin,张海坤,刘阿睢,程湘.印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛唐塞斑岩铜钼矿床成矿流体及成矿物质来源———来自氢、氧、硫和铅同位素证据[J].地质与勘探,2018,54(6):1202-1214.
[23]胡鹏,曹亮,Tampubolon Armin,张海坤,刘阿睢,程湘.印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛Woyla金矿流体包裹体研究及矿床成因分析[J].地质与勘探,2018,54(6):1215-1226.
[24] Hamilton W. Tectonics of the Indonesian Regoin[R].Geological Survey Professional Paper 1078, Washington,U.S government printing office, 1979:1-345.
[25] Van Leeuwen T M. 25 years of mineral exploration and discovery in Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1994, 50(1-3):13-20.
[26] Carlile J C, Kirkegaard A G. Porphyry copper gold deposits of the Tombulilato district, North Sulawesi,Indonesia:an extension of the Philippine porphyry copper gold province[M]. Asian Mining, Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, 1985:351-363.
[27]张文佑.中国及临区陆海大地构造[M].北京：地质出版社，1986.
[28] Kosaka H, Wakita K. Some geologic features of the Mamut porphyry copper deposit, Sabah, Malaysia[J]. Economic Geology, 1978, 73:618-627.
[29] Nagano K, Takenouchi S, Imai H, Shoji T. Fluid inclusions study in the Mamut porphyry copper deposit,Sabah, Malaysia[J]. Mining Geology, 1977, 27:201-212.
[30] Grunsky E C, Smee B W. The differentiation of soil types and mineralization from multi-element geochemistry using multivariate methods and digital topography[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1999, 67:287-299.
[31] Bardossy G, Aleva G J J(著). 1990.顾皓民等(译)．红土型铝土矿[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社, 1994.
[32] Van Leeuwen T M, Leach T, Hawke A A, Hawke M M.The Kelian disseminated gold deposit, East Kalimantan,Indonesia[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 1990,50:1-61.
[33] Chung S K. Geology of the Kuching area west Sarawak.Kuala Lumpur[M]. Malaysia Ministry of Primary Industries, 1993:1-125.
[34]高光明,杨牧,汤超辉,涂生发.马来西亚沙捞越州什兰江斑岩金矿的发现及地质意义[J].有色金属矿产与勘查,1999, 8(6):504-506.
[35]丁清峰,孙丰月,李碧乐.东南亚北加里曼丹新生代碰撞造山带演化与成矿[J].吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2004,34(2):193-200.
[36]丁清峰.南亚加里曼丹区域成矿作用及什兰江金矿床成矿条件研究[D].吉林大学硕士学位论文,2002.
[37]赵财胜,孙丰月,李碧乐,丁清峰,吴尚昆.马来西亚沙捞越邦达、什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造对比研究及其找矿意义[J].世界地质,2003,22(4):366-372.
[38]赵财胜,孙丰月,李碧乐,潘彤,姚凤良.马来西亚沙捞越西部Punda金铜矿床构造控矿作用及找矿意义[J].地质与勘探,2004,40(2):18-22.
[39]李碧乐,李永胜,王东,丁清峰.东南亚加里曼丹新生代金成矿作用及成矿动力学[J].世界地质,2006,25(2):131-134, 146.
[40] Pollard P J, Taylor R G, Peters L. Ages of Intrusion,Alteration, and Mineralization at the Grasberg Cu-Au Deposit, Papua Indonesia[J]. Economic Geology, 2005,100(5):1005-1020.
[41] Vroon P Z. Subduction of continental Material in the Banda Arc, Eastern Indonesia[M]. Oost-Indonesia:Geologica Ultraiectina, 1992:1-205.
[42]杨献忠,曾勇,刘君安,陈国光,刘闯.东帝汶国金属矿产资源潜力与矿业投资环境[J].地质通报, 2014, 33(2-3):334-341.
[43] Wittouck S F. Exploration of Portuguese Timor[R]. Report of Allied Mining Corporation to Asia Investment Co, Ltd.,Amsterdam, 1937.
[44] Hoen C W A P, Van Es L C J. The Exploration for minerals in the Island of Timor[J]. Jaarboek van het Mijnwezen,1925, Verh(Ⅱ):1-80.
[45] Cox D P, Singer D A. Mineral Deposit Models[J]. US Geological Survey Bulletin, 1986:1693.
[46] Myra K, David W H. Deformation and exhumation in Timor:Distinct stages of a young orogeny[J]. Tectonophysics, 2010,483:93-111.
[47] Bambang S. Minerals Potential of Timor-Leste[C].//Conference proceeding-International:Opportunities&Challenges for Oil and Gas and Mining Sector in TimorLeste, Dili, 2003.
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