兰新高铁挡风墙防风效果分析评估
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摘要
基于2012年6月至2013年5月兰新第二双线DK1518、DK1527两处高铁沿线挡风墙实验段8个梯度风逐时观测资料,通过对挡风墙外环境风和挡风墙内不同位置、不同高度风的监测资料对比分析,对挡风墙的实际防风效果进行总体评估。结果表明:挡风墙对环境风速、风向都有明显的改变,环境风吹至挡风墙遭阻挡翻越后,高于挡风墙顶部的风速增大,而低于挡风墙高度位置的风速呈明显减小,距离挡风墙越近风速衰减越明显,验证了挡风墙的防风效果。不同级别的大风情况下挡风墙防风效果依然显著,在挡风墙内的中下部区域对环境风速的减小可达72%。挡风墙对风向的阻挡作用表现为:低于挡风墙高度的低层位置(车体底部、车体中部)风向明显改变产生了绕流,而高于挡风墙的高层位置(接触网悬挂处、接触网导线),风向受挡风墙影响较小,与墙外环境风向基本一致。
Based on the hourly observation data of 8 gradient wind stations within DK1518 and DK1527 wind-break wall experimental sections of Lan-Xin double-track railway line from June 2012 to May 2013, the anti-wind capability of wind-break wall was evaluated by contrasting the wind speed at different positions and height between two sides of the wind-break wall. The results show that the wind-break wall could obviously change the direction and speed of ambient wind. After the ambient wind blew over the wind-break wall, the wind speed above the top of the wind-break wall increased, while that below the height of the wind-break wall decreased obviously. The closer to the wind-break wall, the more obviously the wind speed decayed, all of these verified the effectiveness of the wind-break wall. The windproof effect of the wind-break wall was still significant under high wind conditions with different levels, and the ambient wind speed could be reduced by 72% in the middle and lower parts of the wind-break wall. The blocking effect of the wind-break wall on the wind direction was as follows: the direction of the wind at a lower level below the height of the wall changed significantly and resulted in a flow around, whereas the wind direction was less affected and was basically consistent with the direction outside the wall at the position above the wall.
Based on the hourly observation data of 8 gradient wind stations within DK1518 and DK1527 wind-break wall experimental sections of Lan-Xin double-track railway line from June 2012 to May 2013, the anti-wind capability of wind-break wall was evaluated by contrasting the wind speed at different positions and height between two sides of the wind-break wall. The results show that the wind-break wall could obviously change the direction and speed of ambient wind. After the ambient wind blew over the wind-break wall, the wind speed above the top of the wind-break wall increased, while that below the height of the wind-break wall decreased obviously. The closer to the wind-break wall, the more obviously the wind speed decayed, all of these verified the effectiveness of the wind-break wall. The windproof effect of the wind-break wall was still significant under high wind conditions with different levels, and the ambient wind speed could be reduced by 72% in the middle and lower parts of the wind-break wall. The blocking effect of the wind-break wall on the wind direction was as follows: the direction of the wind at a lower level below the height of the wall changed significantly and resulted in a flow around, whereas the wind direction was less affected and was basically consistent with the direction outside the wall at the position above the wall.
引文
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[21] 刘磊,李红梅,侯福国,等.兰新铁路第二双线挡风墙防风效果仿真分析[J].铁道建筑,2015,11:80-83.
[22] 高广军,田红旗.兰新线强横风对车辆倾覆稳定性的影响[J].铁道学报,2004,26(4):36-40.
[2] SUZUKI M,TANEMOTO K,MAEDA T.Aerodynamic Characteristics of train/vehicles under cross winds[J].Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial AerodymInjcs,2003,91(1/2):209-218.
[3] 梁习锋,舒信伟.列车风挡对空气阻力影响的数值模拟研究[J].铁道学报,2003,25(1):34-37.
[4] 郝小龙.高速列车设备舱出气对下游车体边界层特性的影响实验研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2018.
[5] 吴畏.大气边界层风场的大涡模拟[J].山西建筑,2018,44(32):56-57.
[6] 王胜,张强,赵建华,等.典型干旱区陆面模式模拟检验[J].干旱气象,2018,36(6):921-926.
[7] 朱苹,王成刚,严家德,等.北京城市复杂下垫面条件下三种边界层测风资料对比[J].干旱气象,2018,36(5):794-801.
[8] 于丽娟,尹承美,林应超,等.中国区域近地面风速动力降尺度研究[J].干旱气象,2017,35(1):23-28.
[9] 贺林.大气边界层流场特性的风洞实验研究和数值模拟[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2018.
[10] 程雪玲,胡非,曾庆存.复杂地形风场的精细数值模拟[J].气候与环境研究,2015,20(1):1-10.
[11] 杜风宇.强风下车-桥系统气动特性及挡风墙的影响风洞试验研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2014:57-77.
[12] 葛玉梅,李永乐,何向东.作用在车-桥系统上风荷载的风洞试验研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2001,36(6):12-16.
[13] 李鲲,梁习锋,杨明智.高速铁路挡风墙防风特性风洞试验及优化比选[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2018,49(5):1297-1305.
[14] 姜翠香,梁习锋.挡风墙高度和设置位置对车辆气动性能的影响[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(2):66-70.
[15] 王厚雄,高注,王蜀东,等.挡风墙高度的研究[J].中国铁道科学,1990,11(1):14-22.
[16] 杨斌,刘堂红,杨明智.大风区铁路挡风墙合理设置[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2011,8(3) :67-72.
[17] 刘凤华.加筋土式挡风墙优化研究[J].铁道工程学报,2006(1):96-99.
[18] 高广军,段丽丽.单线路堤上挡风墙高度研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(1):254-259.
[19] 李荧.兰新线百里风区不同型式挡风墙防风效果评估[J].铁道技术监督,2012,40(1):34-42.
[20] 孙成访,董汉雄,胡智炜.兰新铁路百里风区挡风墙设计[J].铁道建筑,2009,6(1):93-95.
[21] 刘磊,李红梅,侯福国,等.兰新铁路第二双线挡风墙防风效果仿真分析[J].铁道建筑,2015,11:80-83.
[22] 高广军,田红旗.兰新线强横风对车辆倾覆稳定性的影响[J].铁道学报,2004,26(4):36-40.
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