西北旱区水文水资源科技进展与发展趋势
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摘要
西北旱区水资源短缺,生态环境脆弱,严重制约了社会经济可持续发展和生态环境良性循环。尤其是在变化环境下,全球气候变暖加快了冰川融化速率,西北旱区的水文要素和水资源都发生了剧烈变化。因此,综述西北旱区水文水资源科技进展与发展趋势具有重要的意义。本文在大量查阅国内外水文和水资源科技研究文献的基础上,简述了西北旱区水文水资源特点和存在问题,对水文水资源科技进展进行了较系统总结;同时,指出了旱区水文水资源科技的发展趋势,可为进一步研究旱区水文水资源关键学科问题和关键技术提供有益参考。
The shortage of water resources and the fragile ecological environment has seriously restricted the sustainable development of social economy and the virtuous cycle of ecological environment, in the northwest arid region, especially in the changing environment. Global warming has accelerated the melting rate of glaciers, and the hydrology and water resource have undergone drastic changes in the northwest arid region. Therefore, it is of great significance to summarize the progress in science and technology and development trends of hydrology and water resources in northwest arid region. Based on the study of a large number of progress in science and technology and development trends of hydrology and water resources at home and abroad, the main research objectives of this paper are to: analyze the characteristics and existing problems of hydrology and water resources in the northwest arid region, systematically summarize the progress in science and technology of hydrology and water resources, points out the development trend of hydrology and water resources in the northwest arid region, which can provide beneficial reference to further study the problems of hydrology and water resources in the northwest arid region.
The shortage of water resources and the fragile ecological environment has seriously restricted the sustainable development of social economy and the virtuous cycle of ecological environment, in the northwest arid region, especially in the changing environment. Global warming has accelerated the melting rate of glaciers, and the hydrology and water resource have undergone drastic changes in the northwest arid region. Therefore, it is of great significance to summarize the progress in science and technology and development trends of hydrology and water resources in northwest arid region. Based on the study of a large number of progress in science and technology and development trends of hydrology and water resources at home and abroad, the main research objectives of this paper are to: analyze the characteristics and existing problems of hydrology and water resources in the northwest arid region, systematically summarize the progress in science and technology of hydrology and water resources, points out the development trend of hydrology and water resources in the northwest arid region, which can provide beneficial reference to further study the problems of hydrology and water resources in the northwest arid region.
引文
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[30] 张国盛.干旱、半干旱地区乔灌木树种耐旱性及林地水分动态研究进展[J].中国沙漠,2000,20(4):19-24.
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[33] 常远,夏朋,王建平.水-能源-粮食纽带关系概述及对我国的启示[J].水利发展研究,2016,16(5):67-70.
[34] 李桂君,黄道涵,李玉龙.水-能源-粮食关联关系:区域可持续发展研究的新视角[J].中央财经大学学报,2016(12):76-90.
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[36] Hertel T,Steinbuks J,Baldos U.Competition for land in the global bioeconomy[J].Agricultural Economics,2012,44(S1):129-138.
[37] Ringler C,Willenbocke D,Perez N,et al.Global linkages among energy,food and water:an economic assessment[J].Journal of Environmental Studies & Sciences,2016,6(1):161-171.
[38] Jeswani H K,Burkinshaw R,Azapagic A.Environmental sustainability issues in the food-energy-water nexus:breakfast cereals and snacks[J].Sustainable Production and Consumption,2015,2:17-28.
[39] Dennis W.The water-energy-food nexus:is the increasing attention warranted,from either a research or policy perspective[J].Environmental Science & Policy,2017,69:113-123.
[40] Hoff H.Understanding the nexus.Background paper for the Bonn 2011 Conference:the water,energy and food security nexus[C]//Stockholm:Stockholm Environment Institute,2011.
[41] Allan T,Keulertz M,Woertz E.The water-food-energy nexus:an introduction to nexus concepts and some conceptual and operational problems[J].International Journal of Water Resources Development,2015,31(3):301-311.
[42] Bazilian M,Rogner H,Howells M,et al.Considering the energy,water and food nexus:towards an integrated modelling approach[J].Energy Policy,2011,39(12):7896-7906.
[43] Irwin E,Campbell J,Wilson R,et al.Human adaptations in food,energy,and water systems[J].Journal of Environmental Studies & Sciences,2016,6(1):127-139.
[44] Hoekstra A Y,Wiedmann T O.Humanity's unsustainable environmental footprint[J].Science,2014,344(6188):1114-1117.
[45] Zhang X D,Vesselinov V V.Integrated modeling approach for optimal management of water,energy and food security nexus[J].Advances in Water Resources,2017,101:1-10.
[46] Chang G Y,Wang L,Meng L Y,et al.Farmers' attitudes toward mandatory water-saving policies:a case study in two basins in northwest China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016,181(1):455-464.
[47] 操信春,邵光成,王小军,等.中国农业广义水资源利用系数及时空格局分析[J].水科学进展,2017,28(1):14-21.
[48] Hoogeveen J,Faure's J M,Peiser L,et al.GlobWat-a global water balance model to assess water use in irrigated agriculture[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions,2015,19(9):3829-3844.
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