城市居民内涝灾害风险感知调查研究——以郑州市为例
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摘要
基于风险感知理论,采用问卷调查法从灾害认知情况、防灾意识和技能、响应情况三个方面对郑州市居民的城市内涝灾害风险感知现状进行调研,并在此基础上对不同影响因素之间的相关性以及不同路段之间居民对内涝灾害感知的差异性进行深入分析.结果显示:①城市居民内涝灾害的风险感知情况存在较大差异,多数居民对内涝灾害缺乏科学、系统的认知;②约80%的居民有一定的防灾意识,72.6%的居民掌握有基本的防灾技能;③多数郑州市居民对于内涝灾害都能积极响应,且对政府的相关工作有所期待.根据调查结果,对郑州市居民及政府相关部门提出了三点建议,为郑州市提升防范内涝灾害的能力、减轻灾害带来的损失和政府部门做好相关工作提供参考.
Based on the theory of risk perception,this paper investigates the current situation of urban waterlogging hazard risk in Zhengzhou residents from three aspects of disaster cognition,prevention consciousness and skill and response situation. On this basis,the correlation between different influencing factors and the difference of residents' perception on waterlogging disaster between different sections are analyzed deeply. The following are the results.There are great differences in the risk perception of urban residents' intrinsic disasters,and most residents are lack of the scientific and systematic understanding on waterlogging disasters. About 80% of residents have a certain sense of disaster prevention,and 72.6% of residents have the basic disaster prevention skills. Most Zhengzhou residents can respond positively to waterlogging disaster,and the government's relevant works are expected. According to the survey results,the Zhengzhou residents and the relevant departments of the government are put forward three suggestions,they are beneficial for Zhengzhou to improve the ability,prevent the waterlogging disasters,reduce the damage caused by the disaster and provide the reference for government departments.
Based on the theory of risk perception,this paper investigates the current situation of urban waterlogging hazard risk in Zhengzhou residents from three aspects of disaster cognition,prevention consciousness and skill and response situation. On this basis,the correlation between different influencing factors and the difference of residents' perception on waterlogging disaster between different sections are analyzed deeply. The following are the results.There are great differences in the risk perception of urban residents' intrinsic disasters,and most residents are lack of the scientific and systematic understanding on waterlogging disasters. About 80% of residents have a certain sense of disaster prevention,and 72.6% of residents have the basic disaster prevention skills. Most Zhengzhou residents can respond positively to waterlogging disaster,and the government's relevant works are expected. According to the survey results,the Zhengzhou residents and the relevant departments of the government are put forward three suggestions,they are beneficial for Zhengzhou to improve the ability,prevent the waterlogging disasters,reduce the damage caused by the disaster and provide the reference for government departments.
引文
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[16]李婷婷.公众风险感知的社区减灾策略研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.
[2]王伟武,汪琴,林晖,等.中国城市内涝研究综述及展望[J].城市问题,2015(10):24-28.
[3]周忻,徐伟,袁艺,等.灾害风险感知研究方法与应用综述[J].灾害学,2012,27(2):114-118.
[4]苗春兰,谭刚.我国地震灾害救助管理研究综述[J].华北地震科学,2015,33(2):30-35.
[5] BAUER R A. Consumer behavior as risk taking[C]//Proceedings of the 43rd Conference of the American Marketing Association.June 15-17,1960,Chicago,USA. USA:American Marketing Association,1960:389-398.
[6]孟博,刘茂.风险感知理论模型及影响因子分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2010,20(10):59-66.
[7]薛澜,周海雷,陶鹏.我国公众应急能力影响因素及培育路径研究[J].中国应急管理,2014(5):9-15.
[8] BOSSCHAART A,KUIPER W,VAN DER SCHEE J,et al. The role of knowledge in students’flood-risk perception[J]. Natural Hazards,2013,69(3):1661-1680.
[9]高斯瑶,崔淑娟,钟晴,等.城市社区灾害风险认知水平现状与对策——以北京市海淀区北太平庄社区为例[J].城市与减灾,2013(4):21-23.
[10] YANG C L,NAIR V. Risk perception study in tourism:are we really measuring perceived risk?[J]. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,2014,144:322-327.
[11]苏飞,何超,黄建毅,等.灾害风险感知研究现状及趋向[J].灾害学,2016,31(3):146-151.
[12]郁耀闯.灾害感知研究及其趋向[J].宝鸡文理学院学报(自然科学版),2016,36(2):69-73.
[13]郑州市统计局. 2017年郑州市国民经济和社会发展统计公报[R/OL].(2018-04-10)[2018-05-16]. http://www.tjcn.org/tjgb/16hn/35406.html.
[14]卢冶飞,孙忠宝.应用统计学[M]. 2版.北京:清华大学出版社,2015.
[15]王江波,张茜,吴丽萍,等.我国城市内涝问题研究综述[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(30):12072-12078.
[16]李婷婷.公众风险感知的社区减灾策略研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2014.
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