湖北省九华山林场不同树种配置杉阔混交林林分空间结构特征分析
|
摘要
以三种(杉木+少量栎类、杉木+栎类+光皮桦、杉木+栎类+光皮桦+马尾松)不同树种配置的杉阔混交林为研究对象,计算了角尺度、大小比数、混交度三个林分空间结构指标,全面分析了湖北省九华山林场不同树种配置杉阔混交防护林林分空间结构特征,结果表明:优势树种主要有杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata(Lamb.)Hook.)、栎类(Quercus L.)及光皮桦(Betula luminifera)三种,并有少量马尾松(Pinus massoniana)散生于林内,生长优势也较弱。不同树种配置所呈现的林分空间结构也不相同。树种配置Ⅰ(杉木+少量栎类)的角尺度平均值为0.42,大小比数平均值为0.31,混交度平均值为0.18,林木空间分布格局和生长优势度均较好,但混交程度较弱,近乎杉木纯林,对应的生物多样性也会较小。树种配置Ⅱ(杉木+栎类+光皮桦)的角尺度平均值为0.5,大小比数平均值0.32,混交度平均数0.48,空间分布格局整体呈现随机分布;林木主要处于亚优势生长状态,混交度以中度-强度混交为主;而树种配置Ⅲ(杉木+栎类+光皮桦+马尾松)的角尺度平均值为0.58,大小比数平均值0.51,混交度平均数0.54,林木空间格局呈现聚集分布,生长优势水平中庸,为中度混交。全面分析林分空间结构,可以明确林分空间结构中存在的不合理情况,为合理择伐以及近自然经营提供科学依据,使该地区的杉阔混交林的多种功能得到可持续发挥。
In order to analyze the spatial structure of Cunninghamia lanceolata-broadleaved mixed plantation on a Jiuhua Mountain farm, three different composition of Cunninghamia lanceolata-Broadleaved Mixed Plantation was taken as the study object, three spatial structure parameters, the angle index, mingling degree, and neighborhood comparison, were calculated. The results showed that the dominant species were C. lanceolata, Quercus L., and Betula luminifera; additionally, a small amount of Pinus massoniana was scattered throughout the forest. Different tree species compositions presented different spatial structures: composition I had an average angle index of 0.42, average neighborhood comparison value of 0.31, and average mingling degree value of 0.18; composition II had an average angle index of 0.5, average neighborhood comparison value of 0.32, and average mingling degree value of 0.48; and composition III had an average angle index of 0.58, average neighborhood comparison value of 0.51, and an average mingling degree value of 0.54. This comprehensive analysis of the spatial structure of the forest on Jiuhua Mountain farm reflects the unreasonable circumstances in the spatial structure of the forest, provides a scientific basis for guiding reasonable selective cutting and near-natural management, and enables the multiple functions of the Cunninghamia lanceolata-broadleaved mixed plantation in this region to be sustainable.
In order to analyze the spatial structure of Cunninghamia lanceolata-broadleaved mixed plantation on a Jiuhua Mountain farm, three different composition of Cunninghamia lanceolata-Broadleaved Mixed Plantation was taken as the study object, three spatial structure parameters, the angle index, mingling degree, and neighborhood comparison, were calculated. The results showed that the dominant species were C. lanceolata, Quercus L., and Betula luminifera; additionally, a small amount of Pinus massoniana was scattered throughout the forest. Different tree species compositions presented different spatial structures: composition I had an average angle index of 0.42, average neighborhood comparison value of 0.31, and average mingling degree value of 0.18; composition II had an average angle index of 0.5, average neighborhood comparison value of 0.32, and average mingling degree value of 0.48; and composition III had an average angle index of 0.58, average neighborhood comparison value of 0.51, and an average mingling degree value of 0.54. This comprehensive analysis of the spatial structure of the forest on Jiuhua Mountain farm reflects the unreasonable circumstances in the spatial structure of the forest, provides a scientific basis for guiding reasonable selective cutting and near-natural management, and enables the multiple functions of the Cunninghamia lanceolata-broadleaved mixed plantation in this region to be sustainable.
引文
[1] 汤孟平.森林空间结构分析与优化经营模型研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2003.
[2] Spiecker H.Silvicultural management in maintaining biodiversity and resistance of forests in Europe-temperate zone.Journal of Environmental Management,2003,67(1):55- 65.
[3] Baskent E Z,Keles S.Spatial forest planning:A review.Ecological Modelling,2005,188(2/4):145- 173.
[4] Liebhold A M,Rossi R E,Kemp W P.Geostatistics and geographic information systems in applied insect ecology.Annual Review of Entomology,1993,38:303- 327.
[5] Moeur M.Characterizing spatial patterns of trees using stem-mapped data.Forest Science,1993,39(4):756- 775.
[6] Pommerening A.Approaches to quantifying forest structures.Forestry,2000,75(3):305- 324.
[7] 惠刚盈,胡艳波.混交林树种空间隔离程度表达方式的研究.林业科学研究,2001,14(1):23- 27.
[8] 李盾,黄楠,王强,罗传文.天然次生林林木空间格局及更新格局.东北林业大学学报,2004,32(5):4- 6,9- 9.
[9] 安慧君,惠刚盈,郑小贤,张韬,胡艳波,孟庆伟.不同发育阶段阔叶红松林空间结构的初步研究.内蒙古大学学报:自然科学版,2005,36(6):714- 718.
[10] 贾秀红,郑小贤.长白山过伐林区云冷杉针阔混交林空间结构分析.华中农业大学学报,2006,25(4):436- 440.
[11] 惠刚盈,Gadow K V,胡艳波,陈伯望.林木分布格局类型的角尺度均值分析方法.生态学报,2004,24(6):1225- 1229.
[12] 汤孟平,唐守正,雷相东,李希菲.林分择伐空间结构优化模型研究.林业科学,2004,40(5):25- 31.
[13] 郝云庆,王金锡,王启和,孙鹏,蒲春林.柳杉纯林改造后林分空间结构变化预测.林业科学,2006,42(8):8- 13.
[14] 胡艳波,惠刚盈,戚继忠,安慧君,郝广明.吉林蛟河天然红松阔叶林的空间结构分析.林业科学研究,2003,16(5):523- 530.
[15] 周超凡,王博恒,王蔚炜,赵鹏祥,李卫忠.基于空间结构指数的黄龙山林区不同森林群落稳定性评价.中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(7):76- 82.
[16] 倪宝龙,刘兆刚.不同强度火干扰下盘古林场天然落叶松林的空间结构.生态学报,2013,33(16):4975- 4984.
[17] 李燕,刘成功,李秀芹,宋曰钦,万志兵,胡茶青.岭南林场混交林林分空间结构特征分析.分子植物育种,2018,16(11):3768- 3776.
[18] Curtis J T,Mcintosh R P.An upland forest continuum in the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin.Ecology,1951,32(3):476- 496.
[19] 惠刚盈,Gadow K V,胡艳波.林分空间结构参数角尺度的标准角选择.林业科学研究,2004,17(6):687- 692.
[20] 汤孟平.森林空间结构研究现状与发展趋势.林业科学,2010,46(1):117- 122.
[21] 惠刚盈,李丽,赵中华,党普兴.林木空间分布格局分析方法.生态学报,2007,27(11):4717- 4728.
[22] 刘进山.不同起源柳杉群落结构特征对比研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2009.
[23] Gadow K V,Bredenkamp B.Forest Management.Pretoria:Academica,1992.
[24] 张会儒,汤孟平,舒清态.森林生态采伐的理论与实践.北京:中国林业出版社,2006:214- 226.
[25] 巫志龙,周成军,周新年,郑群瑞,陈辉荣,李智丰.杉阔混交人工林林分空间结构分析.林业科学研究,2013,26(5):609- 615.
[26] Pretzsch H.Analysis and modeling of spatial stand structures.Methodological considerations based on mixed beech-larch stands in Lower Saxony.Forest Ecology and Management,1997,97(3):237- 253.
[27] Pommerening A.Evaluating structural indices by reversing forest structural analysis.Forest Ecology and Management,2006,224(3):266- 277.
[28] Hanewinkel M,Pretzsch H.Modelling the conversion from even-aged to uneven-aged stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.Karst.) with a distance-dependent growth simulator.Forest Ecology and Management,2000,134(1/3):55- 70.
[29] Kint V.Structural development in ageing temperate Scots pine stands.Forest Ecology and Management,2005,214(1/3):237- 250.
[30] Courbaud B,Goreaud F,Dreyfus P,Bonnet F R.Evaluating thinning strategies using a tree distance dependent growth model:some examples based on the CAPSIS software “uneven-aged spruce forests” module.Forest Ecology and Management,2001,145(1/2):15- 28.
[31] 董灵波,刘兆刚.樟子松人工林空间结构优化及可视化模拟.林业科学,2012,48(10):77- 85.
[2] Spiecker H.Silvicultural management in maintaining biodiversity and resistance of forests in Europe-temperate zone.Journal of Environmental Management,2003,67(1):55- 65.
[3] Baskent E Z,Keles S.Spatial forest planning:A review.Ecological Modelling,2005,188(2/4):145- 173.
[4] Liebhold A M,Rossi R E,Kemp W P.Geostatistics and geographic information systems in applied insect ecology.Annual Review of Entomology,1993,38:303- 327.
[5] Moeur M.Characterizing spatial patterns of trees using stem-mapped data.Forest Science,1993,39(4):756- 775.
[6] Pommerening A.Approaches to quantifying forest structures.Forestry,2000,75(3):305- 324.
[7] 惠刚盈,胡艳波.混交林树种空间隔离程度表达方式的研究.林业科学研究,2001,14(1):23- 27.
[8] 李盾,黄楠,王强,罗传文.天然次生林林木空间格局及更新格局.东北林业大学学报,2004,32(5):4- 6,9- 9.
[9] 安慧君,惠刚盈,郑小贤,张韬,胡艳波,孟庆伟.不同发育阶段阔叶红松林空间结构的初步研究.内蒙古大学学报:自然科学版,2005,36(6):714- 718.
[10] 贾秀红,郑小贤.长白山过伐林区云冷杉针阔混交林空间结构分析.华中农业大学学报,2006,25(4):436- 440.
[11] 惠刚盈,Gadow K V,胡艳波,陈伯望.林木分布格局类型的角尺度均值分析方法.生态学报,2004,24(6):1225- 1229.
[12] 汤孟平,唐守正,雷相东,李希菲.林分择伐空间结构优化模型研究.林业科学,2004,40(5):25- 31.
[13] 郝云庆,王金锡,王启和,孙鹏,蒲春林.柳杉纯林改造后林分空间结构变化预测.林业科学,2006,42(8):8- 13.
[14] 胡艳波,惠刚盈,戚继忠,安慧君,郝广明.吉林蛟河天然红松阔叶林的空间结构分析.林业科学研究,2003,16(5):523- 530.
[15] 周超凡,王博恒,王蔚炜,赵鹏祥,李卫忠.基于空间结构指数的黄龙山林区不同森林群落稳定性评价.中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(7):76- 82.
[16] 倪宝龙,刘兆刚.不同强度火干扰下盘古林场天然落叶松林的空间结构.生态学报,2013,33(16):4975- 4984.
[17] 李燕,刘成功,李秀芹,宋曰钦,万志兵,胡茶青.岭南林场混交林林分空间结构特征分析.分子植物育种,2018,16(11):3768- 3776.
[18] Curtis J T,Mcintosh R P.An upland forest continuum in the prairie-forest border region of Wisconsin.Ecology,1951,32(3):476- 496.
[19] 惠刚盈,Gadow K V,胡艳波.林分空间结构参数角尺度的标准角选择.林业科学研究,2004,17(6):687- 692.
[20] 汤孟平.森林空间结构研究现状与发展趋势.林业科学,2010,46(1):117- 122.
[21] 惠刚盈,李丽,赵中华,党普兴.林木空间分布格局分析方法.生态学报,2007,27(11):4717- 4728.
[22] 刘进山.不同起源柳杉群落结构特征对比研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2009.
[23] Gadow K V,Bredenkamp B.Forest Management.Pretoria:Academica,1992.
[24] 张会儒,汤孟平,舒清态.森林生态采伐的理论与实践.北京:中国林业出版社,2006:214- 226.
[25] 巫志龙,周成军,周新年,郑群瑞,陈辉荣,李智丰.杉阔混交人工林林分空间结构分析.林业科学研究,2013,26(5):609- 615.
[26] Pretzsch H.Analysis and modeling of spatial stand structures.Methodological considerations based on mixed beech-larch stands in Lower Saxony.Forest Ecology and Management,1997,97(3):237- 253.
[27] Pommerening A.Evaluating structural indices by reversing forest structural analysis.Forest Ecology and Management,2006,224(3):266- 277.
[28] Hanewinkel M,Pretzsch H.Modelling the conversion from even-aged to uneven-aged stands of Norway spruce (Picea abies L.Karst.) with a distance-dependent growth simulator.Forest Ecology and Management,2000,134(1/3):55- 70.
[29] Kint V.Structural development in ageing temperate Scots pine stands.Forest Ecology and Management,2005,214(1/3):237- 250.
[30] Courbaud B,Goreaud F,Dreyfus P,Bonnet F R.Evaluating thinning strategies using a tree distance dependent growth model:some examples based on the CAPSIS software “uneven-aged spruce forests” module.Forest Ecology and Management,2001,145(1/2):15- 28.
[31] 董灵波,刘兆刚.樟子松人工林空间结构优化及可视化模拟.林业科学,2012,48(10):77- 85.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |