MBBR-MBR组合工艺处理生活污水效能及膜污染研究
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摘要
构建了移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)-膜生物反应器(MBR)组合工艺处理生活污水,考察了其对污染物的去除效果和膜污染情况。结果表明,MBBR-MBR对NH_4~+-N和COD的去除率均能达到97%以上。MBR中跨膜压随运行时间延长呈先慢速增加后快速增加的特点,活性污泥微生物胞外聚合物(EPS)和微生物代谢产物(SMP)是膜污染的重要物质,普通的化学清洗并不能使MBR膜组件恢复到新膜的水平,膜污染呈不可逆性。EPS的表观分子量分布较广泛,而SMP的表观分子量呈单峰特征,主要以小分子量物质为主。
A moving bed biofilm reactor( MBBR)-membrane bioreactor( MBR) combined process was constructed to treat domestic wastewater, and the removal effect of pollutant and membrane fouling were investigated. The results showed that the removal rate of NH_4~+-N and COD could reach 97% by MBBR-MBR. The membrane suction pressure in MBR was characterized by a slow increase and then a rapid increase with the extension of the running time. Extracellular polymeric substances( EPS) and soluble microbial products( SMP) were important factors influencing membrane fouling. Ordinary chemical cleaning did not restore the MBR membrane module to the level of the new, showing irreversibility. The apparent molecular weight distribution of EPS was more extensive, while the apparent molecular weight of SMP exhibited a single peak characteristic. SMP was mainly composed of small molecular weight substances.
A moving bed biofilm reactor( MBBR)-membrane bioreactor( MBR) combined process was constructed to treat domestic wastewater, and the removal effect of pollutant and membrane fouling were investigated. The results showed that the removal rate of NH_4~+-N and COD could reach 97% by MBBR-MBR. The membrane suction pressure in MBR was characterized by a slow increase and then a rapid increase with the extension of the running time. Extracellular polymeric substances( EPS) and soluble microbial products( SMP) were important factors influencing membrane fouling. Ordinary chemical cleaning did not restore the MBR membrane module to the level of the new, showing irreversibility. The apparent molecular weight distribution of EPS was more extensive, while the apparent molecular weight of SMP exhibited a single peak characteristic. SMP was mainly composed of small molecular weight substances.
引文
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[14] WANG Y,HUANG X,YUAN Q. Nitrogen and carbon removals from food processing wastewater by an anoxic/aerobic membrane bioreactor[J]. Process Biochemistry,2005,40(5):1733-1739.
[15]王勇,孙寓姣,黄霞.膜-生物反应器中活性污泥沉降性能与膜污染相关性研究[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(3):396-400.WANG Y,SUN Y J,HUANG X. Pertinence of sludge settleability and membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2005,25(3):396-400.
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[17] WISNIEWSKI C,GRASMICK A. Floc size distribution in a membrane bioreactor and consequences for membrane fouling[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,1998,138:403-411.
[18] MENG F,ZHANG H,YANG F,et al. Identification of activated sludge properties affecting membrane fouling in submerged membrane bioreactors[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2006,51:95-103.
[19] DREWS A,LEE C H,KRAUME M. Membrane fouling:a review on the role of EPS[J]. Desalination,2006,200:186-188.
[20]杨文静,樊耀波,徐国良,等.膜生物反应器操作条件对EPS含量及膜污染的影响[J].膜科学与技术,2010,30(6):41-48.
[21] MUKAI T,TAKIMOTO K,KOHNO T,et al. Ultrafiltration behaviour of extracellular and metabolic products in activated sludge system with UF separation process[J]. Water Research,2000,34(3):902-908.
[22]张洪杰,于水利,赵方波,等.膜生物反应器膜污染影响因素的分析[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,21(4):440-448.ZHANG H J,YU S L,ZHAO F B,et al. Study on factors in membrane fouling of membrane bioreactors[J]. Journal of Harbin University of Commerce(Natural Sciences Edition),2005,21(4):440-448.
[23] CHANG I S,LE C P,JEFFERSON B,et al. Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering,2002,128(11):1018-1029.
[24]董滨,段妮娜,何群彪.不同泥龄下溶解性微生物产物对膜污染的影响[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2010,38(3):403-406.DONG B,DUAN N N,HE Q B. Membrane fouling behaviors of soluble microbial products at various sludge retention times[J].Jouranl of Tongji University(Natural Science),2010,38(3):403-406.
[2]张安龙,曹萌.移动床生物膜反应器处理生活污水的研究[J].环境工程,2011,29(1):15-18.ZHANG A L,CAO M. Study on treatment of domestic sewage by moving bed biofilm reactor[J]. Environmental Engineering,2011,29(1):15-18.
[3]楼洪海,王琪,胡大锵,等. MBBR工艺处理化工废水中试研究[J].环境工程,2008,26(6):61-62.LOU H H,WANG Q,HU D Q,et al. Pilot-scale test on treating the chemical wastewater by MBBR process[J]. Environmental Engineering,2008,26(6):61-62.
[4] SHORE J L,M'COY W S,GUNSCH C K,et al. Application of a moving bed biofilm reactor for tertiary ammonia treatment in high temperature industrial wastewater[J]. Bioresource Technology,2012,112:51-60.
[5]欧阳雄文,谌建宇,余健. MBR在脱氮除磷方面的最新研究与进展[J].工业水处理,2005,25(6):9-12.OUYANG X W,CHEN J Y,YU J,et al. Newest researches and advance in the application of membrane bioreactor to denitrification and dephosphorylation[J]. Industrial Water Treatment,2005,25(6):9-12.
[6] ROSENBERGER S,KRUGER U,WITZIG R,et al. Performance of a bioreactor with submerged membranes for aerobic treatment of municipal waste water[J]. Water Research,2002,36:413-420.
[7] WISNIEWSKI C. Membrane bioreactor for water reuse[J].Desalination,2007,203(1/2/3):15-19.
[8] VISVANATHAN C,CHOUDHARY M,MONTALBO M,et al.Landfill leachate treatment using thermophilic membrane bioreactor[J]. Desalination,2007,204(1/2/3):8-16.
[9] LEIKNES T,ΦDEGAARD H. The development of a biofilm membrane bioreactor[J]. Desalination,2007,202:135-143.
[10] LEE W K,KANG L J,LEE C H. Factors affecting futration sharacteristics in membrane-coupled moving bed biofilm reactor[J]. Water Research,2006,40(9):1827-1835.
[11] FRΦLUND B,PALMGREN R,KEIDING K,et al. Extraction of extracellular polymers from activated sludge using a cation exchange resin[J]. Water Research,1996,30(8):1749-1758.
[12]段亮,夏四清,宋永会,等.活性污泥胞外聚合物提取方法优化[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(1):63-66.DUAN L,XIA S Q,SONG Y H,et al. Optimization of extracellular polymeric substance extraction method[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2010,4(1):63-66.
[13] JENKINS D,RICHARD M G,DAIGGER G T. Manual on the causes and control of activated sludge bulking,foaming,and other solids separation problems[M]. London:IWA Publishing,2004.
[14] WANG Y,HUANG X,YUAN Q. Nitrogen and carbon removals from food processing wastewater by an anoxic/aerobic membrane bioreactor[J]. Process Biochemistry,2005,40(5):1733-1739.
[15]王勇,孙寓姣,黄霞.膜-生物反应器中活性污泥沉降性能与膜污染相关性研究[J].环境科学学报,2005,25(3):396-400.WANG Y,SUN Y J,HUANG X. Pertinence of sludge settleability and membrane fouling in membrane bioreactor[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2005,25(3):396-400.
[16]罗虹,顾平,杨造燕.膜生物反应器内泥水混合液可过滤性的研究[J].城市环境与城市生态,2000,13(1):51-54.LUO H,GU P,YANG Z Y. Study on filterability of the mixed liquor in membrane bioreactor[J]. Urban Environment&Urban Ecology,2000,13(1):51-54.
[17] WISNIEWSKI C,GRASMICK A. Floc size distribution in a membrane bioreactor and consequences for membrane fouling[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A:Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects,1998,138:403-411.
[18] MENG F,ZHANG H,YANG F,et al. Identification of activated sludge properties affecting membrane fouling in submerged membrane bioreactors[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2006,51:95-103.
[19] DREWS A,LEE C H,KRAUME M. Membrane fouling:a review on the role of EPS[J]. Desalination,2006,200:186-188.
[20]杨文静,樊耀波,徐国良,等.膜生物反应器操作条件对EPS含量及膜污染的影响[J].膜科学与技术,2010,30(6):41-48.
[21] MUKAI T,TAKIMOTO K,KOHNO T,et al. Ultrafiltration behaviour of extracellular and metabolic products in activated sludge system with UF separation process[J]. Water Research,2000,34(3):902-908.
[22]张洪杰,于水利,赵方波,等.膜生物反应器膜污染影响因素的分析[J].哈尔滨商业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,21(4):440-448.ZHANG H J,YU S L,ZHAO F B,et al. Study on factors in membrane fouling of membrane bioreactors[J]. Journal of Harbin University of Commerce(Natural Sciences Edition),2005,21(4):440-448.
[23] CHANG I S,LE C P,JEFFERSON B,et al. Membrane fouling in membrane bioreactors for wastewater treatment[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering,2002,128(11):1018-1029.
[24]董滨,段妮娜,何群彪.不同泥龄下溶解性微生物产物对膜污染的影响[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2010,38(3):403-406.DONG B,DUAN N N,HE Q B. Membrane fouling behaviors of soluble microbial products at various sludge retention times[J].Jouranl of Tongji University(Natural Science),2010,38(3):403-406.
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