广西某锌冶炼厂萃原液中铟的离心萃取研究
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摘要
针对广西某锌冶炼厂的含铟萃原液(实际溶液)进行离心萃取分离铟的研究,首先研究了用P204单级萃取模拟溶液和萃原液中铟的最优条件,然后研究了萃原液中铟的理论萃取级数,最后研究了离心萃取法分离萃原液中有价金属铟的工艺参数。模拟溶液和萃原液单级萃取铟的实验表明铟的萃取率高且铟与铁和锌的分离效果好,萃原液的萃取等温线及McCabe-Thiele图表明铟连续萃取的理论级数为2级。离心萃取法对萃原液中铟的萃取研究表明二级逆流萃取条件下,相比(O/A)为1∶5、 pH为1.0、有机相为P204(15%)+DT100(85%)、离心转速为6000 r·min~(-1)时,铟的萃取率达97.8%,铁和锌的萃取率分别为1.31%和2.11%。铟的反萃采用3 mol·L~(-1)的盐酸,在相比O/A=5∶1的条件下,二级逆流萃取,铟的反萃率超过98.0%,而铁和锌的反萃率分别为14.4%和40.9%。本研究表明离心萃取设备可应用于广西某锌冶炼厂萃原液中铟的萃取。
The centrifugal extraction of indium in the feeding liquid was studied in detail from one-stage extraction and condition experiments to the centrifugal extraction. The experimental results for one-stage extraction of indium of simulated solution and actual solution showed that the extraction rate of indium was high and the separation effect was good. The extraction isotherm and McCabe-Thiele diagram of indium showed that indium could be extracted well under two-stage of continuous extraction. The results of centrifugal extraction for indium showed the extraction rate of indium was about 97.8% while iron and zinc were 1.31% and 2.11%, respectively, under the conditions including two-stage countercurrent extraction, phase ratio of 1∶5, pH 1.0, P204 concentration of 15% and the centrifugal speed of 6000 r·min~(-1). The indium two-stage countercurrent reverse stripping was carried out by using 3 mol·L~(-1) HCl at a flow ratio of O/A=5∶1. The stripping rate of indium was over 98.0%, while the stripping rates of iron and zinc were respectively 14.4% and 40.9%. This research indicated that the centrifugal separation technology was suitable for the extraction of indium in the feeding liquid.
The centrifugal extraction of indium in the feeding liquid was studied in detail from one-stage extraction and condition experiments to the centrifugal extraction. The experimental results for one-stage extraction of indium of simulated solution and actual solution showed that the extraction rate of indium was high and the separation effect was good. The extraction isotherm and McCabe-Thiele diagram of indium showed that indium could be extracted well under two-stage of continuous extraction. The results of centrifugal extraction for indium showed the extraction rate of indium was about 97.8% while iron and zinc were 1.31% and 2.11%, respectively, under the conditions including two-stage countercurrent extraction, phase ratio of 1∶5, pH 1.0, P204 concentration of 15% and the centrifugal speed of 6000 r·min~(-1). The indium two-stage countercurrent reverse stripping was carried out by using 3 mol·L~(-1) HCl at a flow ratio of O/A=5∶1. The stripping rate of indium was over 98.0%, while the stripping rates of iron and zinc were respectively 14.4% and 40.9%. This research indicated that the centrifugal separation technology was suitable for the extraction of indium in the feeding liquid.
引文
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[15] Hou W Q,Wang K.Design and application of down-feeding mixer-settler in solvent extraction of uranium [J].Hydrometallurgy,2018,(1):74.(侯伟强,王库.下进料型混合澄清器在铀溶剂萃取中的应用 [J].湿法冶金,2018,(1):74.)
[16] Zou Y,Wang Y D,Fei W Y.Research progress of mixer-settler extractor [J].化工设备与管道,2014,51(5):40.(邹洋,王运东,费维扬.混合澄清槽研究进展 [J].化工设备与管道,2014,51(5):40.)
[17] Wang S C,Zhang T A,Zhao Q Y,Lü C.Settling performance of new type mixer-settler [J].Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science Edition),2014,35(4):548.(王淑婵,张廷安,赵秋月,吕超.新型混合澄清槽的澄清性能 [J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(4):548.)
[18] Tamhane T V,Joshi J B,Mudali U K,Natarajan R,Patil R N.Axial mixing in annular centrifugal extractors [J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,207:462.
[19] Jing X,Wang J,Cao H,Ning P,Sun Z.Rapid selective extraction of V(V) from leaching solution using annular centrifugal contactors and stripping for NH4VO3 [J].Separation & Purification Technology,2017,187.
[20] Mandal K,Kumar S,Vijayakumar V,Mudali U K,Ravisankar A.Hydrodynamic and mass transfer studies of 125 mm centrifugal extractor with 30% TBP/nitric acid system [J].Progress in Nuclear Energy,2015,85:1.
[21] Wang S,Guo P C,Zhao Y C.Application of centrifugal extractor in separation Co from Ni electrolyte [J].Hydrometallurgy,2008,27(1):45.(王胜,郭鹏成,赵燕春.离心萃取器在镍钴分离中的应用 [J].湿法冶金,2008,27(1):45.)
[22] Duan W H,Zhou X Z,Zhou J Z.Application of centrifugal extractor in non-ferrous metals [J].Nonferrous Metals,2006,58(3):54.(段五华,周秀珠,周嘉贞.离心萃取器在有色冶金中的应用 [J].有色金属工程,2006,58(3):54.)
[2] Werner T T,Mudd G M,Jowitt S M.Indium:key issues in assessing mineral resources and long-term supply from recycling [J].Applied Earth Science,2015,124(4):213.)
[3] Wen J K,Chen B W,Shang H,Zhang G C.Research progress in biohydrometallurgy of rare metals and heavy nonferrous metals with an emphasis on China [J].Rare Metals,2016,35(6):1.
[4] Chen J B,Zhang F S.On the current situation and policy transformation of China′s indium resources [J].Mining Research and Development,2012,32(5):118.(陈甲斌,张福生.中国铟资源形势与政策转型 [J].矿业研究与开发,2012,32(5):118.)
[5] Cook N J,Ciobanu C L,Williams T.The mineralogy and mineral chemistry of indium in sulphide deposits and implications for mineral processing [J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,108(3-4):226.
[6] Chen X L,Liu J S,Liu Q Q,Xu C P.Preparation of coated impregnated resin containing P507 and its adsorption properties for indium (III) [J].Chinese Journal of Rare Matals,2016,40(8):825.(陈晓亮,刘军深,刘清清,徐翠萍.包覆型P507浸渍树脂的制备及吸附铟(Ⅲ)的性能 [J].稀有金属,2016,40(8):825.)
[7] Graedel T E,Gunn G,Tercero Espinoza L.Metal Resources,Use and Criticality.Critical Metals Handbook [M].John Wiley & Sons,2014.1.
[8] Yen F C,Chang T C,Laohaprapanon S,Chen Y L,You S J.Recovery of indium from LCD waste by solvent extraction and the supported liquid membrane with strip dispersion using D2EHPA as the extractant [J].Solvent Extraction Research & Development Japan,2016,23(1):63.
[9] Liu J Y,Zhang X,Zheng Z L,Zhang Y L.Experiment study on solvent extraction of indium from blast furnace dust using P204 [J].Hydrometallurgy,2007,26(4):202.(刘静源,张旭,郑治龙,张瑜林.用P204从鼓风炉烟尘浸出液中萃取铟的试验研究 [J].湿法冶金,2007,26(4):202.)
[10] Yang J,Retegan T,Ekberg C.Indium recovery from discarded LCD panel glass by solvent extraction [J].Hydrometallurgy,2013,33(5):68.
[11] Li X B,Wei C,Deng Z G,Li C X,Fan F,Rong H,Zhang F.Extraction and separation of indium and copper from zinc residue leach liquor by solvent extraction [J].Separation & Purification Technology,2015,156:348.
[12] Wang J F,Yang W B,Feng Y L,Zhang L J.Research on extraction of indium with di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid [J].Journal of Shanxi University (Natural Science Edition),1991,(4):61.(王靖芳,杨文斌,冯彦琳,张立坚.二(2-乙基己基)磷酸萃取铟的研究 [J].山西大学学报(自然科学版),1991,(4):61.)
[13] Tang X.The application progress and development trend of the extraction equipment [J].Guangdong Chemical Industry,2015,42(4):59.(唐湘.萃取设备的研究应用进展及其发展趋势 [J].广东化工,2015,42(4):59.)
[14] Zhang J,Zhao B,Schreiner B.Separation Hydrometallurgy of Rare Earth Elements [M].Springer International Publishing,2016.248.
[15] Hou W Q,Wang K.Design and application of down-feeding mixer-settler in solvent extraction of uranium [J].Hydrometallurgy,2018,(1):74.(侯伟强,王库.下进料型混合澄清器在铀溶剂萃取中的应用 [J].湿法冶金,2018,(1):74.)
[16] Zou Y,Wang Y D,Fei W Y.Research progress of mixer-settler extractor [J].化工设备与管道,2014,51(5):40.(邹洋,王运东,费维扬.混合澄清槽研究进展 [J].化工设备与管道,2014,51(5):40.)
[17] Wang S C,Zhang T A,Zhao Q Y,Lü C.Settling performance of new type mixer-settler [J].Journal of Northeastern University (Natural Science Edition),2014,35(4):548.(王淑婵,张廷安,赵秋月,吕超.新型混合澄清槽的澄清性能 [J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2014,35(4):548.)
[18] Tamhane T V,Joshi J B,Mudali U K,Natarajan R,Patil R N.Axial mixing in annular centrifugal extractors [J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2012,207:462.
[19] Jing X,Wang J,Cao H,Ning P,Sun Z.Rapid selective extraction of V(V) from leaching solution using annular centrifugal contactors and stripping for NH4VO3 [J].Separation & Purification Technology,2017,187.
[20] Mandal K,Kumar S,Vijayakumar V,Mudali U K,Ravisankar A.Hydrodynamic and mass transfer studies of 125 mm centrifugal extractor with 30% TBP/nitric acid system [J].Progress in Nuclear Energy,2015,85:1.
[21] Wang S,Guo P C,Zhao Y C.Application of centrifugal extractor in separation Co from Ni electrolyte [J].Hydrometallurgy,2008,27(1):45.(王胜,郭鹏成,赵燕春.离心萃取器在镍钴分离中的应用 [J].湿法冶金,2008,27(1):45.)
[22] Duan W H,Zhou X Z,Zhou J Z.Application of centrifugal extractor in non-ferrous metals [J].Nonferrous Metals,2006,58(3):54.(段五华,周秀珠,周嘉贞.离心萃取器在有色冶金中的应用 [J].有色金属工程,2006,58(3):54.)
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