村镇生活垃圾与秸秆混合焚烧过程中多环芳烃(PAHs)释放特征
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摘要
为了解我国农村地区生活垃圾与玉米秸秆焚烧处置过程烟气中多环芳烃(PAHs)释放特征,对我国农村地区生活垃圾可燃组分以及生活垃圾与玉米秸秆混合焚烧组分在焚烧过程烟气中PAHs化合物释放特征进行分析,利用气相色谱-质谱仪(GC-MS)对样品中的16种PAHs进行分析,研究气态以及颗粒态PAHs的释放因子、环数比例、气固态分配以及排放特征值.结果表明气态PAHs排放因子为当垃圾与秸秆混合比例为1∶2时PAHs的总量最多,而颗粒态为当垃圾与秸秆混合比例为1∶3时PAHs的总量最多;气态PAHs主要集中于2～3环低环数化合物,颗粒态PAHs则主要以中低环数(3～4环)化合物为主,本研究为促进我国村镇生活垃圾处理与资源化运用提供理论依据.
In order to understand the characteristics of emission and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) during RSW and straw mixed burning, 2 categories wastes(i.e. rural solid waste and rural solid waste with straw mixed) had been chosen to analyze by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer(GC-MS). The results showed that the emission factors of PAHs from RSW and straw mixed category was higher than RSW. Meanwhile, for all combustion experiments, flue gas occupied the highest proportion of low-ring PAHs and fly ash contained more high-ring PAHs. Moreover, the 2-and 3 ring PAHs accounted for the majority of total PAHs in flue gas. However, the 3-and 4 ring PAHs accounted for the majority of total PAHs. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of solid waste disposal and resource utilization in rural areas in China.
In order to understand the characteristics of emission and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) during RSW and straw mixed burning, 2 categories wastes(i.e. rural solid waste and rural solid waste with straw mixed) had been chosen to analyze by using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer(GC-MS). The results showed that the emission factors of PAHs from RSW and straw mixed category was higher than RSW. Meanwhile, for all combustion experiments, flue gas occupied the highest proportion of low-ring PAHs and fly ash contained more high-ring PAHs. Moreover, the 2-and 3 ring PAHs accounted for the majority of total PAHs in flue gas. However, the 3-and 4 ring PAHs accounted for the majority of total PAHs. This study provides a theoretical basis for the utilization of solid waste disposal and resource utilization in rural areas in China.
引文
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李法松,韩铖,周葆华,等.2016.安徽省室内降尘中多环芳烃分布及来源解析 [J].中国环境科学,36(2):363-369
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何立明,王文杰,王桥,等.2007.中国秸秆焚烧的遥感监测与分析 [J].中国环境监测,23(1):42-50
黄帅,黄欣怡,吴水平,等.2015.不同生物质燃烧排放多环芳烃及糖醇类化合物的模拟研究 [J].环境科学,36(10):3573-3581
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魏欣,刘新亮,苏杨.2007.农村聚居点环境污染特征及其成因分析——基于中国农村饮用水与环境卫生现状调查 [J].中国发展,7(4):92-98
王真真,谭吉华,毕新慧,等.2015.三种农作物秸秆燃烧颗粒态多环芳烃排放特征 [J].中国环境科学,35(4):1065-1071
晏卓逸,岳波,高红,等.2017.我国村镇生活垃圾可燃组分基本特征及其时空差异 [J].环境科学,38(7):3078-3084
岳波,张志彬,孙英杰,等.2014.我国农村生活垃圾的产生特征研究 [J].环境科学与技术,37(6):129-134
赵起越,李新中,陈添.2003.燃烧麦秸对大气颗粒物中多环芳烃含量的影响 [J].岩矿测试,22(4):273-276
朱先磊,刘维立,卢妍妍,等.2001.燃煤烟尘多环芳烃成分谱特征的研究 [J].环境科学研究,14(5):4-8
Daniel R,Radzi B A,Omar N Y,et al.2006.Identification and emission factors of molecular tracers in organic aerosols from biomass burning:Part 3.Grasses [J].Applied Geochemistry,21(6):919-940
Dou B,Park S,Lim S,et al.2007.Pyrolysis characteristics of refuse derived fuel in a pilot-scale unit [J].Energy & Fuels,21(6):3730-3734
Gonzalez-Vila F J,Lopez J L,Martin F,et al.1991.Determination in soils of PAH produced by combustion of biomass under different conditions [J].Fresenius Journal of Analytical Chemistry,339(10):750-753
李法松,韩铖,周葆华,等.2016.安徽省室内降尘中多环芳烃分布及来源解析 [J].中国环境科学,36(2):363-369
刘贵荣,史国良,张普,等 2014.成都市PM10中多环芳烃来源识别及毒性评估 [J].中国环境科学,34(10):2479-2484
李久海,董元华,曹志洪.2008.稻草焚烧产生的多环芳烃排放特征研究 [J].中国环境科学,28(1):23-26
何立明,王文杰,王桥,等.2007.中国秸秆焚烧的遥感监测与分析 [J].中国环境监测,23(1):42-50
黄帅,黄欣怡,吴水平,等.2015.不同生物质燃烧排放多环芳烃及糖醇类化合物的模拟研究 [J].环境科学,36(10):3573-3581
Masteral A M,Call N M,Murillo R,et al.1996.Assessment of PAH emissions as a function of coal combustion variables [J].Fuel,75(13):1533-1536
Masteral A M,Call N M,Murillo R,et al.1998.Assessment of PAH emissions as a function of coal combustion variables in fluidised bed.2.Air excess percentage [J].Fuel,77(13):1513-1516
马涵宇,李芸邑,刘阳生.2012.城市生活垃圾筛上物制备RDF及其燃烧特性研究 [J].环境工程,30(4):96-100
Neurath G,Ehmke H,Horstmann H.1964.Influence of the moisture content of cigarettes on the composition of smoke.Part 3[J].Beitr Tabakforsch Int,2(7):361-366
Peng N,Li Y,Liu Z,et al.2016.Emission,distribution and toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during municipal solid waste (MSW) and coal co-combustion [J].Science of the Total Environment,56(5):1201-1207
彭卫国,何俊宝,姚庆军,等.2014.天津市城市生活垃圾物理组成及影响因素分析 [J].环境卫生工程,22(3):12-14
Schauer J J,Kleeman M J,Cass G R,et al.2002.Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources.5.C1-C32 organic compounds from gasoline-powered motor vehicles [J].Environmental Science & Technology,36(6):1169-1180
宋志伟,吕一波,梁洋,等.2007.国内外城市生活垃圾焚烧技术的发展现状 [J].环境卫生工程,15(1):21-24
Xu S,Liu W,Tao S.2006.Emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in China[J].Environmental Science & Technology,40(3):702-708
魏欣,刘新亮,苏杨.2007.农村聚居点环境污染特征及其成因分析——基于中国农村饮用水与环境卫生现状调查 [J].中国发展,7(4):92-98
王真真,谭吉华,毕新慧,等.2015.三种农作物秸秆燃烧颗粒态多环芳烃排放特征 [J].中国环境科学,35(4):1065-1071
晏卓逸,岳波,高红,等.2017.我国村镇生活垃圾可燃组分基本特征及其时空差异 [J].环境科学,38(7):3078-3084
岳波,张志彬,孙英杰,等.2014.我国农村生活垃圾的产生特征研究 [J].环境科学与技术,37(6):129-134
赵起越,李新中,陈添.2003.燃烧麦秸对大气颗粒物中多环芳烃含量的影响 [J].岩矿测试,22(4):273-276
朱先磊,刘维立,卢妍妍,等.2001.燃煤烟尘多环芳烃成分谱特征的研究 [J].环境科学研究,14(5):4-8
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