福建三明两种人工林叶片碳氮磷化学计量特征的季节变化
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摘要
为了解不同人工林叶片C、N、P含量及其化学计量特征的季节变化规律,以福建三明格氏栲和杉木人工林为研究对象,分不同季节采集其新鲜成熟叶片进行分析.结果显示:(1)格氏栲叶片C、N、P及其计量比(C:N、C:P、N:P)分别为488.48 g/kg、15.67 g/kg、0.93 g/kg和31.87、537.16、17.32,杉木为501.99 g/kg、13.67 g/kg、1.00 g/kg和37.32、511.55、13.97,其中格氏栲叶片N含量、N:P显著高于杉木,C含量、C:N显著低于杉木,P含量和C:P与杉木无显著差异.(2)格氏栲和杉木叶片C含量均表现为从春季到冬季先升高后降低,秋季达到最大,格氏栲叶片N含量为秋季最低,而杉木叶片N含量为秋季最高,格氏栲叶片P含量为夏季最高、春季最低,杉木叶片P含量则为春夏季显著低于秋冬季.(3)格氏栲和杉木叶片C:N、C:P变化趋势与其N、P含量变化趋势相反,叶片N:P与其P含量变化趋势相反,说明叶片N、P含量对叶片C:N与C:P起主导作用,叶片N:P主要由P含量决定.(4)除叶片C含量和C:P外,其他指标均受季节和树种及其交互作用的显著影响;叶片C:P主要受季节的影响,其他各指标受树种的影响最大.本研究表明杉木人工林N的利用效率高,格氏栲人工林P的利用效率高;格氏栲在春冬季受P限制,秋季受N限制,夏季同时受N、P限制,杉木在秋冬季受N限制,春夏季同时受N、P限制.(图1表3参38)
To investigate the seasonal variations in C, N, and P content and their stoichiometric characteristics in leaves of different plantations, fresh leaves of Castanopsis kawakamii and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations were collected in different seasons in Sanming, Fujian and analyzed. The results showed that:(1) leaf C, N, and P content and stoichiometric ratios(C:N, C:P, N:P) of C. kawakamii were 488.48 g/kg, 15.67 g/kg, 0.93 g/kg and 31.87, 537.16 and 17.32, respectively, and the same parameters for C. lanceolata were 501.99 g/kg, 13.67 g/kg, 1.00 g/kg and 37.32, 511.55 and 13.97, respectively. The N content and N:P of leaves were significantly higher in C. kawakamii than in C. lanceolata, the C content and C:N of leaves were significantly lower in C. kawakamii than in C. lanceolata; there were no significant difference in P content and C:P between the two species.(2) The leaf C content of C. kawakamii and C. lanceolata increased first and then decreased from spring to winter, reaching the maximum in autumn; the leaf N content of C. kawakamii was lowest in autumn. However, the leaf N content of C. lanceolata leaves was highest in autumn, and the leaf P contents of C. kawakamii was highest in summer and lowest in spring, while the leaf P content in spring and summer were significantly lower than that in autumn and winter for C. lanceolata.(3) The trends of the changes in C:N and C:P in leaves of C. kawakamii and C. lanceolata were opposite to those observed for N and P content, while leaf N:P showed an opposite trend to P content, indicating that N and P content played a predominant role in determining C:N and C:P ratios. Meanwhile, the N:P ratio was controlled by P content.(4) Indicators other than C content and C:P in leaves were significantly affected by season and tree species and their interaction; C:P in leaves was mainly affected by season, and other indicators were most affected by tree species. The result indicated that the utilization efficiency of N was highest in the C. lanceolata plantation, and that of P was highest in the C. kawakamii plantation. As indicated by the content and stoichiometric ratio of N and P in leaves in different seasons, C. kawakamii was under P limitation in spring and winter, N limitation in autumn, and N and P co-limitation in summer; C. lanceolata was under N limitation in autumn and winter and N and P co-limitation in spring and summer.
To investigate the seasonal variations in C, N, and P content and their stoichiometric characteristics in leaves of different plantations, fresh leaves of Castanopsis kawakamii and Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations were collected in different seasons in Sanming, Fujian and analyzed. The results showed that:(1) leaf C, N, and P content and stoichiometric ratios(C:N, C:P, N:P) of C. kawakamii were 488.48 g/kg, 15.67 g/kg, 0.93 g/kg and 31.87, 537.16 and 17.32, respectively, and the same parameters for C. lanceolata were 501.99 g/kg, 13.67 g/kg, 1.00 g/kg and 37.32, 511.55 and 13.97, respectively. The N content and N:P of leaves were significantly higher in C. kawakamii than in C. lanceolata, the C content and C:N of leaves were significantly lower in C. kawakamii than in C. lanceolata; there were no significant difference in P content and C:P between the two species.(2) The leaf C content of C. kawakamii and C. lanceolata increased first and then decreased from spring to winter, reaching the maximum in autumn; the leaf N content of C. kawakamii was lowest in autumn. However, the leaf N content of C. lanceolata leaves was highest in autumn, and the leaf P contents of C. kawakamii was highest in summer and lowest in spring, while the leaf P content in spring and summer were significantly lower than that in autumn and winter for C. lanceolata.(3) The trends of the changes in C:N and C:P in leaves of C. kawakamii and C. lanceolata were opposite to those observed for N and P content, while leaf N:P showed an opposite trend to P content, indicating that N and P content played a predominant role in determining C:N and C:P ratios. Meanwhile, the N:P ratio was controlled by P content.(4) Indicators other than C content and C:P in leaves were significantly affected by season and tree species and their interaction; C:P in leaves was mainly affected by season, and other indicators were most affected by tree species. The result indicated that the utilization efficiency of N was highest in the C. lanceolata plantation, and that of P was highest in the C. kawakamii plantation. As indicated by the content and stoichiometric ratio of N and P in leaves in different seasons, C. kawakamii was under P limitation in spring and winter, N limitation in autumn, and N and P co-limitation in summer; C. lanceolata was under N limitation in autumn and winter and N and P co-limitation in spring and summer.
引文
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2 Han W,Fang J,Guo D,Zhang Y.Leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry across 753 terrestrial plant species in China[J].New Phytol,2005,168(2):377-385
3 Elser JJ,Sterner RW,Gorokhova E,Fagan WF,Markow TA,Cotner JB,Harrison J,Hobbie SE,Odell GM,Weider LJ.Biological stoichiometry from genes to ecosystems[J].Ecol Lett,2000,3(6):540-550
4 Dahlin KM,Asner GP,Field CB.Environmental and community controls on plant canopy chemistry in a Mediterranean-type ecosystem[J].PNAS,2013,110(17):6895-6900
5 Harryolde V,Sabine G.Competitive interactions between two meadow grasses under nitrogen and phosphorus limitation[J].Funct Ecol,2010,24(4):877-886
6 Yang G,Yu G,He N.Equilibration of the terrestrial water,nitrogen,and carbon cycles:Advocating a health threshold for carbon storage[J].Ecol Eng,2013,57(57):366-374
7 Zhang L,Bai Y,Han X.Application of N:P stoichiometry to ecology studies[J].Acta Bot Sin,2003,45(9):1009-1018
8 Cheng B,Zhao Y,Zhang W,An SQ.The research advances and prospect of ecological stoichiometry[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2010,30(6):1628-1637
9 Li H,Crabbe MJC,Xu F,Wang WL,Niu RL,Gao X,Zhang P,Chen HK.Seasonal variations in carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations and C:N:P stoichiometry in different organs of a Larix principisrupprechtii Mayr.plantation in the Qinling Mountains,China[J].PLoSONE,2017,12(9):1-18
10李征,韩琳,刘玉虹,安树青,冷欣.滨海盐地碱蓬不同生长阶段叶片C、N、P化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(10):1054-1061[Li Z,Han L,Liu YH,An SQ,Leng X.C,N and P stoichiometric characteristics in leaves of Suaeda salsa during different growth phase in coastal wetlands of China[J].J Plant Ecol,2012,36(10):1054-1061]
11崔东,陈亚宁,李卫红,朱成刚.伊犁河谷苦豆子C、N、P含量变化及化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2018,38(17):6163-6170[Cui D,Chen YN,Li WH,Zhu CG.The study of carbon,nitrogen,phosphorus content changes and their stoichiometry of Sophoraalopecuroides in the Yili river region[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2018,38(17):6163-6170]
12邱岭军,胡欢甜,林宇,葛露露,王珂远,何宗明,董强.滨海沙地不同林龄尾巨桉内吸收率及其C:N:P化学计量特征[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(4):739-744[Qiu L J,Hu H T,Lin Y,Ge LL,Wang KY,He ZM,Dong Q.Nutrient resorption efficiency and C:N:P stoichiometry of Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis of different ages in a sandy coastal plain area[J].Chin J Appl Environ Biol,2017,23(4):739-744]
13 Sardans J,Rivas-Ubach A,Penuelas J.The elemental stoichiometry of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and its relationships with organismic lifestyle and ecosystem structure and function:a review and perspectives[J].Biogeochemistry,2012,111(1-3):1-39
14 Thomas S C,Martin A R.Carbon content of tree tissues:a synthesis[J].Forests,2012,3(2):332-352
15曾昭霞,王克林,刘孝利,曾馥平,宋同清,彭晚霞,张浩,杜虎.桂西北喀斯特森林植物-凋落物-土壤生态化学计量特征[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(7):682-693[Zeng ZX,Wang KL,Liu XL,Zeng FP,Song TQ,Peng WX,Zhang H,Du H.Stoichiometric characteristics of plants,litter and soils in karst plant communities of North-west Guangxi[J].JPlant Ecol,2015,39(7):682-693]
16王宝荣,曾全超,安韶山,张海鑫,白雪娟.黄土高原子午岭林区两种天然次生林植物叶片-凋落叶-土壤生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(16):5461-5473[Wang BR,Zeng QC,An SS,Zhang HX,Bai XJ.C:N:P stoichiometry characteristics of plants-litter-soils in two kind types of natural secondary forest on the Ziwuling region of the Loess Plateau[J].Acta Ecol Sin,2017,37(16):5461-5473]
17赵维俊,刘贤德,金铭,张学龙,车宗玺,敬文茂,王顺利,牛赟,齐鹏,李雯靖.祁连山青海云杉林叶片-枯落物-土壤的碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J].土壤学报,2016,53(2):477-489[Zhao WJ,Liu XD,Jin M,Zhang XL,Che ZX,Jing WM,Wang SL,Niu X,Qi P,Li WJ.Ecological stoichiometric characteristics of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in leaf-litter-soil system of Picea crassifolia forest in the Qilian mountains[J].Acta Pedol Sin,2016,53(2):477-489]
18许宇星,王志超,竹万宽,杜阿鹏.不同品种桉树林生活叶-凋落物-土壤碳氮磷化学计量特征[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2018,46(3):94-110[Xu YX,Wang ZC,Zhu WK,Du AP.Stoichiometric characteristric of C,N and P in leaf-litter-soi of different Eucalyptus varieties[J].J NW A&F Univ(Nat Sci Ed),2018,46(3):94-110]
19 Poor ter L,Bongers F.Leaf traits are good predictors of plant performance across 53 rain forest specied[J].Ecology,2006,87(7):1733-1743
20 Shipley B,Lechowicz MJ,Wright I,Reich P.Fundamental trade-offs generating the worldwide leaf economics spectrum[J].Ecology,2006,87(3):535-541
21 Han WX,Fang JY,Reich PB,Woodward FL,Wang ZH.Biogeography and variability of eleven mineral elements in plant leaves across gradients of climate,soil and plant functional type in China[J].Ecol Lett,2011,14(8):788-796
22 Reich PB,Oleksyn J.Global patterns of plant leaf N and P in relation to temperature and latitude[J].PNAS,2004,101(30):11001-11006
23 Song ZL,Liu HY,Zhao FJ,Xu CY.Ecological stoichiometry of N:P:Si in China’s grasslands[J].Plant Soil,2014,380(1-2):165-179
24 David A.Wardle,Lawrence R.Walker,Richard D.Bardgett.Ecosystem properties and forest decline in contrasting long-term chronosequences[J].Science,2004,305(5683):509-513
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