苦草对水-底泥-沉水植物系统中藻类生长的影响
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摘要
通过室内模拟水-底泥-沉水植物(苦草)生态系统,进行苦草作用下水体中藻类Chl. a及水质因子的观测,并采用方差分析及主因子识别法分析苦草对藻类生长的影响。研究结果表明:苦草的存在使系统间藻类的生长存在显著性差异(P=0. 0162),苦草组中藻类生长的主因子为溶解氧(DO)、总磷(TP)和总氮(TN);苦草具有良好的去氮除磷效果,实验结束时,TP和TN分别降低了47. 62%和65. 54%;实验10 d后,苦草的分泌物达到一定浓度,表现出明显的化感作用,具体的作用浓度阈值还需进一步研究。
A lab simulation of water-sediment-submerged macrophytes( Vallisneria natans) ecosystem has been built to observe and monitor algae's chlorophyll a and other water quality factors under the function of Vallisneria natans,and the effect on algal growth was analyzed by analysis of variance and controlling factor identification. Experimental results showed that:Vallisneria natans made algal growth significantly different among the ecosystems( P = 0. 0162),and DO,TP and TN were the controlling factors for algal growth in ecosystems with Vallisneria natans; Vallisneria natans effectively removed phosphorus and Nitrogen,with the decrease of TP and TN of 47. 62% and 65. 54% respectively at the end of the experiment; there was a significant allelopathy effect when the secretions of Vallisneria natans reached a certain concentration in 10 days,but the specific action concentration threshold still needed further study.
A lab simulation of water-sediment-submerged macrophytes( Vallisneria natans) ecosystem has been built to observe and monitor algae's chlorophyll a and other water quality factors under the function of Vallisneria natans,and the effect on algal growth was analyzed by analysis of variance and controlling factor identification. Experimental results showed that:Vallisneria natans made algal growth significantly different among the ecosystems( P = 0. 0162),and DO,TP and TN were the controlling factors for algal growth in ecosystems with Vallisneria natans; Vallisneria natans effectively removed phosphorus and Nitrogen,with the decrease of TP and TN of 47. 62% and 65. 54% respectively at the end of the experiment; there was a significant allelopathy effect when the secretions of Vallisneria natans reached a certain concentration in 10 days,but the specific action concentration threshold still needed further study.
引文
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[21]陈卫民,张清敏,戴树桂.苦草与铜绿微囊藻的相互化感作用[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(2):147-151.
[22]高云霓,刘碧云,王静,等.苦草(Vallisneria spiralis)释放的酚酸类物质对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)的化感作用[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(5):761-766.
[23] Nakai S,Inoue Y,Hosomi M. Algal growth inhibition effects and inducement modes by plant-producing phenols[J]. Water Research,2001,35(7):1855-1859.
[2]唐静杰,周青.湖泊富营养化的生态修复研究进展[J].生态经济(学术版),2008(2):290-293.
[3]秦伯强,许海,董百丽.富营养化湖泊治理的理论与实践[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2011.
[4] Hilt S,Gross E M,Hupfer M,et al. Restoration of submerged vegetation in shallow eutrophic lakes:a guideline and state of the art in Germany[J]. Limnologica,2006,36(3):155-171.
[5]张来甲,叶春,李春华,等.不同生物量苦草在生命周期的不同阶段对水体水质的影响[J].中国环境科学,2013,33(11):2053-2061.
[6]葛绪广,王国祥,陈成忠,等.苦草生长对沉积物中磷迁移转化的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(20):5802-5811.
[7] Elisabeth M. Gross. Taylor&Francis Online:allelopathy of aquatic autotrophs-critical reviews in plant sciences[J]. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,2003,22(3/4).
[8] Donk E V,Bund W J V D. Impact of submerged macrophytes including charophytes on phyto-and zooplankton communities:allelopathy versus other mechanisms[J]. Aquatic Botany,2002,72(3):261-274.
[9]张彬,郭劲松,方芳,等.植物化感抑藻的作用机理[J].生态学杂志,2010,29(9):1846-1851.
[10]国家环境保护总局水和废水监测分析方法编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M]. 4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002.
[11]薛薇.统计分析与SPSS的应用[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2014.
[12]赵军,章更生,周梅荣.苦草的生物学特性及其利用[J].中国水产,2001(4):38-39.
[13]武海涛,吕宪国,杨青,等.三江平原典型湿地枯落物早期分解过程及影响因素[J].生态学报,2007,27(10):4027-4035.
[14]石文平,朱佳,张朝升,等.水库浅水区底泥营养物质释放与藻类生长关系研究[J].环境工程,2015,33(5):75-80.
[15]陈秋敏,王国祥,葛绪广,等.沉水植物苦草对上覆水各形态磷浓度的影响[J].水资源保护,2010,26(4):49-52.
[16]王立志,王国祥,俞振飞,等.苦草(Vallisneria natans)生长期对沉积物磷形态及迁移的影响[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(5):753-760.
[17]周易勇,李建秋,张敏.湿地中碱性磷酸酶的动力学特征与水生植物的关系[J].湖泊科学,2002,14(2):134-138.
[18]孔祥龙,叶春,李春华,等.苦草对水-底泥-沉水植物系统中氮素迁移转化的影响[J].中国环境科学,2015,35(2):539-549.
[19]徐昇.苦草氮吸收及其对湖水氮含量的影响[D].广州:暨南大学,2012.
[20]童昌华,杨肖娥,濮培民.富营养化水体的水生植物净化试验研究[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(8):1447-1450.
[21]陈卫民,张清敏,戴树桂.苦草与铜绿微囊藻的相互化感作用[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(2):147-151.
[22]高云霓,刘碧云,王静,等.苦草(Vallisneria spiralis)释放的酚酸类物质对铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)的化感作用[J].湖泊科学,2011,23(5):761-766.
[23] Nakai S,Inoue Y,Hosomi M. Algal growth inhibition effects and inducement modes by plant-producing phenols[J]. Water Research,2001,35(7):1855-1859.
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