内蒙古黄土高原秸秆还田对土壤养分特性及玉米产量的影响

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英文篇名：Effects of straw mulching on soil nutrient characteristics and maize yield in loess plateau of Inner Mongolia 作者：高日平 ; 赵思华 ; 高宇 ; 韩云飞 ; 任永峰 ; 赵沛义 英文作者：GAO Riping;ZHAO Sihua;GAO Yu;HAN Yunfei;REN Yongfeng;ZHAO Peiyi;College of Agriculture,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University;Institute of Resources,Environment and Testing Technology,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences;Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dry Farming Agriculture;Inner Mongolia Cultivated Land Conservation Scientific Observation and Experiment Station,Ministry of Agriculture and Villages;Hohhot No.2 Middle School; 关键词：黄土高原 ; 秸秆还田 ; 玉米 ; 土壤养分 ; 产量 英文关键词：Loess plateau;;Returning straw to field;;Maize;;Soil nutrients;;Yield 中文刊名：北方农业学报 英文刊名：Journal of Northern Agriculture 机构：内蒙古农业大学农学院;内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所;内蒙古旱作农业重点实验室;农业农村部内蒙古耕地保育科学观测实验站;呼和浩特市第二中学; 出版日期：2019-09-26 13:20 出版单位：北方农业学报 年：2019 期：04 基金：国家“十二五”科技支撑项目(2015BAD22B01);; 内蒙古农牧业科技创新基金项目(CXJJ2017N12);; 内蒙古科技计划项目(20170218);; 国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0800803,2018YFD0800806) 语种：中文; 页：56-60 页数：5 CN：15-1375/S ISSN：2096-1197 分类号：S141.4;S513

摘要

针对内蒙古黄土高原地区秸秆资源利用不合理、利用率低等实际问题,在清水河县进行秸秆直接还田小区试验,探究0,3 000,6 000,12 000 kg/hm2秸秆还田量下土壤有机质、全量养分、速效养分及产量变化规律,旨在明确秸秆还田对该区域玉米农田土壤养分提升及作物产量的影响。结果表明:秸秆还田促进了土壤有机质和全氮、全磷、全钾含量提升,减缓了土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾的消耗;在产量方面,3 000,6 000,12 000 kg/hm2生物产量和籽粒产量分别较对照提高9.3%,13.1%,10.1%和8.5%,11.4%,9.3%。不同秸秆还田量对土壤养分影响显著,秸秆还田可培肥土壤和提高作物产量,其中以6 000 kg/hm2还田措施效果最好,可作为一种提质增效栽培模式在内蒙古黄土高原推广应用。
        In view of the actual problem in the loess plateau region of Inner Mongolia such as unreasonable straw resource utilization and low utilization ratio,straw returning directly plot test in Qingshuihe was carried out.Under the probe into0,3 000,6 000,12 000 kg/hm2 returning the amount of soil organic matter,the total amount of nutrients,the available nutrient and the yield change rule were studied,to clear straw returned to the effect of maize farmland soil nutrient and crop yield.The results showed that different straw mulching quantities had significant effects on soil nutrients.The straw mulching increased the content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium,and slowed down the consumption of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium.The biological yield and grain yield of 3 000,6 000,12 000 kg/hm2 were increased by 9.3%,13.1%,10.1% and 8.5%,11.4%,9.3%,respectively,compared with control.In conclusion,straw mulching can enrich soil and improve crop yield,and 6 000 kg/hm2 has the best effect,which can be used as a cultivation mode to improve the quality and efficiency in the loess plateau of Inner Mongolia.

引文

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