典型近岸工程海域重金属Pb多相介质富集特性研究
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摘要
以曹妃甸近岸工程海域的悬浮物及重金属污染物Pb为主要研究对象,采用趋势分析和多元统计相关分析方法,研究分析了6 a间悬浮物(水体中的悬浮物含量)、水相中的Pb含量和沉积相中的Pb含量的变化趋势及其相关关系,揭示重金属Pb在人为扰动因素影响下的演变规律与富集特性。趋势分析结果表明:随着悬浮物的增加与减少,研究区域水相中的Pb含量呈现出基本相同的增减规律,而沉积相中的Pb含量则呈现出相反的趋势。简单相关分析结果表明:悬浮物与水相之间呈较弱的正相关,悬浮物和沉积相之间呈较强的负相关,水相和沉积相之间呈较弱的负相关。偏相关与简单相关结果对比可知:水相和沉积相的变化最大,表明水相和沉积相受悬浮物影响较大;沉积相对悬浮物与水相之间的相关性影响弱之;悬浮物与沉积相之间的相关性变化不大,表明水相对于两者的影响较小。通过研究对于掌握工程海域重金属Pb的各相变化趋势与富集特性,具有重要的研究价值和实际意义,为近岸海域环境管理与工程建设提供指导。
In this paper,focusing on the suspended matter(in water),water(Pb in water) and sedimentary(Pb in sediment) phases of Pb in the Caofeidian offshore engineering marine,trend analysis and multivariate statistical correlation analysis method is proposed for analyzing the trend and correlation among the suspended matter,water and sedimentary phases of six years.The aim is to reveal the evolution law and enrichment characteristics of Pb under the influence of artificial disturbance factors.Trend analysis results show that with the increase and decrease of suspended matter,the water phase presents the basic same regularity,but the sedimentary phase is showing the opposite trend.Simple correlation analysis results show that the suspended matter was weak positive correlation with the water phase,suspended matter was a strong negative correlation with sedimentary phase,and a weak negative correlation existed between water and sedimentary phase.Compared with simple correlation,partial correlation results show that the correlation change of water and sedimentary phase is the biggest,that is to say,the water and sedimentary phase is greatly influenced by suspended matter.The correlation change of suspended matter and water phase is lower than the correlation change of water and sedimentary phase.The suspended matter and sedimentary phase is weakly influenced by water phase,owing to the small correlation change.The multi-phase change trend and correlation research of Pb has important practical significance to provide the guidance for nearshore environmental management and engineering construction.
In this paper,focusing on the suspended matter(in water),water(Pb in water) and sedimentary(Pb in sediment) phases of Pb in the Caofeidian offshore engineering marine,trend analysis and multivariate statistical correlation analysis method is proposed for analyzing the trend and correlation among the suspended matter,water and sedimentary phases of six years.The aim is to reveal the evolution law and enrichment characteristics of Pb under the influence of artificial disturbance factors.Trend analysis results show that with the increase and decrease of suspended matter,the water phase presents the basic same regularity,but the sedimentary phase is showing the opposite trend.Simple correlation analysis results show that the suspended matter was weak positive correlation with the water phase,suspended matter was a strong negative correlation with sedimentary phase,and a weak negative correlation existed between water and sedimentary phase.Compared with simple correlation,partial correlation results show that the correlation change of water and sedimentary phase is the biggest,that is to say,the water and sedimentary phase is greatly influenced by suspended matter.The correlation change of suspended matter and water phase is lower than the correlation change of water and sedimentary phase.The suspended matter and sedimentary phase is weakly influenced by water phase,owing to the small correlation change.The multi-phase change trend and correlation research of Pb has important practical significance to provide the guidance for nearshore environmental management and engineering construction.
引文
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[3] 刘金虎.莱州湾多相介质重金属污染特征及其在食物链(网)的传递与生物放大作用[D].青岛:中国科学院研究生院(海洋研究所),2013.
[4] 乔永民,黄长江,赵建刚.粤东柘林湾沉积物重金属富集特征与环境质量评价[J].海洋环境科学,2010,29(3):324-327.
[5] 陈水蓉.趋势分析在水质管理中的应用研究[D].天津:天津师范大学,2012.
[6] 蔺学东,张镱锂,姚治君,等.拉萨河流域近50年来径流变化趋势分析[J].地理科学进展,2007,26(3):58-67.
[7] 孙逸敏.利用SPSS软件分析变量间的相关性[J].新疆教育学院学报,2007,23(2):120-123.
[8] BOX G E P,JENKINS G M,REINSEL G C.时间序列分析:预测与控制[M].顾岚,范金城,译.北京:中国统计出版社,1997.
[9] 桑燕芳,王栋,吴吉春,等.水文时间序列小波互相关分析方法[J].水利学报,2010,41(11):1272-1279.
[10] 尹延鸿.对河北唐山曹妃甸浅滩大面积填海的思考[J].海洋地质动态,2007,23(3):1-10.
[11] 2014年河北省海洋环境状况公报[R].石家庄:河北省海洋局,2015.
[12] GB 17378-2007,海洋监测规范[S].
[13] GB/T 12763-2007,海洋调查规范[S].
[14] GB 17378-1998,海洋监测规范[S].
[15] 宋萌勃,黄锦鑫.水文时间序列趋势分析方法初探[J].长江工程职业技术学院学报,2007,24(4):35-37.
[16] 徐桂荣,万卫星,宁百齐.用偏相关分析电离层NmF2与低层大气等压面高度的相关性[J].科学通报,2007,52(9):1069-1074.
[17] 任福栋,张宏烈,孙景峰,等.简单相关分析与偏相关分析在高考成绩相关性分析中的对比研究[J].高师理科学刊,2014,34(2):24-27.
[18] 吴越,杨文波,王琳,等.曹妃甸填海造地时空分布遥感监测及其影响初步研究[J].海洋湖沼通报,2013(1):153-158.
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