京津冀地区水生态风险及对策建议
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摘要
京津冀地区自然资源匮乏、生态环境脆弱,该地区自然资源禀赋与区域经济社会发展存在严重冲突。京津冀人均水资源量约239 m~3,仅占全国平均水平的1/9,属于资源型严重缺水地区。近年来,京津冀降水量逐年减少,降水量持续下降进一步加剧了该地区的水资源短缺,未来将长期面临水生态危机。通过研究认为,人类高强度活动是区域水生态问题的主导因素,应着重从转变用水方式、提高全社会用水效率,提升水源涵养能力、提高区域生态承载力,加强水污染治理、开展海洋及海岸带保护修复等方面入手,做好京津冀区域水生态环境保护。
There is a serious conflict between natural resource endowment and economic and social development need in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei region. The average amount of water per person in the area is 239 cubic meters,which is 1/9 of the national average and seriously below the internationally recognized level of severe water shortage. In recent years,the precipitation of all monitoring stations has been decreasing year by year,and the continuous decline of precipitation has further exacerbated the water shortage. A long-term water ecological crisis is foreseen in the future. It is suggested that the regional ecological carrying capacity should be enhanced by means of improving the capacity of water conservation and changing the way of water consumption,etc. in order to protect the ecological environment in that region.
There is a serious conflict between natural resource endowment and economic and social development need in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei region. The average amount of water per person in the area is 239 cubic meters,which is 1/9 of the national average and seriously below the internationally recognized level of severe water shortage. In recent years,the precipitation of all monitoring stations has been decreasing year by year,and the continuous decline of precipitation has further exacerbated the water shortage. A long-term water ecological crisis is foreseen in the future. It is suggested that the regional ecological carrying capacity should be enhanced by means of improving the capacity of water conservation and changing the way of water consumption,etc. in order to protect the ecological environment in that region.
引文
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[3]王金南,严刚,姜克隽,等.应对气候变化的中国碳税政策研究[J].中国环境科学,2009,29(1):101-105.
[4]何永,赵丹,贺健.京津冀区域生态环境问题及其城乡规划对策[J].城市与区域规划研究,2015,7(3):66-86.
[5]许开鹏,王晶晶,迟妍妍,等.基于主体功能区的环境红线管控体系初探[J].环境保护,2015(12):31-34.
[6]李英华,崔保山,杨志峰.白洋淀水文特征变化对湿地生态环境的影响[J].自然资源学报,2004,19(1):62-68.
[7]杨泽凡,胡鹏,赵勇,等.新区建设背景下白洋淀及入淀河流生态需水评价和保障措施研究[J].中国水利水电科学研究院学报,2018,16(6):563-570.
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[10]卢熠蕾,孙傅,曾思育,等.基于适水发展分区的京津冀精细化水管理对策[J].环境影响评价,2018,40(5):34-38.
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