双辽市地下水化学特征及成因分析
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摘要
为了研究双辽市地下水化学特征及成因,采集了双辽市82个地下水潜水样品,检测分析了地下水主要组分。运用描述性统计分析、Piper三线图、相关性分析、离子相关关系、Gibbs图等方法对双辽市地下水化学特征及成因进行了分析,揭示了地下水水化学特征的变化规律。结果表明:双辽市地下水pH平均值为7.60,呈弱碱性,TDS均值837.75 mg/L,其中有55个水样为淡水,占总数的67.07%,其余为微咸水,沿地下水流方向,TDS逐渐增大;地下水中主要的阴阳离子为HCO_3~-、Ca~(2+);地下水水化学类型以HCO_3-Ca型为主,其次为HCO_3-Ca·Mg型;沿地下水水流方向,东辽河流域地下水化学类型主要从HCO_3-Ca型向HCO_3·SO_4-Ca型演化,西辽河流域地下水化学类型主要从HCO_3-Ca型向HCO_3-Ca·Mg型和HCO_3-Ca·Na型演化;在地下水补给区,水文地球化学作用以风化溶滤作用为主,在地下水径流—排泄区水文地球化学作用以蒸发浓缩作用和阳离子交换作用为主。
To study the chemical characteristics and genesis of groundwater in Shuangliao City, 82 phreatic water samples are collected, and the main components of groundwater are detected and analyzed. Descriptive statistical analysis, Piper, correlation analysis, ion correlation method, Gibbs diagram are used to analyze the chemical characteristics and genesis of groundwater in Shuangliao City, revealing the variation law of groundwater hydrochemical characteristics. The result shows that the average pH of phreatic water is 7.60 in Shuangliao City, which is weakly alkaline. The average value of TDS is 837.75 mg/L. 55 phreatic water samples, 67.07% of the total are fresh water, while the remainder is brackish water. The TDS is gradually increasing along the direction of groundwater flow. HCO~-_3 and Ca~(2+) are major ions in groundwater. The groundwater hydrochemical type is given priority to with HCO_3-Ca type, then HCO_3-Ca·Mg type. Along the direction of groundwater flow, the groundwater chemical types evolved from HCO_3-Ca to HCO_3·SO_4-Ca in the Dongliao River Basin, which evolved from HCO_3-Ca to HCO_3-Ca·Mg and HCO_3-Ca·Na in the Xiliao River Basin. The hydrogeochemistry is mainly from weathering and dissolving filtration in the recharge area of groundwater to evaporation concentration and cation exchange in the runoff-discharge area of groundwater.
To study the chemical characteristics and genesis of groundwater in Shuangliao City, 82 phreatic water samples are collected, and the main components of groundwater are detected and analyzed. Descriptive statistical analysis, Piper, correlation analysis, ion correlation method, Gibbs diagram are used to analyze the chemical characteristics and genesis of groundwater in Shuangliao City, revealing the variation law of groundwater hydrochemical characteristics. The result shows that the average pH of phreatic water is 7.60 in Shuangliao City, which is weakly alkaline. The average value of TDS is 837.75 mg/L. 55 phreatic water samples, 67.07% of the total are fresh water, while the remainder is brackish water. The TDS is gradually increasing along the direction of groundwater flow. HCO~-_3 and Ca~(2+) are major ions in groundwater. The groundwater hydrochemical type is given priority to with HCO_3-Ca type, then HCO_3-Ca·Mg type. Along the direction of groundwater flow, the groundwater chemical types evolved from HCO_3-Ca to HCO_3·SO_4-Ca in the Dongliao River Basin, which evolved from HCO_3-Ca to HCO_3-Ca·Mg and HCO_3-Ca·Na in the Xiliao River Basin. The hydrogeochemistry is mainly from weathering and dissolving filtration in the recharge area of groundwater to evaporation concentration and cation exchange in the runoff-discharge area of groundwater.
引文
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[2] RAMSIS B S, CLAUS J O, ROBERT W F. Contributions of groundwater conditions to soil and water salinization[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 1999(7):46- 64.
[3] 霍吉祥,李子阳,马福恒,等.李家峡水电站坝址环境水化学特征与演变[J].水文地质工程地质,2018,45(1):1- 7.
[4] 左禹政,安艳玲,吴起鑫,等.贵州省都柳江流域水化学特征研究[J].中国环境科学,2017,37(7):2684- 2690.
[5] 王宝春,贾涛,刚什婷,等.蛤蟆通流域浅层地下水水文地球化学特征分析[J].人民长江,2017,48(16):43- 48.
[6] 邢世平,胡友彪,吴亚萍,等.丰予井田地下水化学特征分析及意义[J].煤田地质与勘探,2017,45(4):85- 93.
[7] 姜体胜,曲辞晓,王明玉,等.北京平谷平原区浅层地下水化学特征及成因分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(11):122- 127.
[8] 寇永朝,华琨,李洲,等.泾河支流地表水地下水的水化学特征及其控制因素[J].环境科学,2018,39(7):3142- 3149.
[9] 张振国,何江涛,王磊,等.衡水地区深层地下水水化学特征及其演化过程[J].现代地质,2018,32(3):565- 573.
[10] 龚星,陈植华,罗朝晖.罗河铁矿水文地球化学特征及成因[J].地球科学(中国地质大学学报),2014,39(3):293- 302.
[11] 章光新,邓伟,何岩,等.中国东北松嫩平原地下水水化学特征与演变规律[J].水科学进展,2006,17(1):20- 28.
[12] 吴春勇,苏小四,郭金淼,等.鄂尔多斯沙漠高原白垩系地下水水化学演化的多元统计分析[J].世界地质,2011,30(2):244- 253.
[13] GIBBS R J. Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry[J]. Science,1970,170(3962):1088- 1090.
[14] FETH J H, GIBBS R J. Mechanisms controlling world water chemistry: Evaporation-crystallization process[J]. Science,1971,172(3985):870- 872.
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