我国农村地区饮用水水质现状与保障措施
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摘要
随着我国社会主义新农村建设的进行,我国农村地区各项用水量急剧增加,对供水水质的要求也逐年提高,而农村地区天然水体的污染程度又较为严重且呈逐渐恶化态势,造成我国农村地区的饮用水安全问题日益突出。文中以农村地区居民的供水为主线,全面深入地分析了我国农村地区饮用水水质现状及饮水安全方面存在的问题,并提出了相应的解决方法和保障策略。
Water consumption in rural areas of china has been increased sharply due to the development of new socialist countryside,furthermore,the requirements for drinking water quality are gradually improved.However,drinking water safety has become a critical issue owing to the serious water pollution in most rural areas.In the paper,on the basis of the social cycle of water,comprehensive and deep analysis of current status for drinking water quality in rural areas of China as well as drinking water safety is conducted,and corresponding solutions and guarantee strategies are also put forward.
Water consumption in rural areas of china has been increased sharply due to the development of new socialist countryside,furthermore,the requirements for drinking water quality are gradually improved.However,drinking water safety has become a critical issue owing to the serious water pollution in most rural areas.In the paper,on the basis of the social cycle of water,comprehensive and deep analysis of current status for drinking water quality in rural areas of China as well as drinking water safety is conducted,and corresponding solutions and guarantee strategies are also put forward.
引文
[1]邓慧萍.国家“水专项”研究课题—一华东河网地区县镇饮用水安全保障技术研究与示范[J].建设科技,2011(1):65-67.
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[7]张广纳,邵景安,王金亮,等.三峡库区重庆段农村面源污染时空格局演变特征[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(7):1197-1209.
[8]刘玉灿,段晋明,李伟.溶液pH值对二嗪磷紫外光降解产物及降解途径的影响[J].化学学报,2015,73(11):1196-1202.
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[11]徐建军,徐迎春,王松松,等.烟台市农村地区集中式生活饮用水硝酸盐污染现状[J].环境与职业医学,2017,34(12):1072-1075.
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[13]王浩.我国近半农户已实施卫生厕所改造[J].农村百事通,2018(24):14-14.
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[15]夏岩,宋海亮,朱光灿,等.长距离输水管网中DBPs生成分布规律及管网微生物的多样性[J].净水技术,2017,36(12):13-21.
[16]刘小琳,刘文君,金丽燕,等.北京市模拟给水管网管壁微生物膜群落分析[J].环境科学,2008(5):1170-1174.
[17]王松松,徐迎春,徐建军,等. 2012-2015年烟台市农村饮用水水质监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(18):3440-3443.
[18]张正德,张珏靓,李树平,等.城乡一体化供水特点与实践[J].给水排水,2018,54(12):17-20.
[19]DENG D X,LIU K G,ZHOU X.Rich water flow,live water revitalizes the countryside-rural water resources utilization design under the rural revitalization strategy[C].EDP Sciences:E3S Web of Conferences,2019.
[20]赵芳,贾小梅,李冬.日本农村污水治理经验中国实施乡村振兴战略的借鉴[J].世界环境,2018(2):19-23.
[21]张晓健.农村饮水的水质安全要求与水质保障技术[J].给水排水,2009,45(6):1-3.
[22]YU X,GENG Y,HECK P,et al.A review of China's rural water management[J].Sustainability,2015,7(5):5773-5792.
[23]曹金鑫,杨树涛.农村饮用水现状评价与对策方法研究[J].城市道桥与防洪,2011(10):66-68.
[24]项周梅.农村饮用水管理的几点思考[J].水利科技与经济,2009,15(3):224-224.
[25]SHUKLA A K,OJHA C S P,MIJIC A,et al.Population growth,land use and land cover transformations,and water quality nexus in the Upper Ganga River basin[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2018,22(9):4745-770.
[26]国务院.国务院关于印发水污染防治行动计划的通知[N/OL].中国政府网(2015-04-02).http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2015/content_2853604.htm.
[27]刘晓星,陈乐.“河长制”:破解中国水污染治理困局[J].环境保护,2009(9):18-20.
[28]吴鹏.生态修复法制初探——基于生态文明社会建设的需要[J].河北法学,2013,31(5):170-176.
[29]段红东.全面推行河长制工作中期评估情况与河长制湖长制总结评估框架设计[J].中国水利,2018(12):8-13.
[30]刘熙宇,隋昊原,姜明栋,等.河长制下江苏农村水生态文明建设探讨[J].人民珠江,2019,40(2):70-74.
[31]许策,李晔,束继年,等.汉江流域荆门段面源污染负荷时空分布与污染现状评价[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):63-68.
[32]刘玉灿.水中十种卤乙酸GC-MS/MS检测方法及强化混凝对城市污水处理厂二沉池出水中卤乙酸生成势的影响[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2013.
[33]LIU Y C,DUAN J M,LI W,et al.Determination of volatile disinfection byproducts in water by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry[J].Analytical Letters,2015,48(1):188-203.
[34]刘晓聪,邓慧萍,潘若平,等.混凝/PAC/超滤工艺去除水中天然有机物的研究[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(9):59-61.
[35]薛琦,朱光灿,戴小冬,等.臭氧-生物活性炭工艺对微污染长江原水中有机物的去除特性[J].净水技术,2015,34(4):36-41.
[36]宣雍祺,周丽,邓慧萍,等.生物粉末活性炭-超滤组合工艺对微污染水源水中嗅味物质的去除效能及其微生物特性[J].环境科学,2016,37(10):3864-3869.
[37]水利部发展研究中心调研组.典型农村饮用水水源地保护实践和经验[J].水利发展研究,2018,18(2):4-7.
[2]WU L,QI T,LI D,et al.Current status,problems and control strategies of water resources pollution in China[J].Water Policy,2015,17(3):423-440.
[3]赵静.尽快实施农村饮用水安全提升工程[J].中国人大,2017(4):43-43.
[4]任伯帜,邓仁建.农村饮用水安全及其对策措施[J].中国安全科学学报,2008,18(5):11-17.
[5]HAN D,CURRELL M J,CAO G.Deep challenges for China's war on water pollution[J].Environmental Pollution,2016(11):1222-1233.
[6]龚久平,李燕,洪云菊,等.重庆市农村饮用水安全现状与对策[J].西南农业学报,2011,24(3):1184-1187.
[7]张广纳,邵景安,王金亮,等.三峡库区重庆段农村面源污染时空格局演变特征[J].自然资源学报,2015,30(7):1197-1209.
[8]刘玉灿,段晋明,李伟.溶液pH值对二嗪磷紫外光降解产物及降解途径的影响[J].化学学报,2015,73(11):1196-1202.
[9]侯黄鹂.农村水污染问题初探[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2016.
[10]刘洪超,张楠,杨路华,等.我国农村水利建设现状差异分析及发展趋势研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2016(4):103-106.
[11]徐建军,徐迎春,王松松,等.烟台市农村地区集中式生活饮用水硝酸盐污染现状[J].环境与职业医学,2017,34(12):1072-1075.
[12]李琪光.论农村饮用水存在的问题及对策[J].北方环境,2011,23(9):2-2.
[13]王浩.我国近半农户已实施卫生厕所改造[J].农村百事通,2018(24):14-14.
[14]CHENG S,LI Z,UDDIN S M N,et al.Toilet revolution in China[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2018(6):347-356.
[15]夏岩,宋海亮,朱光灿,等.长距离输水管网中DBPs生成分布规律及管网微生物的多样性[J].净水技术,2017,36(12):13-21.
[16]刘小琳,刘文君,金丽燕,等.北京市模拟给水管网管壁微生物膜群落分析[J].环境科学,2008(5):1170-1174.
[17]王松松,徐迎春,徐建军,等. 2012-2015年烟台市农村饮用水水质监测结果分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(18):3440-3443.
[18]张正德,张珏靓,李树平,等.城乡一体化供水特点与实践[J].给水排水,2018,54(12):17-20.
[19]DENG D X,LIU K G,ZHOU X.Rich water flow,live water revitalizes the countryside-rural water resources utilization design under the rural revitalization strategy[C].EDP Sciences:E3S Web of Conferences,2019.
[20]赵芳,贾小梅,李冬.日本农村污水治理经验中国实施乡村振兴战略的借鉴[J].世界环境,2018(2):19-23.
[21]张晓健.农村饮水的水质安全要求与水质保障技术[J].给水排水,2009,45(6):1-3.
[22]YU X,GENG Y,HECK P,et al.A review of China's rural water management[J].Sustainability,2015,7(5):5773-5792.
[23]曹金鑫,杨树涛.农村饮用水现状评价与对策方法研究[J].城市道桥与防洪,2011(10):66-68.
[24]项周梅.农村饮用水管理的几点思考[J].水利科技与经济,2009,15(3):224-224.
[25]SHUKLA A K,OJHA C S P,MIJIC A,et al.Population growth,land use and land cover transformations,and water quality nexus in the Upper Ganga River basin[J].Hydrology and Earth System Sciences,2018,22(9):4745-770.
[26]国务院.国务院关于印发水污染防治行动计划的通知[N/OL].中国政府网(2015-04-02).http://www.gov.cn/gongbao/content/2015/content_2853604.htm.
[27]刘晓星,陈乐.“河长制”:破解中国水污染治理困局[J].环境保护,2009(9):18-20.
[28]吴鹏.生态修复法制初探——基于生态文明社会建设的需要[J].河北法学,2013,31(5):170-176.
[29]段红东.全面推行河长制工作中期评估情况与河长制湖长制总结评估框架设计[J].中国水利,2018(12):8-13.
[30]刘熙宇,隋昊原,姜明栋,等.河长制下江苏农村水生态文明建设探讨[J].人民珠江,2019,40(2):70-74.
[31]许策,李晔,束继年,等.汉江流域荆门段面源污染负荷时空分布与污染现状评价[J].水土保持通报,2017,37(4):63-68.
[32]刘玉灿.水中十种卤乙酸GC-MS/MS检测方法及强化混凝对城市污水处理厂二沉池出水中卤乙酸生成势的影响[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2013.
[33]LIU Y C,DUAN J M,LI W,et al.Determination of volatile disinfection byproducts in water by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry[J].Analytical Letters,2015,48(1):188-203.
[34]刘晓聪,邓慧萍,潘若平,等.混凝/PAC/超滤工艺去除水中天然有机物的研究[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(9):59-61.
[35]薛琦,朱光灿,戴小冬,等.臭氧-生物活性炭工艺对微污染长江原水中有机物的去除特性[J].净水技术,2015,34(4):36-41.
[36]宣雍祺,周丽,邓慧萍,等.生物粉末活性炭-超滤组合工艺对微污染水源水中嗅味物质的去除效能及其微生物特性[J].环境科学,2016,37(10):3864-3869.
[37]水利部发展研究中心调研组.典型农村饮用水水源地保护实践和经验[J].水利发展研究,2018,18(2):4-7.
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