综采工作面水力压裂顶板控制技术研究
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摘要
为解决综采工作面基本顶难垮落且垮落步距大的问题,根据魏墙煤矿1307工作面地质条件,采用水力压裂技术进行水力压裂现场试验研究。探讨了工作面顶板垮落情况和初次来压步距,研究结果表明:压裂后,顶板围岩破碎度及裂隙发育明显扩大,压裂破坏了顶板围岩的完整性,有效弱化了顶板岩层;根据支架初撑力和工作阻力连续监测可以得出压裂后工作面基本顶初次垮落平均步距为44.5 m,与预裂爆破强制放顶相比,来压步距减少约8.0 m。水力压裂控制顶板技术具有工程量小,安全性高,施工速度快和控顶效果好等特点,能够有效解决综采工作面坚硬顶板基本顶初次垮落步距大、支架压力大等问题,实现矿井安全高效开采。
In order to solve the problem that the basic top of the fully mechanized mining face is difficult to fall and the step size is large,this paper used the hydraulic fracturing technology to carry out the hydraulic fracturing field test research according to the geological conditions of NO.1307 working face of the Weiqiang Coal Mine. This paper discussed the collapse of the top surface of the working face and the initial pressure step. The results showed that after fracture,the fracture degree and crack development of the surrounding rock of the roof were obviously expanded,and the fracturing destroyed the integrity of the surrounding rock of the roof and effectively weakened the roof rock. The continued monitoring of the powered support working resistance showed that after the fracturing operation,the primary falling span of the main roof in the coal mining face was 44.5 m and 8.0 m was reduced compared with the prefabricated blasting forced roof caving. The primary roof falling technology of the fully-mechanized top coal caving mining face with the hydraulic fracturing control would have a small engineering workload,high safety,fast construction speed,good roof control effect and other features and could effectively solve the long primary falling span of the main roof and the high powered support pressure of the fully mechanized top coal caving mining face with the hard roof. It can realize the effective and safe mining.
In order to solve the problem that the basic top of the fully mechanized mining face is difficult to fall and the step size is large,this paper used the hydraulic fracturing technology to carry out the hydraulic fracturing field test research according to the geological conditions of NO.1307 working face of the Weiqiang Coal Mine. This paper discussed the collapse of the top surface of the working face and the initial pressure step. The results showed that after fracture,the fracture degree and crack development of the surrounding rock of the roof were obviously expanded,and the fracturing destroyed the integrity of the surrounding rock of the roof and effectively weakened the roof rock. The continued monitoring of the powered support working resistance showed that after the fracturing operation,the primary falling span of the main roof in the coal mining face was 44.5 m and 8.0 m was reduced compared with the prefabricated blasting forced roof caving. The primary roof falling technology of the fully-mechanized top coal caving mining face with the hydraulic fracturing control would have a small engineering workload,high safety,fast construction speed,good roof control effect and other features and could effectively solve the long primary falling span of the main roof and the high powered support pressure of the fully mechanized top coal caving mining face with the hard roof. It can realize the effective and safe mining.
引文
[1]冯彦军,康红普.定向水力压裂控制煤矿坚硬难垮顶板试验[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,31(6):1148-1155.FENG Yanjun,KANG Hongpu.Test on hard and stable roof control by means of directional hydraulic fracturing in coal mine[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,31(6):1148-1155.
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[3]于斌.大同矿区综采40a开采技术研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(11):1772-1777.YU Bin. Study on fully mechanized coal mining technology in passed 40 years in Datong mining area[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(11):1772-1777.
[4]范屹东.定向水力压裂技术在7806开切眼的应用[J].煤,2012,21(12):16-17,33.FAN Yidong. Application of directional hydraulic fracturing technology in 7806 open off cut[J].Coal,2012,21(12):16-17,33.
[5]熊仁钦.顶板大面积来压破坏机理的研究[J].煤炭学报,1995,20(1):38-41.XIONG Renqin. Investigation of mechanism of roof failure due to weighting over great extent[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,1995,20(1):38-41.
[6]许家林,鞠金峰.特大采高综采面关键层结构形态及其对矿压显现的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(8):1547-1556.XU Jialin,JU Jinfeng.Structural morphology of key stratum and its influence on strata behaviors in fully-mechanized face with superlarge mining height[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(8):1547-1556.
[7]张宏伟,周坤友,荣海,等.浅埋深大采高工作面矿压显现及支架适应性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(4):20-25.ZHANG Hongwei,ZHOU Kunyou,RONG Hai,et al. Study on mine strata behaviors and powered support suitability ofhigh cutting coal mining face with shallow mining depth[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(4):20-25.
[8]鞠金峰,许家林,朱卫兵,等.神东矿区近距离煤层出一侧采空煤柱压架机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(7):1321-1330.JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing,et al. Mechanism of support crushing while mining out of upper goaf-side coal pillar in closed distance seams of Shendong mining area[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(7):1321-1330.
[9]张杰.浅埋煤层顶板深孔预爆强制初放研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(3):339-343.ZHANG Jie.Study on forced roof caving to hard roof by deep-hole pre-blasting in shallow coal seam[J]. Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(3):339-343.
[10]薛德平,赵杰,冯宇峰.工作面初采预裂爆破强制放顶技术研究[J].中国煤炭,2013,39(2):55-59.XUE Deping ZHAO Jie,FENG Yufeng.Research on forced caving technology with pre-splitting blasting in primary mining of working face[J].China Coal,2013,39(2):55-59.
[11]潘岳,王志强,李爱武.初次断裂期间超前工作面坚硬顶板挠度、弯矩和能量变化的解析解[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,35(11):32-41.PAN Yue,WANG Zhiqiang,LI Aiwu.Analytic solutions of deflection,bending moment and energy change of tight roof of advanced working surface during initial fracturing[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,35(11):32-41.
[12]贾文超,张明杰,梁锡明,等.地应力与孔隙压力对定向水力压裂效果影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(12):151-157.JIA Wenchao,ZHANG Mingjie,LIANG Ximing,et al. Study on geostress and pore pressure affected to directional hydraulic fracturing effect[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(12):151-157.
[13]张晓.综采工作面水力压裂初次放顶技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(7):23-26,79.ZHANG Xiao. Study on hydraulic fracturing technology in initial caving of fully-mechanized coal mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(7):23-26,79.
[14]于斌,段宏飞.特厚煤层高强度综放开采水力压裂顶板控制技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(4):778-785.YU Bin,DUAN Hongfei.Study of roof control by hydraulic fracturing in full-mechanized caving mining with high strength in extra-thick coal layer[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(4):778-785.
[15]蔚保宁.水力压裂技术在浅埋煤层工作面初次放顶中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(S1):100-102.WEI Baoning. Application on hydraulic fracturing technique in first caving of shallow buried coal seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(S1):100-102.
[16]康红普,冯彦军.定向水力压裂工作面煤体应力监测及其演化规律[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(12):1953-1957.KANG Hongpu,FENG Yanjun.Monitoring of stress change in coal seam caused by directional hydraulic fracturing in working face with strong roof and its evolution[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(12):1953-1957.
[17]冯彦军,康红普.水力压裂起裂与扩展分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(7):3169-3179.FENG Yanjun,KANG Hongpu.Hydraulic fracturing initiation and propagation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(7):3169-3179.
[18]康红普,冯彦军.煤矿井下水力压裂技术及在围岩控制中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):1-9.KANG Hongpu,FENG Yanjun. Hydraulic fracturing technology and its applications in strata control in underground coal mines[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(1):1-9.
[19]吴建星.水力压裂控制综放工作面初次垮顶试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(8):91-95.WU Jianxing. Experiment study on primary roof falling of fullymechanized top coal caving mining face with hydraulic fracturing control[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(8):91-95.
[20]孟秀峰,赵洪亮.综放工作面水力压裂顶板控制技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(7):75-77.MENG Xiufeng, ZHAO Hongliang. Study on roof control technology of hydraulic fracturing in fully mechanized top coal caving face[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(7):75-77.
[2]冯彦军.水力压裂技术在煤矿坚硬顶板控制中的应用[J].煤矿支护,2014(1):4-7.FENG Yanjun. Application of hydraulic fracturing technology in coal hard roof control[J].Mine Support,2014(1):4-7.
[3]于斌.大同矿区综采40a开采技术研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(11):1772-1777.YU Bin. Study on fully mechanized coal mining technology in passed 40 years in Datong mining area[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(11):1772-1777.
[4]范屹东.定向水力压裂技术在7806开切眼的应用[J].煤,2012,21(12):16-17,33.FAN Yidong. Application of directional hydraulic fracturing technology in 7806 open off cut[J].Coal,2012,21(12):16-17,33.
[5]熊仁钦.顶板大面积来压破坏机理的研究[J].煤炭学报,1995,20(1):38-41.XIONG Renqin. Investigation of mechanism of roof failure due to weighting over great extent[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,1995,20(1):38-41.
[6]许家林,鞠金峰.特大采高综采面关键层结构形态及其对矿压显现的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(8):1547-1556.XU Jialin,JU Jinfeng.Structural morphology of key stratum and its influence on strata behaviors in fully-mechanized face with superlarge mining height[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(8):1547-1556.
[7]张宏伟,周坤友,荣海,等.浅埋深大采高工作面矿压显现及支架适应性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(4):20-25.ZHANG Hongwei,ZHOU Kunyou,RONG Hai,et al. Study on mine strata behaviors and powered support suitability ofhigh cutting coal mining face with shallow mining depth[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(4):20-25.
[8]鞠金峰,许家林,朱卫兵,等.神东矿区近距离煤层出一侧采空煤柱压架机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(7):1321-1330.JU Jinfeng,XU Jialin,ZHU Weibing,et al. Mechanism of support crushing while mining out of upper goaf-side coal pillar in closed distance seams of Shendong mining area[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(7):1321-1330.
[9]张杰.浅埋煤层顶板深孔预爆强制初放研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(3):339-343.ZHANG Jie.Study on forced roof caving to hard roof by deep-hole pre-blasting in shallow coal seam[J]. Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2012,29(3):339-343.
[10]薛德平,赵杰,冯宇峰.工作面初采预裂爆破强制放顶技术研究[J].中国煤炭,2013,39(2):55-59.XUE Deping ZHAO Jie,FENG Yufeng.Research on forced caving technology with pre-splitting blasting in primary mining of working face[J].China Coal,2013,39(2):55-59.
[11]潘岳,王志强,李爱武.初次断裂期间超前工作面坚硬顶板挠度、弯矩和能量变化的解析解[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2012,35(11):32-41.PAN Yue,WANG Zhiqiang,LI Aiwu.Analytic solutions of deflection,bending moment and energy change of tight roof of advanced working surface during initial fracturing[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2012,35(11):32-41.
[12]贾文超,张明杰,梁锡明,等.地应力与孔隙压力对定向水力压裂效果影响研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(12):151-157.JIA Wenchao,ZHANG Mingjie,LIANG Ximing,et al. Study on geostress and pore pressure affected to directional hydraulic fracturing effect[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(12):151-157.
[13]张晓.综采工作面水力压裂初次放顶技术研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(7):23-26,79.ZHANG Xiao. Study on hydraulic fracturing technology in initial caving of fully-mechanized coal mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(7):23-26,79.
[14]于斌,段宏飞.特厚煤层高强度综放开采水力压裂顶板控制技术研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(4):778-785.YU Bin,DUAN Hongfei.Study of roof control by hydraulic fracturing in full-mechanized caving mining with high strength in extra-thick coal layer[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(4):778-785.
[15]蔚保宁.水力压裂技术在浅埋煤层工作面初次放顶中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2018,46(S1):100-102.WEI Baoning. Application on hydraulic fracturing technique in first caving of shallow buried coal seam[J]. Coal Science and Technology,2018,46(S1):100-102.
[16]康红普,冯彦军.定向水力压裂工作面煤体应力监测及其演化规律[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(12):1953-1957.KANG Hongpu,FENG Yanjun.Monitoring of stress change in coal seam caused by directional hydraulic fracturing in working face with strong roof and its evolution[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(12):1953-1957.
[17]冯彦军,康红普.水力压裂起裂与扩展分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(7):3169-3179.FENG Yanjun,KANG Hongpu.Hydraulic fracturing initiation and propagation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(7):3169-3179.
[18]康红普,冯彦军.煤矿井下水力压裂技术及在围岩控制中的应用[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(1):1-9.KANG Hongpu,FENG Yanjun. Hydraulic fracturing technology and its applications in strata control in underground coal mines[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(1):1-9.
[19]吴建星.水力压裂控制综放工作面初次垮顶试验研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2016,44(8):91-95.WU Jianxing. Experiment study on primary roof falling of fullymechanized top coal caving mining face with hydraulic fracturing control[J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(8):91-95.
[20]孟秀峰,赵洪亮.综放工作面水力压裂顶板控制技术研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(7):75-77.MENG Xiufeng, ZHAO Hongliang. Study on roof control technology of hydraulic fracturing in fully mechanized top coal caving face[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(7):75-77.
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