库车坳陷北部山前带中生界泥岩元素地球化学特征及其沉积环境意义
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摘要
应用元素地球化学方法,对库车坳陷北部山前带中生界三叠系和侏罗系泥岩的主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素(REE)特征进行了研究,并探讨了其沉积环境意义。结果表明:库车坳陷北部山前带中生界泥岩主要为陆相淡水沉积,稀土元素具有轻稀土富集特征,稀土元素总量反映有机质快速堆积、陆源细碎屑补给速度慢的沉积特征。从三叠纪到侏罗纪古盐度略有上升,古气候以温暖湿润为主,整体处于贫氧—缺氧环境。黄山街组沉积时期温暖湿润的气候与较低的古盐度有利于有机质的形成,贫氧—缺氧环境提供保存条件。至恰克马克组沉积时期古气候开始向干燥炎热转化,且古盐度较高,影响有机质产量,但缺氧环境更有利于其保存。
By means of element geochemistry, the characteristics of major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements(REE) for Triassic and Jurassic mudstones from the northern piedmont zone in the Kuqa depression were studied and discussed for the implications fo sedimentry environment.The Mesozoic mudstones from the northern piedmont zone in the Kuqa depression are dominently terrestrial freshwater sedimentary environments.REE are characterized by enrichment of light REE, and reflect the sedimentary characteristics of rapid accumulation of organic matter and slow recharge of terrigenous fine debris.From the Triassic to the Jurassic, the paleosalinity increased slightly while the paleoclimate was mainly humid, and the whole was under dysoxic-anoxic conditions.The warm and humid paleoclimate and lower paleosalinity during the deposition of the Huangshanjie Formation are conducive to the production of organic matter productivity, and the dysoxic-anoxic condition provides preservation conditions.The hot-dry paleoclimate environment began to appear in the period of the Qiakemake Formation, and the higher paleosalinity may promote the formation of organic matter, but the anoxic condition is more conducive to its preservation.
By means of element geochemistry, the characteristics of major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements(REE) for Triassic and Jurassic mudstones from the northern piedmont zone in the Kuqa depression were studied and discussed for the implications fo sedimentry environment.The Mesozoic mudstones from the northern piedmont zone in the Kuqa depression are dominently terrestrial freshwater sedimentary environments.REE are characterized by enrichment of light REE, and reflect the sedimentary characteristics of rapid accumulation of organic matter and slow recharge of terrigenous fine debris.From the Triassic to the Jurassic, the paleosalinity increased slightly while the paleoclimate was mainly humid, and the whole was under dysoxic-anoxic conditions.The warm and humid paleoclimate and lower paleosalinity during the deposition of the Huangshanjie Formation are conducive to the production of organic matter productivity, and the dysoxic-anoxic condition provides preservation conditions.The hot-dry paleoclimate environment began to appear in the period of the Qiakemake Formation, and the higher paleosalinity may promote the formation of organic matter, but the anoxic condition is more conducive to its preservation.
引文
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[17] 孟楚洁,胡文瑄,贾东,等.宁镇地区上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统高家边组底部黑色岩系地球化学特征与沉积环境分析[J].地学前缘,2017,24(6):300-311.Meng Chujie,Hu Wenxuan,Jia Dong,et al.Analyses of geochemistry features and sedimentary environment in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng-Lower Silurian Gaojiabian formations in Nanjing-Zhenjiang area[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2017,24(6):300-311.
[18] 张国伟,陶树,汤达祯,等.三塘湖盆地二叠系芦草沟组油页岩微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(8):2082-2090.Zhang Guowei,Tao Shu,Tang Dazhen,et al.Geochemical characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements in Permian Lucaogou oil shale,Santanghu basin[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(8):2082-2090.
[19] 钱利军,陈洪德,林良彪,等.四川盆地西缘地区中侏罗统沙溪庙组地球化学特征及其环境意义[J].沉积学报,2012,30(6):1061-1071.Qian Lijun,Chen Hongde,Lin Liangbiao,et al.Geochemical characteristics and environmental implications of Middle Jurassic Shaximiao formation,western margin of Sichuanbasin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(6):1061-1071.
[20] Anderson R F,Fleisher M Q,Lehuray A P.Concentration,oxidation state,and particulate flux of uranium in the Black Sea[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1989,53(9):2215-2224.
[21] 邓宏文,钱凯.沉积地球化学与环境分析[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1993:18-28.
[22] Hatch J R,Leventhal J S.Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark shale member of the Dennis limestone,Wabaunsee County,Kansas,USA[J].Chemical Geology,1992,99(1/3):65-82.
[23] Huerta-Diaz M A,Morse J W.Pyritization of trace metals in anoxic marine sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(7):2681-2702.
[24] Gao P,Liu G,Wang Z,et al.Rare earth elements (REEs) geochemistry of Sinian-Cambrian reservoir solid bitumens in Sichuan basin,SW China:potential application to petroleum exploration[J].Geological Journal,2015,52(2):99-108.
[25] Zhang M M ,Liu Z J ,Xu S Z ,et al.Analysis for the paleosalinity and lake-level changes of the oil shale measures in the Lucaogou formation in the Sangonghe area of southern margin,Junggar basin[J].Petroleum Science and Technology,2014,32(16):1973-1980.
[2] Bai Y,Liu Z,Sun P,et al.Rare earth and major element geochemistry of Eocene fine-grained sediments in oil shale- and coal-bearing layers of the Meihe basin,northeast China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,97(1):89-101.
[3] Wang Z,Wang J,Fu X,et al.Organic material accumulation of Carnian mudstones in the north Qiangtang depression,eastern Tethys:controlled by the paleoclimate,paleoenvironment,and provenance[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2017,88(12):440-457.
[4] Song J,Bao Z,Zhao X,et al.Sedimentology and geochemistry of Middle-Upper Permian innorthwestern Turpan-Hami basin,China:implication for depositional environments andpetroleum geology[J].Energy Exploration & Exploitation,2018,36(4):910-941.
[5] Jiang F,Wang Q,Liu L,et al.Geological and geochemical characteristics of the Middle-Lower Jurassic shales in the Kuqa depression,Tarim basin:an evaluation of shale gas resources[J].Australian Journal of Earth Science,2018,65(4):557-573.
[6] 邢厚松,李君,孙海云,等.塔里木盆地塔西南与库车山前带油气成藏差异性研究及勘探建议[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(1):36-45.Xing Housong,Li Jun,Sun Haiyun,et al.Differences of hydrocarbon reservoir forming between southwestern Tarim basin and Kuche mountain front[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(1):36-45.
[7] 张茂盛,廖健德,刘清明,等.微量元素在地质沉积环境中的应用[J].广西师范大学学报:自然科学版,2003,21(1):19-21.Zhang Maosheng,Liao Jiande,Liu Qingming,et al.Application of trace elements in deposition environment[J].Journal of Guangxi Normal University:Natural Science Edition,2003,21(1):19-21.
[8] 顾家裕.塔里木盆地沉积层序特征及其演化[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996:28-76.
[9] Hendrix M S,Graham S A,Carroll A R,et al.Sedimentary record and climatic implications of recurrent deformation in the tian shan:evidence from Mesozoic strata of the north Tarim,south Junggar,and Turpan basins,northwest China[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1992,104(1):53-79.
[10] 黄克难,詹家祯,邹义声,等.新疆库车河地区三叠系和侏罗系沉积环境及古气候[J].古地理学报,2003,5(2):197-208.Huang Kenan,Zhan Jiazhen,Zou Yisheng,et al.Sedimentary environment and palaeoclimate of the Triassic and Jurassic in Kuqa river area,Xinjiang[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2003,5(2):197-208.
[11] 王招明,李勇,谢会文,等.库车前陆盆地超深油气地质理论与勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2017:1-10.
[12] 何登发,周新源,杨海军,等.库车坳陷的地质结构及其对大油气田的控制作用[J].大地构造与成矿学,2009,33(1):19-32.He Dengfa,Zhou Xinyuan,Yang Haijun,et al.Geologicalstructure and its controls on giant oil and gas fields in Kuqa depression,Tarim basin:a clue from new shot seismic data[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2009,33(1):19-32.
[13] 李勇,漆家福,师俊,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷中生代盆地性状及成因分析[J].大地构造与成矿学,2017,41(5):829-842.Li Yong,Qi Jiafu,Shi Jun,et al.Characteristics of Mesozoic basin in Kuqa depression,Tarim basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2017,41(5):829-842.
[14] 张宝民,陈建平,边立曾,等.再论塔里木盆地库车坳陷三叠纪—侏罗纪的海泛事件[J].地质学报,2006,80(2):236-244.Zhang Baomin,Chen Jianping,Bian Lizeng,et al.Rediscussion on the sea-flooding events during Triassic to Jurassic ofKuqa depressionin Tarim basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(2):236-244.
[15] 杜金虎,王招明,胡素云,等.库车前陆冲断带深层大气区形成条件与地质特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2012,39(4):385-393.Du Jinhu,Wang Zhaoming,Hu Suyun,et al.Formation and geological characteristics of deep giant gas provinces in the Kuqaforeland thrust belt,Tarim basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(4):385-393.
[16] 王元,李贤庆,梁万乐,等.琼东南盆地烃源岩饱和烃生物标志物特征及生源构成[J].矿业科学学报,2018,3(3):209-218.Wang Yuan,Li Xianqing,Liang Wanle,et al.Characteristics of saturated hydrocarbon biomarkers and the biogenetic composition of source rocks in the Qiongdongnan basin[J].Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2018,3(3):209-218.
[17] 孟楚洁,胡文瑄,贾东,等.宁镇地区上奥陶统五峰组—下志留统高家边组底部黑色岩系地球化学特征与沉积环境分析[J].地学前缘,2017,24(6):300-311.Meng Chujie,Hu Wenxuan,Jia Dong,et al.Analyses of geochemistry features and sedimentary environment in the Upper Ordovician Wufeng-Lower Silurian Gaojiabian formations in Nanjing-Zhenjiang area[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2017,24(6):300-311.
[18] 张国伟,陶树,汤达祯,等.三塘湖盆地二叠系芦草沟组油页岩微量元素和稀土元素地球化学特征[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(8):2082-2090.Zhang Guowei,Tao Shu,Tang Dazhen,et al.Geochemical characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements in Permian Lucaogou oil shale,Santanghu basin[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(8):2082-2090.
[19] 钱利军,陈洪德,林良彪,等.四川盆地西缘地区中侏罗统沙溪庙组地球化学特征及其环境意义[J].沉积学报,2012,30(6):1061-1071.Qian Lijun,Chen Hongde,Lin Liangbiao,et al.Geochemical characteristics and environmental implications of Middle Jurassic Shaximiao formation,western margin of Sichuanbasin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2012,30(6):1061-1071.
[20] Anderson R F,Fleisher M Q,Lehuray A P.Concentration,oxidation state,and particulate flux of uranium in the Black Sea[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1989,53(9):2215-2224.
[21] 邓宏文,钱凯.沉积地球化学与环境分析[M].兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1993:18-28.
[22] Hatch J R,Leventhal J S.Relationship between inferred redox potential of the depositional environment and geochemistry of the Upper Pennsylvanian (Missourian) Stark shale member of the Dennis limestone,Wabaunsee County,Kansas,USA[J].Chemical Geology,1992,99(1/3):65-82.
[23] Huerta-Diaz M A,Morse J W.Pyritization of trace metals in anoxic marine sediments[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1992,56(7):2681-2702.
[24] Gao P,Liu G,Wang Z,et al.Rare earth elements (REEs) geochemistry of Sinian-Cambrian reservoir solid bitumens in Sichuan basin,SW China:potential application to petroleum exploration[J].Geological Journal,2015,52(2):99-108.
[25] Zhang M M ,Liu Z J ,Xu S Z ,et al.Analysis for the paleosalinity and lake-level changes of the oil shale measures in the Lucaogou formation in the Sangonghe area of southern margin,Junggar basin[J].Petroleum Science and Technology,2014,32(16):1973-1980.
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