广西会仙湿地水质现状分析与评价
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摘要
为了解会仙湿地水环境质量的最新状况,对后续水体修复工作提供依据,于2017年4月和10月布点采样,对湿地水质现状进行分析,并采用综合污染指数法和营养状态指数法对湿地水体进行评价,结果表明:会仙湿地污染物时空分布特征明显,DO、Chl-a浓度枯水期显著高于丰水期,从湿地上游至下游呈上升趋势, TN和NH_3-N浓度则呈下降趋势;湿地水体呈现不同程度的污染,其中运河河道达到严重污染水平,根据污染负荷分担率K_i值可知,TN(24.15～35.70)、 DO(3.97～38.71)和COD_(Mn)(9.86～25.80)对水体污染最为显著;各点位EI均值都大于50,会仙湿地水体整体处于富营养化状态。
Huixian wetland is the largest karst wetland in Guangxi. In order to understand water environmental quality of Huixian wetland and provide subsequent water remediation,this study sampled in April and October 2017,analyzed and assessed water environmental quality by comprehensive pollution index method and nutritional status index method. The results indicated that the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants in Huixian wetland are obvious.The concentration of DO and Chl-a in dry season was significantly higher than that in high water season,and increased from the upstream to the downstream of the wetland, while the concentrations of TN and NH_3-N showed a downward trend.The water of Huixian wetland were in different degrees of pollution, while ancient canal pollution was the worst. According to the analysis of the pollution loading(the value of K_i),TN(24.15-35.70)polluted water most seriously,followed by DO(3.97-38.71)and COD_(Mn)(9.86-25.80).The average value of EI was greater than 50 at every sampling site, so the water of Huixian wetland was in a eutrophic state.
Huixian wetland is the largest karst wetland in Guangxi. In order to understand water environmental quality of Huixian wetland and provide subsequent water remediation,this study sampled in April and October 2017,analyzed and assessed water environmental quality by comprehensive pollution index method and nutritional status index method. The results indicated that the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants in Huixian wetland are obvious.The concentration of DO and Chl-a in dry season was significantly higher than that in high water season,and increased from the upstream to the downstream of the wetland, while the concentrations of TN and NH_3-N showed a downward trend.The water of Huixian wetland were in different degrees of pollution, while ancient canal pollution was the worst. According to the analysis of the pollution loading(the value of K_i),TN(24.15-35.70)polluted water most seriously,followed by DO(3.97-38.71)and COD_(Mn)(9.86-25.80).The average value of EI was greater than 50 at every sampling site, so the water of Huixian wetland was in a eutrophic state.
引文
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[25]Wang S R,Jin X C,Zhao H C,et al.Phosphorus release characteristics of different trophic lake sediments under simulative disturbing conditions[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,161 (2-3):1551-1559.
[2]Calvario-Martínez O,Lechuga-Devéze C H,Sánchez-Rodríguez M A.Establishing management strategies for boca de camichín estuarine system using nutrient carrying capacity[M]//Fisheries Management of Mexican and Central American Estuaries.Springer,Dordrencht,2014:51-66.
[3]李晖,王月,王艳分.桂林会仙喀斯特湿地生态环境调查及生态旅游开发[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38 (27):15286-15289.
[4]王厚峰.桂林市会仙湿地古桂柳运河生态修复保护对策及措施[J].农业与技术,2015,35(18):7-8.
[5]蔡德所.会仙岩溶湿地生态系统研究[M].地质出版社,2012.
[6]陆祖军,侯美珍,梁士楚.会仙湿地中心区枯水期上覆水磷酸酶活性水平分布[J].广西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2011,29 (1):76-81.
[7]李晖,蒋忠诚,马祖陆,等.桂林会仙岩溶湿地健康评价与补偿机制研究[J].中国水土保持,2013(1):61-64.
[8]邢梦龙,李海翔,姜磊,等.临桂新区环城水系及会仙岩溶湿地水污染时空特征[J].桂林理工大学学报,2019,39(1):168-176.
[9]程亚平,蒋亚萍,姚高峰,等.桂林会仙湿地生态退化特征研究[J].工业安全与环保,2015,41(4):73-75.
[10]陈瑞红,莫德清,李金城,等.会仙岩溶湿地水质监测及评价[J].山东化工,2018,47(6):156-160.
[11]张淑琴.辽宁大伙房水库水质富营养化状况及其发展趋势[J].黑龙江环境通报,2012,36(1):25-27.
[12]智颖飙,王玉文,王燕,等.包头南海湿地水体环境季节性变化与生态功能货币化评价[J].干旱区资源与环境,2014,28(2):124-128.
[13]张丽娜,谭伟福,王海京.桂林会仙喀斯特湿地公园湿地保护与恢复初探[J].广西林业科学,2012,41 (3):303-305.
[14]谢丽姬,郑晓君,李海婷,等.桂林市会仙喀斯特湿地保护现状及对策[J].南方农业,2015,9 (9):87-88,90.
[15]林栋材,魏宇,张新兴,等.从岩溶水文地质角度分析桂林会仙湿地修复问题[J].资源环境与工程,2008,22 (S):221-222.
[16]国家环保局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].中国环境科学出版社,1997.
[17]孙涛,张妙仙,李苗苗,等.基于对应分析法和综合污染指数法的水质评价[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37 (4):185-190.
[18]李如忠,刘科峰,钱靖,等.合肥市区典型景观水体氮磷污染特征及富营养化评价[J].环境科学,2014,35 (5):1718-1726.
[19]何德进,邢友华,姜瑞雪,等.东平湖水体中氮磷的分布特征及其富营养化评价[J].环境科学与技术,2010,33 (8):45-48.
[20]van Puijenbroek P J T M,Cleij P,Visser H.Aggregated indices for trends in eutrophication of different types of fresh water in the Netherlands[J].Ecological Indicators,2014,36 (1):456-462.
[21]Jarvie H P,Sharpley A N,Scott J T,et al.Within-river phosphorus retention:accounting for a missing piece in the watershed phosphorus puzzle[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2012,46 (24):13284-13292.
[22]于玲红,王晓云,李卫平,等.包头市南海湿地水质现状分析与评价[J].环境化学,2017,36 (2):390-396.
[23]Anderson D M,Glibert P M,Burkholder J M.Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication:nutrient sources,composition,and consequences[J].Estuaries,2002,25 (4b):704-726.
[24]Hu W F,Lo W,Chua H,et al.Nutrient release and sediment oxygen demand in a eutrophic land-locked embayment in Hong Kong[J].Environment International,2001,26 (5):369-375.
[25]Wang S R,Jin X C,Zhao H C,et al.Phosphorus release characteristics of different trophic lake sediments under simulative disturbing conditions[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,161 (2-3):1551-1559.
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