西北太平洋柔鱼适宜栖息地动态变化研究
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摘要
柔鱼(Ommastrepes bartramii)是短生命周期种类,具有较高的经济价值和重要的生态地位,研究柔鱼资源对我国的远洋渔业发展有重要作用。本研究根据2005～2016年8～10月西北太平洋柔鱼渔业数据以及海表温度(Sea surface temperature, SST)数据,依据前人建立的柔鱼栖息地适宜性指数模型(Habitat suitability index, HSI)计算适宜柔鱼栖息地面积大小,并与柔鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获量(Catch per unit of fishing effort, CPUE)和渔获量进行相关性分析。研究发现,2015年平均适宜栖息地(HSI>0.6)面积范围最大,达到1087369km2;2008年平均适宜栖息地面积范围最小,仅为618407.5 km~2。所选区域内适宜栖息地分布能有效反映柔鱼的资源分布情况,但其适宜栖息地面积大小与渔获量和CPUE之间不存在显著相关性(P>0.05)。其原因可能有:鱿钓渔船作业集中,导致单船渔获量不能表征实际CPUE;大尺度的气候变化,特别是厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象会影响柔鱼资源量;黑潮与亲潮的变化也会影响柔鱼资源量。
Neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) is a short-lived species with high economic value and important ecological status. The study of squid resources plays an important role in the development of Chinese offshore fisheries. Based on the data from the Northwest Pacific squid fishery and sea surface temperature(SST) data from August to October of 2005?2016, and the habitat suitability index(HSI) model established by the predecessors, the size of the squid's habitat was correlated with catch per unit of fishing effort(CPUE) and the catch. We found that the average area of suitable habitat(HSI>0.6) was the largest in 2015, reaching 1,087,369 km2. In 2008, the average suitable habitat area was the smallest(618,407.5 km2). The suitable habitat distribution in the selected area can effectively reflect the resource distribution of the squid; however, there is no significant correlation between the size of the suitable habitat area and the catch and CPUE(P>0.05). The reasons may be as follows(1) the concentration of squid fishing vessels resulting in single-vessel catches that do not characterize the CPUE;(2) large-scale climate change, particularly El Ni?o and La Ni?a, affecting squid resources;(3) changes in Kuroshio and Tide also affect the amount of squid resources.
Neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii) is a short-lived species with high economic value and important ecological status. The study of squid resources plays an important role in the development of Chinese offshore fisheries. Based on the data from the Northwest Pacific squid fishery and sea surface temperature(SST) data from August to October of 2005?2016, and the habitat suitability index(HSI) model established by the predecessors, the size of the squid's habitat was correlated with catch per unit of fishing effort(CPUE) and the catch. We found that the average area of suitable habitat(HSI>0.6) was the largest in 2015, reaching 1,087,369 km2. In 2008, the average suitable habitat area was the smallest(618,407.5 km2). The suitable habitat distribution in the selected area can effectively reflect the resource distribution of the squid; however, there is no significant correlation between the size of the suitable habitat area and the catch and CPUE(P>0.05). The reasons may be as follows(1) the concentration of squid fishing vessels resulting in single-vessel catches that do not characterize the CPUE;(2) large-scale climate change, particularly El Ni?o and La Ni?a, affecting squid resources;(3) changes in Kuroshio and Tide also affect the amount of squid resources.
引文
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Chen XJ,Zhao XH,Chen Y.Influence of El Nino/La Nina on the western winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.ICES Journal of Marine Science,2007,64(6):1152-1160
Chen XJ.Analysis of marine environmental factors formed by squid fishing grounds in the Northwest Pacific.Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,1997,6(4):263-267[陈新军.关于西北太平洋的柔鱼渔场形成的海洋环境因子的分析.上海水产大学学报,1997,6(4):263-267]
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Ding Q,Chen XJ,Wang JT.Comparison habitat suitability index model of Lllex argentinus and its application in to fishing ground forecasting.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2015,36(3):8-13[丁琪,陈新军,汪金涛.阿根廷滑柔鱼(Illex argentinus)适宜栖息地模型比较及其在渔场预报中的应用.渔业科学进展,2015,36(3):8-13]
Fan JT,Chen ZZ,Zhang J,et al.Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis fishing grounds analysis based on marine environmental factors and different weight coefficients in the Zhongxisha and Xisha Islands,South China Sea.South China Fisheries Science,2016,12(4):57-63[范江涛,陈作志,张俊,等.基于海洋环境因子和不同权重系数的南海中沙西沙海域鸢乌贼渔场分析.南方水产科学,2016,12(4):57-63]
Gong CX,Chen XJ,Gao F,et al.Review on habitat suitability index in fishery science.Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2011,20(2):260-269[龚彩霞,陈新军,高峰,等.栖息地适宜性指数在渔业科学中的应用进展.上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(2):260-269]
Huang HL,Zheng YJ,Cheng JH.Study on the biological characteristics of Ommastrephes bartramii in the North Pacific.Marine Fisheries,2002,24(1):126-135[黄洪亮,郑元甲,程家骅.北太平洋海区柔鱼生物学特征研究.海洋渔业,2002,24(1):126-135]
Irvine JR,Fukuwaka M.Pacific salmon abundance trends and climate change.ICES Journal of Marine Science,2011,68(6):l122-1130
Jin LR,Sun KP,He HS,et al.Research advances in habitat suitability index model.Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(5):841-846[金龙如,孙克萍,贺红士,等.生境适宜度指数模型研究进展.生态学杂志,2008,27(5):841-846]
Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries Bureau.China fisheries statistical yearbook.China Agriculture Press,2016[农业部渔业局编制.中国渔业统计年鉴.中国农业出版社,2016]
Saitoh S,Kosaka S,Iisaka J.Satellite infrared observations of Kuroshio warm-core rings and their application to study of Pacific saury migration.Deep Sea Research Part AOceanographic Research Papers,1986,33(11-12):1601-1615
Syamsuddin ML,Saitoh SI,Hirawake T,et al.Effects of El Nino-Southern Oscillation events on catches of bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus)in the eastern Indian Ocean off Java.Fishery Bulletin,2013,111(2):175-188
Tang FH,Cui XS,Fan W,et al.Study on relationship of neon flying squid yield in North Pacific Ocean with marine environment by remote sensing.Ocean Technology,2011,30(2):7-12[唐峰华,崔雪森,樊伟,等.北太平洋柔鱼渔获量与海洋环境关系的遥感学研究.海洋技术学报,2011,30(2):7-12]
Tang FH,Fan W,Wu YM,et al.Seasonal changes of relationship between marine environment and squid fishing resources in North Pacific Ocean.Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2015(3):242-249[唐峰华,樊伟,伍玉梅,等.北太平洋柔鱼渔场资源与海洋环境关系的季节性变化.农业资源与环境学报,2015(3):242-249]
Thomasma LE.Standards for the development of habitat suitability index models.1981
Tzeng WN,Tseng YH,Han YS,et al.Evaluation of multi-scale climate effects on annual recruitment levels of the Japanese eel,Anguilla japonica,to Taiwan.PLoS One,2012,7(2):e30805
Wang YG,Chen XJ.World oceanic economic squid resources and fisheries.Beijing:China Ocean Press,2004:29-212[王尧耕,陈新军.世界大洋性经济柔鱼类资源及其渔业.北京:海洋出版社,2005:190-198]
Wei GE,Chen XJ.Review on neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)resources and fishing ground in the North Pacific Ocean.Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,2016,36(6):114-122[魏广恩,陈新军.北太平洋柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartramii)资源渔场研究进展.广东海洋大学学报,2016,36(6):114-122]
Yu W,Chen XJ.Analysis of environmental conditions and their influence on the abundance of neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(15):5032-5039[余为,陈新军.西北太平洋柔鱼栖息地环境因子分析及其对资源丰度的影响.生态学报,2015,35(15):5032-5039]
Yu W,Chen XJ,Yi Q,et al.Annual difference of abundance index and its influencing factors of Ommastrephes bartramii in traditional fishing grounds in the Northwest Pacific.Marine Fisheries,2013,35(4):373-381[余为,陈新军,易倩,等.西北太平洋柔鱼传统作业渔场资源丰度年间差异及其影响因子.海洋渔业,2013,35(4):373-381]
Yu W,Chen XJ,Yi Q,et al.Review on the early life history of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the North Pacific Ocean.Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2013,22(5):755-762[余为,陈新军,易倩,等.北太平洋柔鱼早期生活史研究进展.上海海洋大学学报,2013,22(5):755-762]
Yu W,Chen XJ,Yi Q.Relationship between spatio-temporal dynamics of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii and net primary production in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2016,38(2):64-72[余为,陈新军,易倩.西北太平洋海洋净初级生产力与柔鱼资源量变动关系的研究.海洋学报,2016,38(2):64-72]
Yu W,Chen XJ.Variability in the potential habitat of winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2018,40(3):86-94[余为,陈新军.西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群体栖息地的变化研究.海洋学报,2018,40(3):86-94]
Zhu HD.Habitat use of six skinks in Southern Taiwan.Taipei:Sun Yat-Sen University,2002:8-9[朱宏达.南部地区六种石龙子科蜥蜴栖息地利用之研究.台北:中山大学,2002:8-9]
Chen XJ,Gong CX,Tian SQ,et al.Estimated catch of neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)based on habitat suitability index in Northwest Pacific Ocean.Periodical of Ocean University of China,2013,43(4):29-33[陈新军,龚彩霞,田思泉,等.基于栖息地指数的西北太平洋柔鱼渔获量估算.中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2013,43(4):29-33]
Chen XJ,Liu BL,Tian SQ,et al.Forecasting the fishing ground of Ommastrephes bartramii with SST-based habitat suitability modelling in Northwestern Pacific.Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2009,40(6):707-713[陈新军,刘必林,田思泉,等.利用基于表温因子的栖息地模型预测西北太平洋柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartramii)渔场.海洋与湖沼,2009,40(6):707-713]
Chen XJ,Zhao XH,Chen Y.Influence of El Nino/La Nina on the western winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean.ICES Journal of Marine Science,2007,64(6):1152-1160
Chen XJ.Analysis of marine environmental factors formed by squid fishing grounds in the Northwest Pacific.Journal of Shanghai Fisheries University,1997,6(4):263-267[陈新军.关于西北太平洋的柔鱼渔场形成的海洋环境因子的分析.上海水产大学学报,1997,6(4):263-267]
Chen XJ.Fishery resources and fisheries.Beijing:China Ocean Press,2004,29-212[陈新军.渔业资源与渔场学.北京:海洋出版社,2004,29-212]
Cui XS,Zhou WF,Tang FH,et al.The construction of habitat suitability index forecast model of Ommastrephes bartramii fishing ground based on constrained linear regression.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2018,39(1):64-72[崔雪森,周为峰,唐峰华,等.基于约束线性回归的柔鱼栖息地指数渔场预报模型构建.渔业科学进展,2018,39(1):64-72]
Ding Q,Chen XJ,Wang JT.Comparison habitat suitability index model of Lllex argentinus and its application in to fishing ground forecasting.Progress in Fishery Sciences,2015,36(3):8-13[丁琪,陈新军,汪金涛.阿根廷滑柔鱼(Illex argentinus)适宜栖息地模型比较及其在渔场预报中的应用.渔业科学进展,2015,36(3):8-13]
Fan JT,Chen ZZ,Zhang J,et al.Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis fishing grounds analysis based on marine environmental factors and different weight coefficients in the Zhongxisha and Xisha Islands,South China Sea.South China Fisheries Science,2016,12(4):57-63[范江涛,陈作志,张俊,等.基于海洋环境因子和不同权重系数的南海中沙西沙海域鸢乌贼渔场分析.南方水产科学,2016,12(4):57-63]
Gong CX,Chen XJ,Gao F,et al.Review on habitat suitability index in fishery science.Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2011,20(2):260-269[龚彩霞,陈新军,高峰,等.栖息地适宜性指数在渔业科学中的应用进展.上海海洋大学学报,2011,20(2):260-269]
Huang HL,Zheng YJ,Cheng JH.Study on the biological characteristics of Ommastrephes bartramii in the North Pacific.Marine Fisheries,2002,24(1):126-135[黄洪亮,郑元甲,程家骅.北太平洋海区柔鱼生物学特征研究.海洋渔业,2002,24(1):126-135]
Irvine JR,Fukuwaka M.Pacific salmon abundance trends and climate change.ICES Journal of Marine Science,2011,68(6):l122-1130
Jin LR,Sun KP,He HS,et al.Research advances in habitat suitability index model.Chinese Journal of Ecology,2008,27(5):841-846[金龙如,孙克萍,贺红士,等.生境适宜度指数模型研究进展.生态学杂志,2008,27(5):841-846]
Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries Bureau.China fisheries statistical yearbook.China Agriculture Press,2016[农业部渔业局编制.中国渔业统计年鉴.中国农业出版社,2016]
Saitoh S,Kosaka S,Iisaka J.Satellite infrared observations of Kuroshio warm-core rings and their application to study of Pacific saury migration.Deep Sea Research Part AOceanographic Research Papers,1986,33(11-12):1601-1615
Syamsuddin ML,Saitoh SI,Hirawake T,et al.Effects of El Nino-Southern Oscillation events on catches of bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus)in the eastern Indian Ocean off Java.Fishery Bulletin,2013,111(2):175-188
Tang FH,Cui XS,Fan W,et al.Study on relationship of neon flying squid yield in North Pacific Ocean with marine environment by remote sensing.Ocean Technology,2011,30(2):7-12[唐峰华,崔雪森,樊伟,等.北太平洋柔鱼渔获量与海洋环境关系的遥感学研究.海洋技术学报,2011,30(2):7-12]
Tang FH,Fan W,Wu YM,et al.Seasonal changes of relationship between marine environment and squid fishing resources in North Pacific Ocean.Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2015(3):242-249[唐峰华,樊伟,伍玉梅,等.北太平洋柔鱼渔场资源与海洋环境关系的季节性变化.农业资源与环境学报,2015(3):242-249]
Thomasma LE.Standards for the development of habitat suitability index models.1981
Tzeng WN,Tseng YH,Han YS,et al.Evaluation of multi-scale climate effects on annual recruitment levels of the Japanese eel,Anguilla japonica,to Taiwan.PLoS One,2012,7(2):e30805
Wang YG,Chen XJ.World oceanic economic squid resources and fisheries.Beijing:China Ocean Press,2004:29-212[王尧耕,陈新军.世界大洋性经济柔鱼类资源及其渔业.北京:海洋出版社,2005:190-198]
Wei GE,Chen XJ.Review on neon flying squid(Ommastrephes bartramii)resources and fishing ground in the North Pacific Ocean.Journal of Guangdong Ocean University,2016,36(6):114-122[魏广恩,陈新军.北太平洋柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartramii)资源渔场研究进展.广东海洋大学学报,2016,36(6):114-122]
Yu W,Chen XJ.Analysis of environmental conditions and their influence on the abundance of neon flying squid in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(15):5032-5039[余为,陈新军.西北太平洋柔鱼栖息地环境因子分析及其对资源丰度的影响.生态学报,2015,35(15):5032-5039]
Yu W,Chen XJ,Yi Q,et al.Annual difference of abundance index and its influencing factors of Ommastrephes bartramii in traditional fishing grounds in the Northwest Pacific.Marine Fisheries,2013,35(4):373-381[余为,陈新军,易倩,等.西北太平洋柔鱼传统作业渔场资源丰度年间差异及其影响因子.海洋渔业,2013,35(4):373-381]
Yu W,Chen XJ,Yi Q,et al.Review on the early life history of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the North Pacific Ocean.Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2013,22(5):755-762[余为,陈新军,易倩,等.北太平洋柔鱼早期生活史研究进展.上海海洋大学学报,2013,22(5):755-762]
Yu W,Chen XJ,Yi Q.Relationship between spatio-temporal dynamics of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii and net primary production in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2016,38(2):64-72[余为,陈新军,易倩.西北太平洋海洋净初级生产力与柔鱼资源量变动关系的研究.海洋学报,2016,38(2):64-72]
Yu W,Chen XJ.Variability in the potential habitat of winter-spring cohort of neon flying squid Ommastrephes bartramii in the Northwest Pacific Ocean.Acta Oceanologica Sinica,2018,40(3):86-94[余为,陈新军.西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群体栖息地的变化研究.海洋学报,2018,40(3):86-94]
Zhu HD.Habitat use of six skinks in Southern Taiwan.Taipei:Sun Yat-Sen University,2002:8-9[朱宏达.南部地区六种石龙子科蜥蜴栖息地利用之研究.台北:中山大学,2002:8-9]
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