2000-2015年川西地区植被NPP时空动态及驱动因子
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摘要
对川西植被净初级生产力进行估算并分析了其时空格局变化及驱动因子与植被净初级生产力的变化关系,为深入认识川西植被生产力状况提供科学依据。在原CASA模型的基础上,通过区域实际蒸散量与区域潜在蒸散量对水分胁迫影响系数进行了改进,进而估算2000—2015年期间川西地区植被净初级生产力;运用逐像元趋势法分析了川西地区植被净初级生产力在研究期间内其空间变化情况;同时结合气象因子、土地利用变化、植被类型、地形因素、人类活动与植被净初级生产力进行了相关性分析。结果表明:川西地区植被空间差异明显,其NPP多年平均值为199 gC/(m~2·a),在2000—2015年期间,大面积区域植被NPP呈显著上升,汶川、泸定、金川、康定局部区域受自然灾害及人类活动等因素NPP呈下降趋势;降水、气温、太阳辐射等气象因子对植被空间格局分布产生一定影响,不同土地利用及植被类型的NPP差异较大;海拔与研究区NPP相关性非常显著(R~2=0.896,p<0.001);人类活动对汶川、泸定等局部地区负干扰明显。
This study is aimed to estimate the net primary productivity of vegetation in western Sichuan and analyze its spatial-temporal pattern and the relationship between net primary productivity(NPP) of vegetation and its driving factors, which provided a theoretic basis for understanding the status of vegetation productivity in this area. Specifically, the followings were investigated.(1) based on the Original CASA model, the influence coefficient of water stress on regional actual evapotranspiration and potential evapotranspiration was improved, and the NPP of vegetation in western Sichuan from 2000 to 2015 was estimated.(2) A pixel-by-pixel trend method was used to analyze the spatial variation of net primary productivity of vegetation in western Sichuan during the study period.(3) The correlation analysis was conducted between meteorological factors, land use change, vegetation type, topographic factors and human activities and net primary productivity of vegetation. The results showed that the spatial variation of vegetation in western Sichuan was obvious with the average annual NPP of 199 gC/(m~2·a); during the period 2000—2015, the NPP of vegetation in large areas increased significantly, while in some areas like Wenchuan, Luding, Jinchuan and Kangding, the values declined due to natural disasters and human activities; the meteorological parameters such as precipitation, temperature and solar radiation hadcertain influence on the spatial pattern of vegetation, causing the difference of NPP in area with different land uses and vegetation types; the correlation between altitude and NPP in the study area was highly significant(R~2=0.896, p<0.001) and human activities had a significant negative influence on NPP in the areas such as Wenchuan and Luding.
This study is aimed to estimate the net primary productivity of vegetation in western Sichuan and analyze its spatial-temporal pattern and the relationship between net primary productivity(NPP) of vegetation and its driving factors, which provided a theoretic basis for understanding the status of vegetation productivity in this area. Specifically, the followings were investigated.(1) based on the Original CASA model, the influence coefficient of water stress on regional actual evapotranspiration and potential evapotranspiration was improved, and the NPP of vegetation in western Sichuan from 2000 to 2015 was estimated.(2) A pixel-by-pixel trend method was used to analyze the spatial variation of net primary productivity of vegetation in western Sichuan during the study period.(3) The correlation analysis was conducted between meteorological factors, land use change, vegetation type, topographic factors and human activities and net primary productivity of vegetation. The results showed that the spatial variation of vegetation in western Sichuan was obvious with the average annual NPP of 199 gC/(m~2·a); during the period 2000—2015, the NPP of vegetation in large areas increased significantly, while in some areas like Wenchuan, Luding, Jinchuan and Kangding, the values declined due to natural disasters and human activities; the meteorological parameters such as precipitation, temperature and solar radiation hadcertain influence on the spatial pattern of vegetation, causing the difference of NPP in area with different land uses and vegetation types; the correlation between altitude and NPP in the study area was highly significant(R~2=0.896, p<0.001) and human activities had a significant negative influence on NPP in the areas such as Wenchuan and Luding.
引文
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[4] 毛德华,王宗明,韩佶兴,等.1982—2010年中国东北地区植被NPP时空格局及驱动因子分析[J].地理科学,2012,32(9):1106-1111.
[5] 胥晓.四川植被净第一性生产力(NPP)对全球气候变化的响应[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(6):19-24.
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[8] 李肖,袁金国,孟丹.河北省2005—2014年植被NPP时空演及其与气候因子的关系[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(6):109-114.
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[11] 卢远,鄢燕,刘淑珍.藏北高原植被净初级生产力的遥感估算[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(16):8559-8562.
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[15] 刘思瑶,卢涛,唐斌,等.基于CASA模型的四川植被净初级生产力及其时空格局分析[J].四川农业大学学报,2013,31(3):269-276.
[16] 熊俊楠,张昊,彭超,等.汶川地震灾区植被覆盖度变化与地形因子的关系[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(3):24-31,37.
[17] 沈毅,露丹.泸定县泥石流灾害特征及降水因子分析[J].高原山地气象,2014,34(2):81-85.
[18] 邓辉,基于遥感和GIS的泸定县生态地质环境质量评价[D].成都:成都理工大学,2011.
[19] 王长科,王跃思,张安定,等.若尔盖高原湿地资源及其保护对策[J].水土保持通报,2001,21(5):20-22.
[20] 王钊,李登科.2000—2015年陕西植被净初级生产力时空分布特征及其驱动因素[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(6):1876-1884.
[21] 张岚彪,张岚晶,冯一帆.基于3S技术的巴林左旗植被覆盖度与地形影响因素分析[J].现代农业,2018(2):88-92.
[22] 李晓光,刘华民,王立新,等.鄂尔多斯高原植被覆盖变化及其与气候和人类活动的关系[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(4):470-476.
[23] 黄靖,第宝锋,边静虹,等.凉山州山地灾害空间分布特征及人为驱动力分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(6):278-283.
[2] Cramer W,Kicklighter D W,Bondeau A,et al.Comparing global models of terrestrialNet primary productivity(NPP):Overview and key results[J].Global Change Biology,1995,5(S1):1-15.
[3] 张峰,周广胜.中国东北样带植被净初级生产力时空动态遥感模拟[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(4):798-809.
[4] 毛德华,王宗明,韩佶兴,等.1982—2010年中国东北地区植被NPP时空格局及驱动因子分析[J].地理科学,2012,32(9):1106-1111.
[5] 胥晓.四川植被净第一性生产力(NPP)对全球气候变化的响应[J].生态学杂志,2004,23(6):19-24.
[6] 朴世龙,方精云,郭庆华.利用CASA模型估算我国植被净第一性生产力[J].植物生态学报,2001,25(5):603-608.
[7] 李世华,牛铮,李壁成.植被净第一性生产力遥感过程模型研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(3):126-128.
[8] 李肖,袁金国,孟丹.河北省2005—2014年植被NPP时空演及其与气候因子的关系[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(6):109-114.
[9] 杨健吾.四川藏区贫困问题的现状和成因[J].西藏研究,2005(4):55-65.
[10] 韦玉臻.自然要素对四川藏区河谷型城镇空间结构影响研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2017.
[11] 卢远,鄢燕,刘淑珍.藏北高原植被净初级生产力的遥感估算[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(16):8559-8562.
[12] 朱文泉,潘耀忠,何浩.中国典型植被最大光能利用率模拟[J].科学通报,2006,51(6):700-706.
[13] 谷晓平,黄玫,季劲钧,等.近20年气候变化对西南地区植被净生产力的影响[J].自然资源学报,2007,22(2):251-259.
[14] 刘旻霞,赵瑞东,邵鹏,等.近15 a黄土高原植被覆盖时空变化及驱动力分析[J].干旱区地理,2018,41(1):99-108.
[15] 刘思瑶,卢涛,唐斌,等.基于CASA模型的四川植被净初级生产力及其时空格局分析[J].四川农业大学学报,2013,31(3):269-276.
[16] 熊俊楠,张昊,彭超,等.汶川地震灾区植被覆盖度变化与地形因子的关系[J].水土保持通报,2018,38(3):24-31,37.
[17] 沈毅,露丹.泸定县泥石流灾害特征及降水因子分析[J].高原山地气象,2014,34(2):81-85.
[18] 邓辉,基于遥感和GIS的泸定县生态地质环境质量评价[D].成都:成都理工大学,2011.
[19] 王长科,王跃思,张安定,等.若尔盖高原湿地资源及其保护对策[J].水土保持通报,2001,21(5):20-22.
[20] 王钊,李登科.2000—2015年陕西植被净初级生产力时空分布特征及其驱动因素[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(6):1876-1884.
[21] 张岚彪,张岚晶,冯一帆.基于3S技术的巴林左旗植被覆盖度与地形影响因素分析[J].现代农业,2018(2):88-92.
[22] 李晓光,刘华民,王立新,等.鄂尔多斯高原植被覆盖变化及其与气候和人类活动的关系[J].中国农业气象,2014,35(4):470-476.
[23] 黄靖,第宝锋,边静虹,等.凉山州山地灾害空间分布特征及人为驱动力分析[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(6):278-283.
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