全喂入式再生稻收割机的设计
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摘要
针对再生稻头季人工收获劳动强度大,履带式收割机收获碾压率高影响再生季萌发和产量的问题,研制了一种全喂入式再生稻收割机,可一次完成再生稻头季收割、输送、脱粒清选、秸秆粉碎和自卸粮等作业环节,根据再生稻收割机设计要求,对整机割幅、喂入量、前进速度、功率和传动路线等技术参数进行了设计计算。采用高地隙四轮驱动底盘,离地间隙≥600 mm,选用水田实心窄轮,轮宽125 mm,保证车轮行走在水稻行间,减少收获时对稻茬的碾压。田间试验结果表明,再生稻收割机碾压率比履带式水稻收割机降低了27.5%,再生稻产量增加了14.6%。
Considering the problem with manual labor-intensive harvesting rice in the first crop of ratoon rice and the high harvest efficiency of the crawler harvester, which affects the germination and yield of the ratoon rice, this paper aims to demonstrate a whole-feed ratoon rice combine, which can complete the operation links in sequence one at a time such as harvesting, conveying, threshing and separating, straw crushing and auto-unloading of ratoon rice. In accordance with the design requirements of ratoon rice combine we design and calculate the technical parameters such as swath, feeding of crop,forward velocity, power and transmission route of the whole machine. Employing high-clearance four-wheel drive chassis,ground clearance of machine ≥600 mm, paddy-field solid wheel width 125 mm to ensure that the wheel can run between the two adjacent rice reducing the rolling to rice stubble when wheel running between the rice for harvesting. The field experiment showed that the rolling rate of ratoon rice combine is 27.5% lower than that of crawler rice combine, and the yield of ratoon rice is increased by 14.6%.
Considering the problem with manual labor-intensive harvesting rice in the first crop of ratoon rice and the high harvest efficiency of the crawler harvester, which affects the germination and yield of the ratoon rice, this paper aims to demonstrate a whole-feed ratoon rice combine, which can complete the operation links in sequence one at a time such as harvesting, conveying, threshing and separating, straw crushing and auto-unloading of ratoon rice. In accordance with the design requirements of ratoon rice combine we design and calculate the technical parameters such as swath, feeding of crop,forward velocity, power and transmission route of the whole machine. Employing high-clearance four-wheel drive chassis,ground clearance of machine ≥600 mm, paddy-field solid wheel width 125 mm to ensure that the wheel can run between the two adjacent rice reducing the rolling to rice stubble when wheel running between the rice for harvesting. The field experiment showed that the rolling rate of ratoon rice combine is 27.5% lower than that of crawler rice combine, and the yield of ratoon rice is increased by 14.6%.
引文
[1]雷志强.履带式再生稻收割机底盘的设计与试验[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2017.
[2]朱永川,熊洪,徐富贤,等.再生稻栽培技术的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(36):1-8.
[3]马晓春.中稻蓄留再生稻品种筛选与头季收获方式对再生季产量的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015.
[4]刘正忠,刘秀斌,罗美玉.中稻—再生稻适宜机收品种筛选试验初报[J].种子世界,2014(9):27-29.
[5]钱太平,梅少华,张键,等.再生稻不同留桩高度和收割方式的产量及其构成因素分析[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(1):14-17.
[6]张国忠,张翼翔,黄见良,等.再生稻割穗机的设计与性能试验[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(1):131-136.
[7]何水清,朱德峰,张玉屏.再生稻生产技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2016.
[8]卢康,张国忠,彭少兵,等.双割台双滚筒全履带式再生稻收割机的设计与性能试验[J].华中农业大学学报,2017,36(5):108-114.
[9]张翔,洪瑛杰,任金波.一种前轮可变轮距的三轮再生稻收割机及其控制方法[P].中国专利,CN106068917A.
[10]郭静.高地隙水旱两用自走式喷雾机底盘动力传动系统的设计与研究[D].江苏镇江:江苏大学,2016.
[11]石毅新,蒋蘋,卢向阳,等.高地隙田间管理底盘结构设计与试验[J].农业工程,2019,9(1):72-79.
[12]李泽,石毅新,蒋蘋,等.高地隙通用作业底盘的设计与试验[J].食品与机械,2018,34(2):100-105.
[13]张肖敏.谷子联合收割机割台的设计研究[D].太原:山西农业大学,2017.
[2]朱永川,熊洪,徐富贤,等.再生稻栽培技术的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(36):1-8.
[3]马晓春.中稻蓄留再生稻品种筛选与头季收获方式对再生季产量的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2015.
[4]刘正忠,刘秀斌,罗美玉.中稻—再生稻适宜机收品种筛选试验初报[J].种子世界,2014(9):27-29.
[5]钱太平,梅少华,张键,等.再生稻不同留桩高度和收割方式的产量及其构成因素分析[J].湖北农业科学,2015,54(1):14-17.
[6]张国忠,张翼翔,黄见良,等.再生稻割穗机的设计与性能试验[J].华中农业大学学报,2016,35(1):131-136.
[7]何水清,朱德峰,张玉屏.再生稻生产技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2016.
[8]卢康,张国忠,彭少兵,等.双割台双滚筒全履带式再生稻收割机的设计与性能试验[J].华中农业大学学报,2017,36(5):108-114.
[9]张翔,洪瑛杰,任金波.一种前轮可变轮距的三轮再生稻收割机及其控制方法[P].中国专利,CN106068917A.
[10]郭静.高地隙水旱两用自走式喷雾机底盘动力传动系统的设计与研究[D].江苏镇江:江苏大学,2016.
[11]石毅新,蒋蘋,卢向阳,等.高地隙田间管理底盘结构设计与试验[J].农业工程,2019,9(1):72-79.
[12]李泽,石毅新,蒋蘋,等.高地隙通用作业底盘的设计与试验[J].食品与机械,2018,34(2):100-105.
[13]张肖敏.谷子联合收割机割台的设计研究[D].太原:山西农业大学,2017.
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