基于RS和GIS的石羊河流域生态环境质量空间分布特征及其影响因素
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摘要
基于RS和GIS技术方法,选取自然资本、社会压力和经济支撑3方面的11个指标,利用空间主成分分析法、变异系数法和层次分析法,构建自然资本指数(NCI)、社会压力指数(SPI)、经济支撑指数(ESI)以及生态环境质量评价指数(EQEI),对石羊河流域生态环境质量空间分布特征及影响因素进行分析.结果表明:石羊河流域生态环境质量整体处于较差水平,生态环境质量等级为优、良的区域主要集中在流域上游的祁连山地区,等级为较差及其以下的区域主要集中在中、下游的低山丘陵区和荒漠区.石羊河流域EQEI值在西南-东北方向上具有两极分化现象,随着距离变化,该值变化幅度较大,存在明显的空间异质性.石羊河流域生态环境质量以高-低值两种聚集模式共存,主要呈现"断裂式"分布,并具备热点高度聚集、冷点高度聚集的特征.在石羊河流域生态环境质量的影响因素中,自然资本因素占据主导地位,社会压力因素次之,经济支撑因素的影响最小.
Based on RS and GIS, 11 indexes from three aspects including natural capital, social pressure and economic supports were selected. The natural capital index(NCI), social pressure index(SPI), economic support index(ESI), and environment quality evaluation index(EQEI) were constructed by using spatial principal component analysis, variation coefficient method, and analytic hierarchy process. The spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factor of the environmental quality in Shiyang River Basin were analyzed. The results showed that the overall environmental quality was at poor level in Shiyang River Basin. The regions with better classes of environmental quality were mainly concentrated in the upper reaches of Qilian Mountains, and those with poorer classes were mainly concentrated in the middle-lower reaches of low hills land and desert. The EQEI value in Shiyang River Basin had polarization phenomenon from southwest to northeast. With the variation of distance, the value had large variation range, with obvious spatial heterogeneity. The environmental quality showed both high and low aggregation patterns, with "fault" distribution. There were highly clustered hot spots and highly clustered cold spots in the basin. Among the influen-cing factors of environmental quality, natural capital was the dominant one, social pressure was the second, and economic support was the least contributor.
Based on RS and GIS, 11 indexes from three aspects including natural capital, social pressure and economic supports were selected. The natural capital index(NCI), social pressure index(SPI), economic support index(ESI), and environment quality evaluation index(EQEI) were constructed by using spatial principal component analysis, variation coefficient method, and analytic hierarchy process. The spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factor of the environmental quality in Shiyang River Basin were analyzed. The results showed that the overall environmental quality was at poor level in Shiyang River Basin. The regions with better classes of environmental quality were mainly concentrated in the upper reaches of Qilian Mountains, and those with poorer classes were mainly concentrated in the middle-lower reaches of low hills land and desert. The EQEI value in Shiyang River Basin had polarization phenomenon from southwest to northeast. With the variation of distance, the value had large variation range, with obvious spatial heterogeneity. The environmental quality showed both high and low aggregation patterns, with "fault" distribution. There were highly clustered hot spots and highly clustered cold spots in the basin. Among the influen-cing factors of environmental quality, natural capital was the dominant one, social pressure was the second, and economic support was the least contributor.
引文
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[26] Wei W (魏伟),Xie Y-W (颉耀文),Wei X-X (魏晓旭),et al.Land use optimization based on CLUE-S model and ecological security scenario in Shiyang River Basin.Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University (武汉大学学报·信息科学版),2017,42(9):1306-1315 (in Chinese)
[27] Wang Z-J (王志杰),Su Y (苏嫄).Analysis of Eco-environmental vulnerability characteristics of Hanzhong City,near the water source midway along the route of the south-to-north water transfer project,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(2):432-442 (in Chinese)
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[29] Ma S-T (麻素挺),Tang J (汤洁),Lin N-F (林年丰).Synthetic assessment of eco-environment in the western Jilin Province based on multi-sources GIS and RS spatial information.Resources Science (资源科学),2004,26(4):140-145 (in Chinese)
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[31] Guo Z-C (郭泽呈),Wei W (魏伟),Pang S-F (庞素菲),et al.Spatio-temporal evolution and motivation analysis of ecological vulnerability in Arid Inland River Basin based on SPCA and remote sensing index:A case study on the Shiyang River Basin.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2019,39(7):2558-2572 (in Chinese)
[32] Zhong S-X (钟赛香),Hu P (胡鹏),Xue X-M (薛熙明),et al.Multi-factor comprehensive evaluation model based on the selection of objective weight assignment method.Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报),2015,70(12):2011-2031 (in Chinese)
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[34] Shi S-E (石三娥),Wei W (魏伟),Yang D (杨东),et al.Spatial and temporal evolution of eco-environmental quality in the oasis of Shiyang River Basin based on RSEDI.Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志),2018,37(4):1152-1163 (in Chinese)
[35] Chen P-Y (陈培阳),Zhu X-G (朱喜钢).Regional inequalities in China at different scales.Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报),2012,67(8):1085-1097 (in Chinese)
[36] Wang Z (王钊),Yang S (杨山),Wang Y-J (王玉娟),et al.Analysis of cold-hot pattern of urban spatial expansion based on minimum cumulative resistance model:A case study of Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou area.Economic Geography (经济地理),2016,36(3):57-64 (in Chinese)
[37] Wang J-F (王劲峰),Xu C-D (徐成东).Geodetector:Principle and prospective.Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报),2017,72(1):116-134 (in Chinese)
[38] Wu P (武鹏),Li T-S (李同昇),Li W-M (李卫民).Spatial differentiation and influencing factors analy-sis of rural poverty at county scale:A case study of Shanyang County in Shaanxi Province,China.Geographi-cal Research (地理研究),2018,37(3):171-182 (in Chinese)
[39] Wang B (王蓓),Zhao J (赵军),Hu X-F (胡秀芳).Analysison trade-offs and synergistic relationships among multiple ecosystem services in the Shiyang River Basin.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(21):7582-7595 (in Chinese)
[2] Peng J (彭建),Wu J-S (吴健生),Pan Y-J (潘雅婧),et al.Evaluation for regional ecological sustaina-bility based on PSR model:Conceptual framework.Progress in Geography (地理科学进展),2012,31(7):933-940 (in Chinese)
[3] Malekmohammadi B,Blouchi LR.Ecological risk assessment of wetland ecosystems using multi criteria decision making and geographic information system.Ecological Indicators,2014,41:133-144
[4] Fu B-J (傅伯杰),Liu Y (刘宇).Global ecosystem observation and research programs:Evolution and insights for future development.Progress in Geography (地理科学进展),2014,33(7):893-902 (in Chinese)
[5] Hu X,Xu H.A new remote sensing index for assessing the spatial heterogeneity in urban ecological quality:A case from Fuzhou City,China.Ecological Indicators,2018,89:11-21
[6] Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China (中华人民共和国生态环境部).Technical Criterion for Ecosystem Status Evaluation (HJ/T 192-2015) [EB/OL].(2015-03-13) [2018-09-28] http://kjs.mee.gov.cn/hjbhbz/bzwb/stzl/201503/t20150324_298011.shtml (in Chinese)
[7] Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China (中华人民共和国生态环境部).Technical Criterion for Ecosystem Status Evaluation (HJ/T 192-2006) [EB/OL].(2006-03-13) [2018-09-28] http://kjs.mee.gov.cn/hjbhbz/bzwb/stzl/200605/t20060501_74874.shtml (in Chinese)
[8] Wang S-Y (王士远),Zhang X-X (张学霞),Zhu T (朱彤),et al.Assessment of ecological environment quality in the Changbai Mountain Nature Reserve based on remote sensing technology.Progress in Geography (地理科学进展),2016,35(10):1269-1278 (in Chinese)
[9] Man W-D (满卫东),Liu M-Y (刘明月),Li X-Y (李晓燕),et al.Assessment on the dynamics of eco-environmental statuses from 1990 to 2015 in the ecological function zone of Sanjiang Plain.Journal of Arid Land Resources & Environment (干旱区资源与环境),2018,32(2):136-141 (in Chinese)
[10] Lu Z-W (陆张维),Wu C-F (吴次芳),Yue W-Z (岳文泽),et al.The assessment on residential ecological environment in the central city of Hangzhou.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2010,30(11):2856-2863 (in Chinese)
[11] Xu H-Q (徐涵秋).A remote sensing urban ecological index and its application.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2013,33(24):7853-7862 (in Chinese)
[12] Xie X-F (解雪峰),Wu T (吴涛),Xiao C (肖翠),et al.Ecological security assessment of the Dong-yang River watershed using PSR modeling.Resources Science (资源科学),2014,36(8):1702-1711 (in Chinese)
[13] Liu Y (刘洋),Lyu J-S (吕建树),Wu Q-Y (吴泉源),et al.Comprehensive assessment of regional ecological environment based on object-orientation theory.China Environmental Science (中国环境科学),2012,32(8):1521-1529 (in Chinese)
[14] Liang B-B (梁变变),Shi P-J (石培基),Wang W (王伟),et al.Integrated assessment of ecosystem quality of arid inland river basin based on RS and GIS:A case study on Shiyang River Basin,Northwest China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2017,28(1):199-209 (in Chinese)
[15] Zhou X-C (周小成),Wang X-Q (汪小钦),Jiang H (江洪),et al.Remote sensing based evaluation and analysis on change of eco-environmental quality in Jiulong River basin.Journal of Geo-Information Science (地球信息科学学报),2009,11(2):231-236 (in Chinese)
[16] Wang L-H (王立辉),Huang J-L (黄进良),Du Y (杜耘).Eco-environmental evaluation of niddle route of the South-To-North water transfer project.Resources & Environment in the Yangtze Basin (长江流域资源与环境),2011,20(2):161-166 (in Chinese)
[17] Zhou W-Y (周文英),He B-B (何彬彬).Eco-environmental quality assessment of Ruoergai County in Sichuan Province based on multi-sources remote sensing data.Journal of Geo-Information Science (地球信息科学学报),2014,16(2):314-319 (in Chinese)
[18] Liu Z (刘庄),Xie Z-R (谢志仁),Shen W-S (沈渭寿).A new method that can improve regional eco-environment evaluation:Combining GIS with AHP.Resources & Environment in the Yangtze Basin (长江流域资源与环境),2003,12(2):163-168 (in Chinese)
[19] Chai Y-N (柴燕妮),Wei G-J (魏冠军),Hou W (侯伟),et al.Multi-scale eco-environmental quality evaluation method from a spatial perspective.Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志),2018,37(2):596-604 (in Chinese)
[20] Xiao D-N (肖笃宁),Li X-Y (李小玉),Song D-M (宋冬梅).Landscape changes and ecological reconstruction in Minqin Huqu oasis.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2005,25(10):2477-2483 (in Chinese)
[21] Wei W (魏伟),Shi P-J (石培基),Feng H-C (冯海春),et al.Study on the suitability evaluation of the human settlements environment in arid inland river basin:A case study on the Shiyang River Basin.Journal of Natural Resources (自然资源学报),2012,27(11):1940-1950 (in Chinese)
[22] Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China (中华人民共和国自然资源部).Current Land Use Classification (GB/T 21010-2017) [EB/OL].(2017-07-01) [2018-09-28].http://www.mnr.gov.cn/dt/ywbb/201810/t20181030_2288891.html (in Chinese)
[23] Gansu Province Bureau of Statistics (甘肃省统计局).Gansu Development Yearbook 2017 [EB/OL].(2018-04-25) [2018-09-28].http://www.gstj.gov.cn/tjnj/2017 (in Chinese)
[24] Fung T,Siu W.Environmental quality and its changes,an analysis using NDVI.International Journal of Remote Sensing,2000,21:1011-1024
[25] Zhang X-L (张学玲),Zhang Y (张莹),Niu D-K (牛德奎),et al.Spatial-temporal dynamics of upland meadow coverage on Wugong Mountain based on TM NDVI.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(7):2414-2424 (in Chinese)
[26] Wei W (魏伟),Xie Y-W (颉耀文),Wei X-X (魏晓旭),et al.Land use optimization based on CLUE-S model and ecological security scenario in Shiyang River Basin.Geomatics and Information Science of Wuhan University (武汉大学学报·信息科学版),2017,42(9):1306-1315 (in Chinese)
[27] Wang Z-J (王志杰),Su Y (苏嫄).Analysis of Eco-environmental vulnerability characteristics of Hanzhong City,near the water source midway along the route of the south-to-north water transfer project,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(2):432-442 (in Chinese)
[28] Wang G-X (王根绪),Cheng G-D (程国栋).Ecological features and variance of soils in Northwest Arid Area of China.Journal of Arid Land Resources & Environment (干旱区资源与环境),1999,13(3):14-22 (in Chinese)
[29] Ma S-T (麻素挺),Tang J (汤洁),Lin N-F (林年丰).Synthetic assessment of eco-environment in the western Jilin Province based on multi-sources GIS and RS spatial information.Resources Science (资源科学),2004,26(4):140-145 (in Chinese)
[30] Huang M (黄明),Zhang X-X (张学霞),Zhang J-J (张建军),et al.A multi-scale simulation of land use change in Luoyugou Watershed based on CLUE-S model.Resources Science (资源科学),2012,34(4):769-776 (in Chinese)
[31] Guo Z-C (郭泽呈),Wei W (魏伟),Pang S-F (庞素菲),et al.Spatio-temporal evolution and motivation analysis of ecological vulnerability in Arid Inland River Basin based on SPCA and remote sensing index:A case study on the Shiyang River Basin.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2019,39(7):2558-2572 (in Chinese)
[32] Zhong S-X (钟赛香),Hu P (胡鹏),Xue X-M (薛熙明),et al.Multi-factor comprehensive evaluation model based on the selection of objective weight assignment method.Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报),2015,70(12):2011-2031 (in Chinese)
[33] Wei W (魏伟),Shi P-J (石培基),Zhou J-J (周俊菊),et al.Comprehensive assessment of eco-environmental quality based on GIS and combination weighting method in Shiyang River Basin.Journal of Arid Land Resources & Environment (干旱区资源与环境),2015,29(1):175-180 (in Chinese)
[34] Shi S-E (石三娥),Wei W (魏伟),Yang D (杨东),et al.Spatial and temporal evolution of eco-environmental quality in the oasis of Shiyang River Basin based on RSEDI.Chinese Journal of Ecology (生态学杂志),2018,37(4):1152-1163 (in Chinese)
[35] Chen P-Y (陈培阳),Zhu X-G (朱喜钢).Regional inequalities in China at different scales.Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报),2012,67(8):1085-1097 (in Chinese)
[36] Wang Z (王钊),Yang S (杨山),Wang Y-J (王玉娟),et al.Analysis of cold-hot pattern of urban spatial expansion based on minimum cumulative resistance model:A case study of Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou area.Economic Geography (经济地理),2016,36(3):57-64 (in Chinese)
[37] Wang J-F (王劲峰),Xu C-D (徐成东).Geodetector:Principle and prospective.Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报),2017,72(1):116-134 (in Chinese)
[38] Wu P (武鹏),Li T-S (李同昇),Li W-M (李卫民).Spatial differentiation and influencing factors analy-sis of rural poverty at county scale:A case study of Shanyang County in Shaanxi Province,China.Geographi-cal Research (地理研究),2018,37(3):171-182 (in Chinese)
[39] Wang B (王蓓),Zhao J (赵军),Hu X-F (胡秀芳).Analysison trade-offs and synergistic relationships among multiple ecosystem services in the Shiyang River Basin.Acta Ecologica Sinica (生态学报),2018,38(21):7582-7595 (in Chinese)
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