有机污染土壤异位直接热脱附装置节能降耗方案
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摘要
以异位直接热脱附技术的原理、适用范围、工艺流程、优缺点等为基础,建立了输入、输出能量平衡关系式并进行了热平衡计算;针对该工艺能耗过高的问题,分析了系统各部分能耗,提出了节能降耗方案。通过烟气热回用装置,将二燃室后高温烟气余热能量经循环管道输送给土壤预干燥装置,将有机污染土壤含水率降低,从而减少系统总能耗。结果表明:经过热力计算,土壤水分预干燥量越大,系统节能效果越好;烟气余热足够用于土壤预干燥减少17%左右土壤水分的要求。通过土壤预干燥装置将土壤水分从20%降低到15%,可使直接热脱附装置降低能耗20%以上。
With the implementation of the policies ‘relocation of industrial enterprises in the old city to the suburbs' and ‘re-planning of residential land for residential use' in our country, the possible environmental heath problems resulting from the organic pollution sites left during the relocation of high pollution chemical enterprises need to be resolved, it is urgent to carry out the contaminated soil remediation. Ex-situ direct thermal desorption is one of the main techniques for contaminated soil remediation. Based on the principles, application scope, process flow, advantages and disadvantages of the ex-situ direct thermal desorption technology, the input and output energy balance equations were established and the heat transfer balance was calculated. Aiming at the high energy consumption, the energy consumption of each part was analyzed and the energy saving plan was raised. The flue gas reusing device was used to transfer the waste heat energy from the high-temperature flue gas after the second combustion chamber to the soil pre-drying device through the circulating pipeline. The moisture content of the organic polluted soil decreased, and the total energy consumption of the system was significantly reduced. According to the thermodynamic calculation, the more moisture of the soil decreased, the more energy could be saved. Flue gas waste heat was enough to reduce soil moisture by about 17% for soil pre-drying.According to the analysis, due to the limited continuous drying capacity of soil, the reduction of soil moisture from 20% to 15% with the soil pre-drying device could reduce the energy consumption by more than 20% for the direct thermal desorption device. The feasibility, advantages and disadvantages, and application scope of the disc continuous dryer and the rotary kiln dryer as the soil pre-drying device were compared. This study provides the reference for the selection of direct thermal desorption and energy-saving devices.
With the implementation of the policies ‘relocation of industrial enterprises in the old city to the suburbs' and ‘re-planning of residential land for residential use' in our country, the possible environmental heath problems resulting from the organic pollution sites left during the relocation of high pollution chemical enterprises need to be resolved, it is urgent to carry out the contaminated soil remediation. Ex-situ direct thermal desorption is one of the main techniques for contaminated soil remediation. Based on the principles, application scope, process flow, advantages and disadvantages of the ex-situ direct thermal desorption technology, the input and output energy balance equations were established and the heat transfer balance was calculated. Aiming at the high energy consumption, the energy consumption of each part was analyzed and the energy saving plan was raised. The flue gas reusing device was used to transfer the waste heat energy from the high-temperature flue gas after the second combustion chamber to the soil pre-drying device through the circulating pipeline. The moisture content of the organic polluted soil decreased, and the total energy consumption of the system was significantly reduced. According to the thermodynamic calculation, the more moisture of the soil decreased, the more energy could be saved. Flue gas waste heat was enough to reduce soil moisture by about 17% for soil pre-drying.According to the analysis, due to the limited continuous drying capacity of soil, the reduction of soil moisture from 20% to 15% with the soil pre-drying device could reduce the energy consumption by more than 20% for the direct thermal desorption device. The feasibility, advantages and disadvantages, and application scope of the disc continuous dryer and the rotary kiln dryer as the soil pre-drying device were compared. This study provides the reference for the selection of direct thermal desorption and energy-saving devices.
引文
[1]祁志福.多氯联苯污染土壤热脱附过程关键影响因素的实验研究及应用[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[2]ZHAO C,DONG Y,FENG Y,et al.Thermal desorption for remediation of contaminated soil:A review[J].Chemosphere,2019,221:841-855.
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[4]吴嘉茵,方战强,薛成杰,等.我国有机物污染场地土壤修复技术的专利计量分析[J].环境工程学报,2019,13(8):2015-2024.
[5]LIU J,ZHANG H,YAO Z,et al.Thermal desorption of PCBs contaminated soil with calcium hydroxide in a rotary kiln[J].Chemosphere,2019,220:1041-1046.
[6]高艳菲.六六六和滴滴涕污染场地土壤的修复[D].南京:南京农业大学,2011.
[7]马福俊,丛鑫,张倩,等.模拟水泥窑工艺对污染土壤热解吸尾气中六氯苯的去除效果[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(8):1311-1316.
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[9]FRANTISEK K,PAVEL T,KAREL S,et al.Remediation of contaminated soils by thermal desorption:Effect of benzoyl peroxide addition[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,125:309-313.
[10]王奕文,马福俊,张倩,等.热脱附尾气处理技术研究进展[J].环境工程技术学报,2017,7(1):52-58.
[11]傅海辉,黄启飞,朱晓华,等.温度和停留时间对十溴联苯醚在污染土壤中热脱附的影响[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(9):981-986.
[12]于颖,周启星.污染土壤化学修复技术研究与进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,6(7):1-7.
[13]李玉双,胡晓钧,宋雪英,等.城市工业污染场地土壤修复技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(10):6119-6122.
[14]王瑛,李扬,黄启飞,等.污染物浓度与土壤粒径对热脱附修复DDTs污染土壤的影响[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(9):1016-1022.
[15]高国龙,蒋建国,李梦露.有机物污染土壤热脱附技术研究与应用[J].环境工程,2012,30(1):128-131.
[16]白四红,陈彤,祁志福,等.载气流量及升温速率对污染土壤中多氯联苯热脱附的影响[J].化工学报,2014,65(6):2256-2263.
[17]赵中华.含氯有机污染土壤热脱附及联合处置研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2018.
[18]HOU D Y,GU Q B,MA F J,et al.Life cycle assessment comparison of thermal desorption and stabilization/solidification of mercury contaminated soil on agricultural land[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,139:949-956.
[19]XI H,HE Y L,WANG J H,et al.Transient response of waste heat recovery system for hydrogen production and other renewable energy utilization[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2019,44(30):15985-15996.
[20]张群力,王明爽,矫育青,等.喷淋式助燃空气加湿型烟气冷凝余热回收系统实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2019,19(11):123-129.
[21]于晓娟,阚德民,顾吉浩.天津某燃气锅炉的烟气余热回收案例实测分析[J].河北工业大学学报,2019,48(2):56-61.
[22]LU D,CHEN G F,GONG M Q,et al.Thermodynamic and economic analysis of a gas-fired absorption heat pump for district heating with cascade recovery of flue gas waste heat[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2019,185:87-100.
[23]徐廷万.焦炉烟气SDS脱硫与余热回收的一体化应用[J].四川化工,2019,22(2):25-27.
[24]李顺营,彭秋菊,韩晓静,等.盐湖卤水制取电池级碳酸锂生产中盘式连续干燥器的应用[J].化学工程与装备,2015(10):182-184.
[25]郝万鹏.盘式连续干燥机在聚天冬氨酸生产中的应用[J].化工管理,2015(17):18.
[26]张继军,杨大成,李俊茹.盘式连续干燥器的耙叶设计探讨[J].化学工程,2011,39(3):13-17.
[27]苏全卫,周航.连续盘式热风干燥器干燥盘结构设计与传热分析[J].食品与机械,2017,33(1):97-100.
[28]周镝,冯正茂,徐彦国.盘式连续干燥器与回转窑干燥机干燥镍精矿的比较[J].化工机械,2009,36(3):230-233.
[29]贺金森,唐永亮.精矿预干燥回转窑作业管理及故障分析[J].铜业工程,2017(5):93-96.
[30]寇向上,郭鹏飞.镍铁回转窑-干燥窑系统除尘工艺分析[J].中国环保产业,2017(1):42-44.
[31]赖栋文,王欢.浅谈红土镍矿回转窑:干燥窑系统电除尘器分析与应用[J].资源节约与环保,2016(6):52-54.
[32]魏博.回转窑预干燥炉炉顶部位湿式喷补料的施工性[J].耐火与石灰,2014,39(5):37-38.
[2]ZHAO C,DONG Y,FENG Y,et al.Thermal desorption for remediation of contaminated soil:A review[J].Chemosphere,2019,221:841-855.
[3]白四红.高浓度多氯联苯污染土壤热脱附特性实验研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2014.
[4]吴嘉茵,方战强,薛成杰,等.我国有机物污染场地土壤修复技术的专利计量分析[J].环境工程学报,2019,13(8):2015-2024.
[5]LIU J,ZHANG H,YAO Z,et al.Thermal desorption of PCBs contaminated soil with calcium hydroxide in a rotary kiln[J].Chemosphere,2019,220:1041-1046.
[6]高艳菲.六六六和滴滴涕污染场地土壤的修复[D].南京:南京农业大学,2011.
[7]马福俊,丛鑫,张倩,等.模拟水泥窑工艺对污染土壤热解吸尾气中六氯苯的去除效果[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(8):1311-1316.
[8]O'BRIEN P L,DESUTTER T M,CASEY F X,et al.Implications of using thermal desorption to remediate contaminated agricultural soil:Physical characteristics and hydraulic processes.[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2016,45(4):1430-1432.
[9]FRANTISEK K,PAVEL T,KAREL S,et al.Remediation of contaminated soils by thermal desorption:Effect of benzoyl peroxide addition[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,125:309-313.
[10]王奕文,马福俊,张倩,等.热脱附尾气处理技术研究进展[J].环境工程技术学报,2017,7(1):52-58.
[11]傅海辉,黄启飞,朱晓华,等.温度和停留时间对十溴联苯醚在污染土壤中热脱附的影响[J].环境科学研究,2012,25(9):981-986.
[12]于颖,周启星.污染土壤化学修复技术研究与进展[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2005,6(7):1-7.
[13]李玉双,胡晓钧,宋雪英,等.城市工业污染场地土壤修复技术研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2012,40(10):6119-6122.
[14]王瑛,李扬,黄启飞,等.污染物浓度与土壤粒径对热脱附修复DDTs污染土壤的影响[J].环境科学研究,2011,24(9):1016-1022.
[15]高国龙,蒋建国,李梦露.有机物污染土壤热脱附技术研究与应用[J].环境工程,2012,30(1):128-131.
[16]白四红,陈彤,祁志福,等.载气流量及升温速率对污染土壤中多氯联苯热脱附的影响[J].化工学报,2014,65(6):2256-2263.
[17]赵中华.含氯有机污染土壤热脱附及联合处置研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2018.
[18]HOU D Y,GU Q B,MA F J,et al.Life cycle assessment comparison of thermal desorption and stabilization/solidification of mercury contaminated soil on agricultural land[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2016,139:949-956.
[19]XI H,HE Y L,WANG J H,et al.Transient response of waste heat recovery system for hydrogen production and other renewable energy utilization[J].International Journal of Hydrogen Energy,2019,44(30):15985-15996.
[20]张群力,王明爽,矫育青,等.喷淋式助燃空气加湿型烟气冷凝余热回收系统实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2019,19(11):123-129.
[21]于晓娟,阚德民,顾吉浩.天津某燃气锅炉的烟气余热回收案例实测分析[J].河北工业大学学报,2019,48(2):56-61.
[22]LU D,CHEN G F,GONG M Q,et al.Thermodynamic and economic analysis of a gas-fired absorption heat pump for district heating with cascade recovery of flue gas waste heat[J].Energy Conversion and Management,2019,185:87-100.
[23]徐廷万.焦炉烟气SDS脱硫与余热回收的一体化应用[J].四川化工,2019,22(2):25-27.
[24]李顺营,彭秋菊,韩晓静,等.盐湖卤水制取电池级碳酸锂生产中盘式连续干燥器的应用[J].化学工程与装备,2015(10):182-184.
[25]郝万鹏.盘式连续干燥机在聚天冬氨酸生产中的应用[J].化工管理,2015(17):18.
[26]张继军,杨大成,李俊茹.盘式连续干燥器的耙叶设计探讨[J].化学工程,2011,39(3):13-17.
[27]苏全卫,周航.连续盘式热风干燥器干燥盘结构设计与传热分析[J].食品与机械,2017,33(1):97-100.
[28]周镝,冯正茂,徐彦国.盘式连续干燥器与回转窑干燥机干燥镍精矿的比较[J].化工机械,2009,36(3):230-233.
[29]贺金森,唐永亮.精矿预干燥回转窑作业管理及故障分析[J].铜业工程,2017(5):93-96.
[30]寇向上,郭鹏飞.镍铁回转窑-干燥窑系统除尘工艺分析[J].中国环保产业,2017(1):42-44.
[31]赖栋文,王欢.浅谈红土镍矿回转窑:干燥窑系统电除尘器分析与应用[J].资源节约与环保,2016(6):52-54.
[32]魏博.回转窑预干燥炉炉顶部位湿式喷补料的施工性[J].耐火与石灰,2014,39(5):37-38.
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