松辽平原浅层地下水降落漏斗演变及控制因素分析
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摘要
通过收集分析松辽平原潜水埋深监测资料,选取典型潜水监测站,基于监测站2005—2015年历年水文要素数据,结合全国水资源公报,分析松辽平原2005、2015年潜水埋深演变特征并确定研究区浅层地下水变化的主要控制因素。研究表明:①松辽平原浅层地下水降深中心位于吉林省松原市前郭尔罗斯蒙古族自治县,埋深已达48 m,埋深大于10 m的区域面积占全区总面积的64.74%,与2005年相比,2015年埋深大于10 m的区域面积增加1.95万km~2;②通过对2005—2015年这11 a降水量和地下水开采量的变化分析,发现地下水位下降与人类开采地下水和降水量减少密切相关,通过采用灰色关联度计算分析可知人工开采是影响松辽平原潜水埋深变化的主导因子。
Based on the analysis of collected phreatic water depth monitoring data in Songliao Plain, the typical phreatic water monitoring station and the data of hydrological factors of the monitoring stations from 2005 to 2015, and combined with the national water resources bulletin, this paper analyzes the evolution characteristics of phreatic water depth in Songliao plain in 2005 and 2015 and defines the main controlling factors for shallow groundwater changes in the research area. The results show that: ① the shallow groundwater depression center of Songliao Plain is located in the Mongolian Autonomous County of Qian Gorlos, Songyuan City, Jilin Province. The depth reaches 48 m, and the area with the depth of more than 10 m accounts for 64.74% of the total area. Compared with 2005, the area with the depth of more than 10 m increased by 195 million km~2 in 2015. ② By analyzing the changes of precipitation and groundwater exploitation from 2005 to 2015, it is found that the decrease of groundwater level is closely related to the human exploitation of groundwater and the decrease of precipitation. Through the gray relation analysis and calculation, it is believed that artificial exploitation is the leading factor affecting the change of phreatic water depth in Songliao Plain.
Based on the analysis of collected phreatic water depth monitoring data in Songliao Plain, the typical phreatic water monitoring station and the data of hydrological factors of the monitoring stations from 2005 to 2015, and combined with the national water resources bulletin, this paper analyzes the evolution characteristics of phreatic water depth in Songliao plain in 2005 and 2015 and defines the main controlling factors for shallow groundwater changes in the research area. The results show that: ① the shallow groundwater depression center of Songliao Plain is located in the Mongolian Autonomous County of Qian Gorlos, Songyuan City, Jilin Province. The depth reaches 48 m, and the area with the depth of more than 10 m accounts for 64.74% of the total area. Compared with 2005, the area with the depth of more than 10 m increased by 195 million km~2 in 2015. ② By analyzing the changes of precipitation and groundwater exploitation from 2005 to 2015, it is found that the decrease of groundwater level is closely related to the human exploitation of groundwater and the decrease of precipitation. Through the gray relation analysis and calculation, it is believed that artificial exploitation is the leading factor affecting the change of phreatic water depth in Songliao Plain.
引文
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[3] 王丽,朱远生,马海涛,等.珠江地下水资源开发利用变化研究和管理建议[J].人民珠江,2015,36(5):1-3.
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[5] 吴海燕.湛江市地下水开发过程中引发的主要环境地质问题[J].人民珠江,2007,28(4):56-57.
[6] 唐婷.东北平原也存在地下水超采吗?[J].中国生态文明,2018(2):94.
[7] 王颖.辽宁省地下水资源开发利用存在问题及对策研究[J].水利规划与设计,2017(2):14-15.
[8] HASSAN A E.Validation of numerical ground water models used to guide decision making[J].Ground Water,2004,42(6):277-290.
[9] 杨怀德,冯起,郭小燕.民勤绿洲地下水埋深年际变化动态及影响因素[J].中国沙漠,2017,37(3):562-570.
[10]王鸿翔,陈秋米,张海涛,等.基于主成分分析的宁夏水资源承载力研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2018(11):30-34.
[11]马晓琳.衡水市浅层地下水动态影响因素分析[J].水科学与工程技术,2018(1):40-42.
[12]王雅云.民勤绿洲地下水埋深动态变化及其影响因子研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学,2018.
[13]田文英.辽宁省浅层地下水开发利用存在的主要问题及对策[J].水利规划与设计,2017(1):43-45.
[14]马毓延,尹燕奎.辽宁水资源承载能力分析与研究[J].东北水利水电,2007(4):32-33.
[15]张立,李继平,何丽丽.珠江流域水资源变化趋势分析[J].人民珠江,1996(6):45-46.
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