青藏高原北部土壤正构烷烃氢同位素及物源意义
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摘要
采用正构烷烃及其单体氢同位素组成特征相结合的方法研究了青藏高原北部多年冻土区表层土壤正构烷烃(C_(21)～C_(33))的生物来源.研究表明:表层土壤中正构烷烃呈双峰型和三峰型的分布特征,表明其具有多个生物来源.长链长正构烷烃(C_(25)～C_(33))主要来源于陆源高等植物.表层土壤中长链长正构烷烃(C_(25)～C_(33))中奇碳数正构烷烃的δD值比偶碳数的整体偏轻,原因可能是两者的生物合成途径不同.对中等链长正构烷烃聚类分析后分为两种类型,类型Ⅰ的中等链长正构烷烃(C_(21)～C_(24))主要来源于陆源高等植物,类型Ⅱ的中等链长正构烷烃主要来源于细菌等微生物降解的产物.表层土壤样品(FHS-10、TG2-10和TG3-10)中等链长的正构烷烃δD值最轻,应为δD值偏轻的水源和细菌等微生物降解共同作用的结果.
Origins of n-alkanes in surface soil from permafrost regions in the northern part of the Tibetan Plateau were studied by the distributions of n-alkanes, and the δD values of individual n-alkanes. That the distributions of the n-alkanes showed bimodal and trimodal patterns, suggesting that they were derived from multiple sources. The long-chain n-alkanes were mainly derived from higher terrestrial plants. Those of odd carbon number(C_(25)～C_(33)) were lighter than those with even carbon number, which might be caused by different biosynthetic pathways. Cluster analysis indicated that the medium-chain typeⅠ n-alkanes(C_(21)～C_(24)) were mainly derived from higher terrestrial plants, and the medium-chain type Ⅱ n-alkanes might have originated from microorganisms such as bacteria. The medium-chain n-alkane δD values of samples FHS-10, TG2-10 and TG3-10 were the lightest, due to both the light δD values of water and bacteria or other microorganisms.
Origins of n-alkanes in surface soil from permafrost regions in the northern part of the Tibetan Plateau were studied by the distributions of n-alkanes, and the δD values of individual n-alkanes. That the distributions of the n-alkanes showed bimodal and trimodal patterns, suggesting that they were derived from multiple sources. The long-chain n-alkanes were mainly derived from higher terrestrial plants. Those of odd carbon number(C_(25)～C_(33)) were lighter than those with even carbon number, which might be caused by different biosynthetic pathways. Cluster analysis indicated that the medium-chain typeⅠ n-alkanes(C_(21)～C_(24)) were mainly derived from higher terrestrial plants, and the medium-chain type Ⅱ n-alkanes might have originated from microorganisms such as bacteria. The medium-chain n-alkane δD values of samples FHS-10, TG2-10 and TG3-10 were the lightest, due to both the light δD values of water and bacteria or other microorganisms.
引文
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[20] Zhuang, G S, Brandon M T, Pagani M, et al. Leaf wax stable isotopes from Northern Tibetan Plateau:Implications for uplift and climate since 15Ma[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2014,390:186-198.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.01.003.
[21] Jia G D, Bai Y, Ma Y J, et al. Paleoelevation of Tibetan Lunpola basin in the Oligocene-Miocene transition estimated from leaf wax lipid dual isotopes[J]. Global and Planetary Change, 2015,126:14-22.10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.12.007.
[22] Hou J Z, D'Andrea W J, Huang Y S. Can sedimentary leaf waxes record D/H ratios of continental precipitation? Field, model, and experimental assessments[J]. Geochimica Et Cosmochimica Acta,2008,72(14):3503-3517.
[23] Guenther F, Aichner B, Siegwolf R, et al. A synthesis of hydrogen isotope variability and its hydrological significance at the qinghaiTibetan Plateau[J]. Quaternary International, 2013,313-314:3-16.
[24]田茜,方小敏,王明达.青藏高原干旱区湖泊正构烷烃氢同位素记录降水同位素[J].科学通报,2017,62(7):700-710.Tian Q, Fang X M, Wang M D. Sedimentary n-alkanes record of precipitation D/H ratios in arid regions of the Tibetan Plateau[J].Chinese Science Bulletin, 2017,62(7):700-710.
[25]胡星,朱立平,汪勇,等.青藏高原西部湖泊沉积正构烃及其单体δD的气候意义[J].科学通报,2014,59(19):1892-1903.Hu X, Zhu L P, Wang Y, et al. Climatic significance of n-alkanes andtheir compound-specific 8D values from lake surface sediments on the Southwestern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2014,59(19):1892-1903.
[26] Xia Z H, Xu B Q, Muegler I, et al. Hydrogen isotope ratios of terrigenous n-alkanes in lacustrine surface sediment of the Tibetan Plateau record the precipitation signal[J]. Geochemical Journal, 2008,42(4):331-338.
[27] Rao Z G, Jia G D, Qiang M R, et al. Assessment of the difference between mid-and long chain compound specificδD n-alkanes values in lacustrine sediments as a paleoclimatic indicator[J]. Organic Geochemistry, 2014,76:104-117.
[28]许丽,李江海,刘持恒,等.基于数字高程模型(DEM)的可可西里地貌及区划研究[J].北京大学学报(自然科学版),2017,53(5):833-842.Xu L,Li J H, Liu H C, et al. Research on geomorphological morphology and regionalization of Hoh Xil based on digital elevation model(DEM)[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2017,53(5):833-842.
[29]周金星,易作明,李冬雪,等.青藏铁路沿线原生植被多样性分布格局研究[J].水土保持学报,2007,21(3):173-177+187.Zhou J X, Yi Z M, Li D X, et al. Distribution patterns of species diversity of natural vegetation along Qinghai-Tibetan railway[J].Joural of Soil and Water Conservation,2007,21(3):173-177+187.
[30]王谋,李勇,白宪洲,等.全球变暖对青藏高原腹地草地资源的影响[J].自然资源学报,2004,19(3):331-336.Wang M, Li Y, Bai X Z, et al. The impact of global warming on vegetation resources in the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau[J].Journal of Natural Resources,2004,19(3):331-3 36.
[31]董林水,宋爱云,周金星.青藏铁路沿线土壤有机碳和速效养分空间分异特征[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(11):161-166.Dong L S, Song A Y Zhou J X. Soil organic carbon and available nutrients at different transects along Qinghai-ibet railway[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment,2016,30(11):161-166.
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