粤北大宝山酸性矿山废水中梯田状沉积物的次生矿物研究
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摘要
粤北大宝山酸性矿山废水(AMD)中形成了呈独特梯田状构造的沉积物,其中的次生矿物可以吸持AMD中的重金属离子,对减少矿山环境的重金属污染有重要意义。本文采集了大宝山AMD中呈梯田状构造中的沉积物,利用多种手段分析了其主要矿物组成以及主要次生矿物的表面形貌特征,探究梯田状沉积物的成因。结果表明,梯田状沉积物的次生矿物以针铁矿、施威特曼石、黄钾铁矾为主,含少量石膏、斜方钙沸石等。针铁矿呈针状、球刺状集合体;施威特曼石呈海胆状、鳞片状,粒度为微米级,海胆状施威特曼石与球刺状针铁矿共生;黄钾铁矾呈不规则的球粒状、片状,与施威特曼石共生。研究表明微生物作用可能是形成铁质梯田状构造的关键因素。
Sediment terraces were formed in acid mine drainage( AMD) of the Dabaoshan deposit at north Guangdong province. Secondary minerals in such sediments can absorb heavy metal in AMD and it is of great significance in reducing mine environmental pollution. In this paper,sediment terraces of the Dabaoshan AMD were collected,mineral composition and surface morphology of main secondary minerals were analyzed by using XRF,XRD,SEM-EDS and FTIR,and the origin of terraces was investigated. The results show that the secondary minerals of sediment terraces are mainly goethite,schwertmannite,jarosite,with minor gypsum,gismondine etc. Goethite occurs as needle-like,spiny aggregate. Schwertmannite is urchin-like or scale-like of micron meter scale. The urchin-like schwertmannite is associated with spiny goethite. Jarosite is in irregularly spherical or flaky,associated with schwertmannite. The key factors for the formation of iron terraces may be microbial actions.
Sediment terraces were formed in acid mine drainage( AMD) of the Dabaoshan deposit at north Guangdong province. Secondary minerals in such sediments can absorb heavy metal in AMD and it is of great significance in reducing mine environmental pollution. In this paper,sediment terraces of the Dabaoshan AMD were collected,mineral composition and surface morphology of main secondary minerals were analyzed by using XRF,XRD,SEM-EDS and FTIR,and the origin of terraces was investigated. The results show that the secondary minerals of sediment terraces are mainly goethite,schwertmannite,jarosite,with minor gypsum,gismondine etc. Goethite occurs as needle-like,spiny aggregate. Schwertmannite is urchin-like or scale-like of micron meter scale. The urchin-like schwertmannite is associated with spiny goethite. Jarosite is in irregularly spherical or flaky,associated with schwertmannite. The key factors for the formation of iron terraces may be microbial actions.
引文
Bigham J M,Schwertmann U.1996.Influence of pH on mineral speciation in a bioreactor simulating acid mine Drainage.Applied Geochemistry,11(6):845-849
Bishop J L,Murad E.2005.The visible and infrared spectral properties of jarosite and alunite.American Mineralogist,90(7):1100-1107
Brake S S,Hasiotis S T,Dannelly H K.2004.Diatoms in acid mine drainage and their role in the formation of iron-rich stromatolites.Geomicrobiology Journal,21(5):331-340
Braungardt C B,Achterberg E P,Elbaz-Poulichet F,Morley N H.2003.Metal geochemistry in a mine-polluted estuarine system in Spain.Applied Geochemistry,18(11):1757-1771
Candeias C,vila P F,da Silva E F,Ferreira A,Salgueiro A R,Teixeira J P.2014.Acid mine drainage from the Panasqueira mine and its influence on Zêzere river(Central Portugal).Journal of African Earth Sciences,99:705-712
Cossa D,Elbaz-Poulichet F,Nieto J M.2001.Mercury in the TintoOdiel estuarine system(Gulf of Cádiz,Spain):Sources and dispersion.Aquatic Geochemistry,7(1):1-12
Espa1a J S,Pamo E L,Santofimia E,Aduvire O,Reyes J,Barettino D.2005.Acid mine drainage in the Iberian Pyrite Belt(Odiel river watershed,Huelva,SW Spain):Geochemistry,mineralogy and environmental implications.Applied Geochemistry,20(7):1320-1356
Espa1a J S,Pastor E S,Pamo E L.2007.Iron terraces in acid mine drainage systems:A discussion about the organic and inorganic factors involved in their formation through observations from the Tintillo acidic river(Riotinto mine,Huelva,Spain).Geosphere,3(3):133-151
Fernández-Remolar D,Gómez-Elvira J,Gómez F,Sebastian E,Martíin J.Manfredi J A,Torres J,Kesler C G,Amils R.2004.The Tinto River,an extreme acidic environment under control of iron,as an analog of the Terra Meridiani hematite site of Mars.Planetary and Space Science,52(1-3):239-248
Gagliano W B,Brill M R,Bigham J M,Jones F S,Traina S J.2004.Chemistry and mineralogy of ochreous sediments in a constructed mine drainage wetland.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,68(9):2119-2128
Gardea-Torresdey J L,Peralta-Videa J R,De la Rosa G,Parsons J G.2005.Phytoremediation of heavy metals and study of the metal coordination by X-ray absorption spectroscopy.Coordination Chemistry Reviews,249(17-18):1797-1810
Go1i-Elizalde S,Garcia-Clavel M E.1990.Characterization studies of goethite samples of varying crystallinity obtained by the homogeneous precipitation method.Journal of the American Ceramic Society,73(1):121-126
Peretyazhko T,Zachara J M,Boily J F,Xia Y,Gassman P L,Arey BW,Burgos W D.2009.Mineralogical transformations controlling acid mine drainage chemistry.Chemical Geology,262(3-4):169-178
Regenspurg S,Brand A,Peiffer S.2004.Formation and stability of schwertmannite in acidic mining lakes.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,68(6):1185-1197
Ruan H D,Frost R L,Kloprogge J T,Duong L.2002.Infrared spectroscopy of goethite dehydroxy lation:Ⅲ.FT-IR microscopy of in situ study of the thermal transformation of goethite to hematite.Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy,58(5):967-981
Schwertmann U,Bigham J M,Murad E.1995.The first occurrence of schwertmannite in a natural stream environment.European Journal of Mineralogy,7(3):547-552
Smuda J,Dold B,Friese K,Morgenstern P,Glaesser W.2007.Mineralogical and geochemical study of element mobility at the sulfide-rich Excelsior waste rock dump from the polymetallic Zn-Pb-(Ag-BiCu)deposit,Cerro de Pasco,Peru.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,92(2-3):97-110
Tsukamoto T K,Killion H A,Miller G C.2004.Column experiments for microbiological treatment of acid mine drainage:Low-temperature,low-pH and matrix investigations.Water Research,38(6):1405-1418
Valente T,Grande J A,de la Torre M L,Santisteban M,Cerón J C.2013.Mineralogy and environmental relevance of AMD-precipitates from the Tharsis mines,Iberian Pyrite Belt(SW,Spain).Applied Geochemistry,39:11-25
杜雪岩,陈尹泽,马应霞,李芳.2008.醇水法制备Fe3O4纳米颗粒工艺优化.应用化工,37(12):1449-1451,1464
刘奇缘,陈炳辉,周永章,邹琦,陈莹,程银鹰.2017.粤北大宝山槽对坑酸性矿山废水中不同沉积层次生矿物研究.地球与环境,45(3):259-266
刘永红,叶发兵,岳霞丽,董元彦.2006.铁氧化物的合成及其表征.化学与生物工程,23(7):10-12
王长秋,马生凤,鲁安怀,周建工.2005.黄钾铁矾的形成条件研究及其环境意义.岩石矿物学杂志,24(6):607-611
周跃飞,谢越,周立祥.2010.酸性矿山废水天然中和形成的富铁沉淀及其环境属性.环境科学,31(6):1581-1588
Bishop J L,Murad E.2005.The visible and infrared spectral properties of jarosite and alunite.American Mineralogist,90(7):1100-1107
Brake S S,Hasiotis S T,Dannelly H K.2004.Diatoms in acid mine drainage and their role in the formation of iron-rich stromatolites.Geomicrobiology Journal,21(5):331-340
Braungardt C B,Achterberg E P,Elbaz-Poulichet F,Morley N H.2003.Metal geochemistry in a mine-polluted estuarine system in Spain.Applied Geochemistry,18(11):1757-1771
Candeias C,vila P F,da Silva E F,Ferreira A,Salgueiro A R,Teixeira J P.2014.Acid mine drainage from the Panasqueira mine and its influence on Zêzere river(Central Portugal).Journal of African Earth Sciences,99:705-712
Cossa D,Elbaz-Poulichet F,Nieto J M.2001.Mercury in the TintoOdiel estuarine system(Gulf of Cádiz,Spain):Sources and dispersion.Aquatic Geochemistry,7(1):1-12
Espa1a J S,Pamo E L,Santofimia E,Aduvire O,Reyes J,Barettino D.2005.Acid mine drainage in the Iberian Pyrite Belt(Odiel river watershed,Huelva,SW Spain):Geochemistry,mineralogy and environmental implications.Applied Geochemistry,20(7):1320-1356
Espa1a J S,Pastor E S,Pamo E L.2007.Iron terraces in acid mine drainage systems:A discussion about the organic and inorganic factors involved in their formation through observations from the Tintillo acidic river(Riotinto mine,Huelva,Spain).Geosphere,3(3):133-151
Fernández-Remolar D,Gómez-Elvira J,Gómez F,Sebastian E,Martíin J.Manfredi J A,Torres J,Kesler C G,Amils R.2004.The Tinto River,an extreme acidic environment under control of iron,as an analog of the Terra Meridiani hematite site of Mars.Planetary and Space Science,52(1-3):239-248
Gagliano W B,Brill M R,Bigham J M,Jones F S,Traina S J.2004.Chemistry and mineralogy of ochreous sediments in a constructed mine drainage wetland.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,68(9):2119-2128
Gardea-Torresdey J L,Peralta-Videa J R,De la Rosa G,Parsons J G.2005.Phytoremediation of heavy metals and study of the metal coordination by X-ray absorption spectroscopy.Coordination Chemistry Reviews,249(17-18):1797-1810
Go1i-Elizalde S,Garcia-Clavel M E.1990.Characterization studies of goethite samples of varying crystallinity obtained by the homogeneous precipitation method.Journal of the American Ceramic Society,73(1):121-126
Peretyazhko T,Zachara J M,Boily J F,Xia Y,Gassman P L,Arey BW,Burgos W D.2009.Mineralogical transformations controlling acid mine drainage chemistry.Chemical Geology,262(3-4):169-178
Regenspurg S,Brand A,Peiffer S.2004.Formation and stability of schwertmannite in acidic mining lakes.Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,68(6):1185-1197
Ruan H D,Frost R L,Kloprogge J T,Duong L.2002.Infrared spectroscopy of goethite dehydroxy lation:Ⅲ.FT-IR microscopy of in situ study of the thermal transformation of goethite to hematite.Spectrochimica Acta Part A:Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy,58(5):967-981
Schwertmann U,Bigham J M,Murad E.1995.The first occurrence of schwertmannite in a natural stream environment.European Journal of Mineralogy,7(3):547-552
Smuda J,Dold B,Friese K,Morgenstern P,Glaesser W.2007.Mineralogical and geochemical study of element mobility at the sulfide-rich Excelsior waste rock dump from the polymetallic Zn-Pb-(Ag-BiCu)deposit,Cerro de Pasco,Peru.Journal of Geochemical Exploration,92(2-3):97-110
Tsukamoto T K,Killion H A,Miller G C.2004.Column experiments for microbiological treatment of acid mine drainage:Low-temperature,low-pH and matrix investigations.Water Research,38(6):1405-1418
Valente T,Grande J A,de la Torre M L,Santisteban M,Cerón J C.2013.Mineralogy and environmental relevance of AMD-precipitates from the Tharsis mines,Iberian Pyrite Belt(SW,Spain).Applied Geochemistry,39:11-25
杜雪岩,陈尹泽,马应霞,李芳.2008.醇水法制备Fe3O4纳米颗粒工艺优化.应用化工,37(12):1449-1451,1464
刘奇缘,陈炳辉,周永章,邹琦,陈莹,程银鹰.2017.粤北大宝山槽对坑酸性矿山废水中不同沉积层次生矿物研究.地球与环境,45(3):259-266
刘永红,叶发兵,岳霞丽,董元彦.2006.铁氧化物的合成及其表征.化学与生物工程,23(7):10-12
王长秋,马生凤,鲁安怀,周建工.2005.黄钾铁矾的形成条件研究及其环境意义.岩石矿物学杂志,24(6):607-611
周跃飞,谢越,周立祥.2010.酸性矿山废水天然中和形成的富铁沉淀及其环境属性.环境科学,31(6):1581-1588
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