安徽黄泛区农用地土壤重金属含量特征及环境质量评价
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摘要
为科学合理地评价安徽黄泛区农用地土壤环境质量,为土地资源科学规划、土地分类管理、农业安全种植、耕地保护及土壤污染修复提供基础依据,采用综合考虑土壤背景值、环境质量标准及元素价态效应的评价方法,即土壤综合质量指数法进行区域土壤环境质量评价,并对土壤重金属超背景的成因进行分析。结果显示,研究区土壤环境质量较好,为I等清洁土壤。土壤中的重金属相对影响当量(RIE)较小,重金属含量低于《土壤环境质量:农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB 15618—2018)中相应土壤污染风险筛选值;土壤重金属测定值偏离背景值程度(DDDB)较大,71.6%的样点土壤重金属含量超过了安徽淮北—亳州平原区土壤背景值,土壤超背景的元素以Cu为主,表层土壤中Cu高背景受人类活动影响明显;土壤环境质量标准偏离背景值的程度较大(DDSB=24.5),土壤的重金属负载容量较大,具备一定的外源重金属缓冲能力。
This work aims to scientifically and reasonably evaluate the soil environmental quality of agricultural land in the Yellow River flooded area of Anhui Province and to provide basis for scientific planning of land resources, land classification management, agricultural safe planting,cultivated land protection and polluted soil restoration. We adopted a soil quality index method which comprehensively considers soil background value, environmental quality standard and element valence effect to conduct regional soil environmental quality assessment,and analyzed the genesis of the super-background of heavy metals in soil. The results show that the soil environment quality in the study area is good and the whole area is grade-I clean soil. The relative impact equivalent(RIE) of heavy metals in soil is small, and the heavy metal content in soil is lower than the corresponding soil pollution risk screening level in ″Soil environmental quality, risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land″(GB 15618-2018). The deviation degree of determination concentration from the background value(DDDB) is large, and the heavy metal content of 71.6% of the soil samples exceeded the soil background value of the Huaibei-Bozhou Plain in Anhui Province. The super-background elements in the soil are mainly Cu, and its high background in the surface soil is distinctly affected by human activities. The deviation degree of soil standard from the background value(DDSB=24.5) is large. The loading capacity of heavy metals in the soil is large,showing that the soil has a certain buffering capacity of external heavy metals pollution.
This work aims to scientifically and reasonably evaluate the soil environmental quality of agricultural land in the Yellow River flooded area of Anhui Province and to provide basis for scientific planning of land resources, land classification management, agricultural safe planting,cultivated land protection and polluted soil restoration. We adopted a soil quality index method which comprehensively considers soil background value, environmental quality standard and element valence effect to conduct regional soil environmental quality assessment,and analyzed the genesis of the super-background of heavy metals in soil. The results show that the soil environment quality in the study area is good and the whole area is grade-I clean soil. The relative impact equivalent(RIE) of heavy metals in soil is small, and the heavy metal content in soil is lower than the corresponding soil pollution risk screening level in ″Soil environmental quality, risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land″(GB 15618-2018). The deviation degree of determination concentration from the background value(DDDB) is large, and the heavy metal content of 71.6% of the soil samples exceeded the soil background value of the Huaibei-Bozhou Plain in Anhui Province. The super-background elements in the soil are mainly Cu, and its high background in the surface soil is distinctly affected by human activities. The deviation degree of soil standard from the background value(DDSB=24.5) is large. The loading capacity of heavy metals in the soil is large,showing that the soil has a certain buffering capacity of external heavy metals pollution.
引文
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王玉军,刘存,周东美,等,2016.一种农田土壤重金属影响评价的新方法:土壤和农产品综合质量指数法[J].农业环境科学学报,35(7):1225-1232.
王玉军,吴同亮,周东美,等,2017.农田土壤重金属污染评价研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,36(12):2365-2378.
夏学齐,杨忠芳,郭晶晶,等,2015.从一个概念的引文出处谈治学严谨性[J].中国地质教育,24(3):10-21.
叶永钦,黄国龙,林子江,等,2018.粤北凡口铅锌矿区土壤重金属元素污染特征及评价[J].地质学刊,42(1):137-144.
中华人民共和国生态环境部土壤环境管理司,生态环境部科技标准司,2018.土壤环境质量:农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行):GB 15618—2018 [S].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
董騄睿,2015.南京沿江地区重金属多介质富集特征、来源及生态效应[D].南京:南京信息工程大学.
纪冬丽,孟凡生,薛浩,等,2016.国内外土壤砷污染及其修复技术现状与展望[J].环境工程技术学报,6(1):90-99.
孔凡彬,刘阳,2014.单因子指数法和内梅罗指数法在土壤环境质量评价中的比较[J].甘肃科技,30(3):21-22.
刘绍贵,张月平,高辉,等,2014.扬州市江都区水田土壤环境质量评价[J].中国农学通报,30(32):201-208.
李小平,刘浩,夏舒楠,等,2015.我国城市土壤铅与儿童血铅空间分布格局[J].土壤通报,46(1):226-232.
刘霈珈,吴克宁,李晨曦,等,2016a.区域农用地土壤重金属超标评价与种植适宜分区[J].土壤通报,47(6):1490-1498.
刘霈珈,吴克宁,罗明,等,2016b.农用地土壤重金属超标评价与安全利用分区[J].农业工程学报,32(23):254-262.
宁翠萍,李国琛,王颜红,等,2017.细河流域农田土壤重金属污染评价及来源解析[J].农业环境科学学报,36(3):487-495.
田莉,李国琛,王颜红,等,2016.葫芦岛锌厂周边农田土壤重金属浓度的空间变异及污染评价[J].生态学杂志,35(11):3086-3092.
王玉军,刘存,周东美,等,2016.一种农田土壤重金属影响评价的新方法:土壤和农产品综合质量指数法[J].农业环境科学学报,35(7):1225-1232.
王玉军,吴同亮,周东美,等,2017.农田土壤重金属污染评价研究进展[J].农业环境科学学报,36(12):2365-2378.
夏学齐,杨忠芳,郭晶晶,等,2015.从一个概念的引文出处谈治学严谨性[J].中国地质教育,24(3):10-21.
叶永钦,黄国龙,林子江,等,2018.粤北凡口铅锌矿区土壤重金属元素污染特征及评价[J].地质学刊,42(1):137-144.
中华人民共和国生态环境部土壤环境管理司,生态环境部科技标准司,2018.土壤环境质量:农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行):GB 15618—2018 [S].北京:中国环境科学出版社.
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