酸雨胁迫对水稻种子萌发的影响及其生理机制研究
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摘要
采用人工模拟酸雨培养水稻种子的方法,通过测定不同pH酸雨处理下水稻种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数以及萌发过程中淀粉酶活性、贮藏物质消耗率和运转效率等,研究了酸雨抑制水稻种子萌发的机制。结果表明,随着酸雨pH的降低,水稻种子的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、种子贮藏物质消耗率和运转效率等均逐渐降低,显著抑制水稻种子萌发和贮藏物质的消耗率以及贮藏物质的运转效率的pH阈值均为5.0,当酸雨pH值降低到2.0时种子基本不萌发。酸雨胁迫使淀粉酶活性峰值提前,致使发芽后期因酶活力不够而最终影响萌发。
The effects of acid rain stress on the germination of rice seed and its physiological mechanism were studied by the method of cultivating rice seed with simulated acid rain at different pH levels, through determining the rice seed germination rate, germination potential and germination index, and the amylase activity, consumption rate and transform efficiency of storage substance of rice seed in germinating process. The results showed that the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, consumption rate and transform efficiency of storage substance of rice seed were all gradually decreased with the decrease of acid rain pH levels. The seed germination, consumption rate and transform efficiency of storage substance of rice seed were significantly inhibited under the pH 5.0 treatment. When the pH value of acid rain decreased to 2.0, there was no seed germination. The acid rain stress caused the peak of amylase activity to advance,resulting in the seed germination affected due to insufficient enyzme activity in the late stage of seed germination.
The effects of acid rain stress on the germination of rice seed and its physiological mechanism were studied by the method of cultivating rice seed with simulated acid rain at different pH levels, through determining the rice seed germination rate, germination potential and germination index, and the amylase activity, consumption rate and transform efficiency of storage substance of rice seed in germinating process. The results showed that the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, consumption rate and transform efficiency of storage substance of rice seed were all gradually decreased with the decrease of acid rain pH levels. The seed germination, consumption rate and transform efficiency of storage substance of rice seed were significantly inhibited under the pH 5.0 treatment. When the pH value of acid rain decreased to 2.0, there was no seed germination. The acid rain stress caused the peak of amylase activity to advance,resulting in the seed germination affected due to insufficient enyzme activity in the late stage of seed germination.
引文
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[2]解淑艳,王瑞斌,郑皓皓.2005—2011年全国酸雨状况分析[J].环境监控与预警,2012,4(5):33-37.
[3]徐芬芬,王爱斌,韩金多,等.模拟酸雨对花生种子萌发及胚生长的影响[J].种子,2015,34(3)89-90.
[4]王艾平,徐芬芬.酸雨胁迫对花生种子萌发的影响及其生理机制[J].河南农业科学,2016,45(6):30-33.
[5]陶忠玲,周青.酸雨胁迫对水稻和高粱种子萌发的影响[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(4):58-61.
[6]曾庆玲.模拟酸雨对不同抗性植物种子萌发的影响[D].无锡:江南大学硕士学位论文,2004:28.
[7]张志良,翟伟箐.植物生理学实验指导(第三版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003:135.
[8]王丽红,周青,曾庆玲.水稻种子萌发对酸雨胁迫的响应[J].中国生态农业学报,2007,15(6):204-205.
[9]刘燕云,曹洪法.酸雨和SO2作用下SOD酶活性与菠菜叶片损伤相关性的研究[J].应用生态学报,1993,11(2):223-225.
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