膨润土对花生连作根际土壤肥力和作物产量的影响
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摘要
设膨润土施用量0、1.2、2.4、3.6、4.8 kg/m~2,共5个处理,研究膨润土基质对风沙地半干旱区花生连作土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响。结果表明:施用膨润土明显提高了风沙地花生连作土壤含水量、微生物量碳、氮、磷的含量以及土壤酶活性,在3.6 kg/m~2处理条件下土壤含水量、微生物量碳、氮、磷含量和土壤酶活性增加最显著。与不施膨润土相比,施用膨润土后花生产量分别提高了10.01%、11.83%、21.34%、9.05%,在3.6 kg/m2处理条件下花生增产显著。经相关性分析可知,花生产量与土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷含量均呈极显著正相关关系,与土壤蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脲酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶均呈显著或极显著正相关关系,与土壤过氧化氢酶活性相关性不显著。上述结果说明,在风沙地半干旱区花生连作土壤中添加适量膨润土能有效提高土壤微生物量和酶活性,对作物增产有明显的促进作用。
The effects of bentonite substrate on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity of peanut continuous cropping in the semi-arid area of wind-sand land were studied.The application amount of bentonite of 0,1.2,2.4,3.6,4.8 kg/m~2 was set up as treatments.The results showed that the application of bentonite significantly increased the content of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus as well as the soil enzyme activity of peanut continuous cropping in wind-sand soil,and the most significant increase was under the condition of 3.6 kg/m~2 treatment.Compared with non-bentonite,the production of peanut after bentonite was increased by10.01%,11.83%,21.34%,9.05% for the treatments of adding 1.2,2.4,3.6,4.8 kg/m~2 bentonite,respectively,and the yield of peanut was significantly increased under the 3.6 kg/m~2 treatment.According to the correlation analysis,the peanut yield was extremely significantly positively correlated with the soil microbial content of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus,and significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with soil invertase,phosphatase,urease,protease and lipase,but not significantly correlated with the soil catalase activity.The above results indicated that the addition of appropriate bentonite in the soil of peanut continuous cropping in the semi-arid area of the sandstorm land could effectively improve soil microbial content and enzyme activity,and significantly promoted crop yield and soil sustainable productivity.
The effects of bentonite substrate on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity of peanut continuous cropping in the semi-arid area of wind-sand land were studied.The application amount of bentonite of 0,1.2,2.4,3.6,4.8 kg/m~2 was set up as treatments.The results showed that the application of bentonite significantly increased the content of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus as well as the soil enzyme activity of peanut continuous cropping in wind-sand soil,and the most significant increase was under the condition of 3.6 kg/m~2 treatment.Compared with non-bentonite,the production of peanut after bentonite was increased by10.01%,11.83%,21.34%,9.05% for the treatments of adding 1.2,2.4,3.6,4.8 kg/m~2 bentonite,respectively,and the yield of peanut was significantly increased under the 3.6 kg/m~2 treatment.According to the correlation analysis,the peanut yield was extremely significantly positively correlated with the soil microbial content of carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus,and significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with soil invertase,phosphatase,urease,protease and lipase,but not significantly correlated with the soil catalase activity.The above results indicated that the addition of appropriate bentonite in the soil of peanut continuous cropping in the semi-arid area of the sandstorm land could effectively improve soil microbial content and enzyme activity,and significantly promoted crop yield and soil sustainable productivity.
引文
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[15]周东兴,李磊,李晶,等.玉米/大豆轮作下不同施肥处理对土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2018,37(6):1856-1864.
[16]孟庆英,韩旭东,张春峰,等.白浆土施有机肥及石灰对土壤酶活性与大豆产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(3):56-60.
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[18]赵瑞春,张树喜,颜景波.风沙地区风沙土耕作措施的探讨[J].辽宁农业科学,1983,(6):33-37.
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[21]徐奕,赵丹,徐应明,等.膨润土对轻度镉污染土壤钝化修复效应研究[J].农业资源与环境学报,2017,34(1):38-46.
[22]崔学奇,吕宪俊,周国华.膨润土的性能及其应用[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2000,(2):6-9.
[23]崔立莉.膨润土的改土机理与应用研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2004.
[24]陈娟,马忠明,刘莉莉.不同耕作方式对土壤有机碳、微生物量及酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(3):667-675.
[25]贾峥嵘,李永山,郝佳丽,等.膨润土对铜污染土壤酶活性的影响[J].农学学报,2014,4(8):39-42.
[26]赵丹.膨润土对镉污染土壤钝化修复效应研究[D].河南:河南农业大学,2014.
[27]禹朴家,范高华,韩可欣.基于土壤微生物生物量碳和酶活性指标的土壤肥力质量评价初探[J].农业现代化研究,2018,39(1):163-169.
[28]杨佳佳,安韶山,张宏,等.黄土丘陵区小流域侵蚀环境对土壤微生物量及酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(17):5666-5674.
[2]张翔,毛家伟,司贤宗,等.小麦—花生统筹施肥对花生产量、品质及土壤肥力的影响[J].花生学报,2016,45(1):24-28.
[3]王慧新,颜景波,何跃,等.风沙半干旱区秸秆还田对间作花生土壤酶活性与产量的影响[J].花生学报,2010,39(4):9-13.
[4]陆利民,邵婷,赵晶,等.浦东新区设施土壤连作障碍对土壤微生物及酶活性影响的研究[J].上海农业科技,2015,(2):99-100.
[5]张冉.西洋参土壤水提液对土壤微生物群落、养分和酶活性的影响[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2017.
[6]黄连喜,魏岚,李衍亮,等.花生壳生物炭对土壤改良、蔬菜增产及其持续效应研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,(1):101-107.
[7]韩红青,朱岳.膨润土改性及其应用研究[J].无机盐工业,2011,43(10):5-8.
[8]徐奕,李剑睿,徐应明,等.膨润土钝化与不同水分灌溉联合处理对酸性稻田土镉污染修复效应及土壤特性的影响[J].环境化学,2017,36(5):1026-1035.
[9]孙梦媛,刘景辉,马斌,等.膨润土对燕麦苗期土壤水分及生物学性状的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(5):26-34.
[10]李佳佳.秸秆-膨润土-PAM对土壤理化性质和作物生长的调控效应[D].重庆:西南大学,2011.
[11]徐军.秸秆-膨润土-PAM对土壤肥力及作物产量的调控效应[D].重庆:西南大学,2011.
[12]苏雪萍,刘景辉,李立军,等.春秋施沙质土壤改良剂对旱作玉米抗旱保苗增产效应[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(15):201-206.
[13]王文婷,王云海.膨润土改良土壤技术的研究进展[J].环境科技,2011,24(1):66-68,72.
[14]杨瑞平.西瓜连作障碍缓解技术及其机理研究[D].陕西:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[15]周东兴,李磊,李晶,等.玉米/大豆轮作下不同施肥处理对土壤微生物生物量及酶活性的影响[J].生态学杂志,2018,37(6):1856-1864.
[16]孟庆英,韩旭东,张春峰,等.白浆土施有机肥及石灰对土壤酶活性与大豆产量的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2017,(3):56-60.
[17]陈桂芬,刘忠,黄雁飞,等.不同施肥处理对连作蔗田土壤微生物量、土壤酶活性及土壤养分的影响(英文)[J].Agricultural Science&Technology,2017,18(2):256-261.
[18]赵瑞春,张树喜,颜景波.风沙地区风沙土耕作措施的探讨[J].辽宁农业科学,1983,(6):33-37.
[19]吴金水,林启美,黄巧云,等.土壤微生物量测定方法及其应用[M].北京:气象出版社,2006.
[20]关松荫.土壤酶及其研究法[M].北京:农业出版社,1986.
[21]徐奕,赵丹,徐应明,等.膨润土对轻度镉污染土壤钝化修复效应研究[J].农业资源与环境学报,2017,34(1):38-46.
[22]崔学奇,吕宪俊,周国华.膨润土的性能及其应用[J].中国非金属矿工业导刊,2000,(2):6-9.
[23]崔立莉.膨润土的改土机理与应用研究[D].保定:河北农业大学,2004.
[24]陈娟,马忠明,刘莉莉.不同耕作方式对土壤有机碳、微生物量及酶活性的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(3):667-675.
[25]贾峥嵘,李永山,郝佳丽,等.膨润土对铜污染土壤酶活性的影响[J].农学学报,2014,4(8):39-42.
[26]赵丹.膨润土对镉污染土壤钝化修复效应研究[D].河南:河南农业大学,2014.
[27]禹朴家,范高华,韩可欣.基于土壤微生物生物量碳和酶活性指标的土壤肥力质量评价初探[J].农业现代化研究,2018,39(1):163-169.
[28]杨佳佳,安韶山,张宏,等.黄土丘陵区小流域侵蚀环境对土壤微生物量及酶活性的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(17):5666-5674.
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