污水集输管道系统中有害气体释放与解决对策
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摘要
建筑物内用水器具后至污水处理厂为整个污水集输管道系统,包括建筑排水立管、化粪池、地下重力流管道3部分,通常分为建筑小区排水和市政排水2大系统。污水集输管道系统普遍关注的问题是臭味扩散、管道腐蚀和爆炸事故,这些问题均与管道中气流组织密切相关。为有效缓解管道系统气体危害性,采用系统分析的方法,从整个污水集输管道系统角度出发,分别探讨了3部分气体运动状况与流动特点,以及3部分管道之间气体流动的相互联系,提出了解决污水管道系统有害气体问题的新思路,并对未来有害气体控制相关研究方向进行展望。
The whole sewage collection and transportation pipeline system is between the end of water appliances in the building and the sewage treatment plant, including three parts: the building drainage riser,septic tank, underground gravity flow pipeline. It is divided into the construction community drainage and municipal drainage. The common concerns about sewage collection and transportation pipelines are odor diffusion, pipeline corrosion and explosion accidents, all of which are closely related to airflow organization in the pipeline. Thus, in the perspective of the whole sewage collection and transportation pipeline system, in order to alleviate effectively the gas hazard of pipeline system, the system analysis method was used to discuss the gas movement and flow characteristics in above three parts, and the interrelation of gas flow among the pipeline of these three parts, respectively. Then a new way to solve the problem of harmful gas in sewage pipeline system was proposed, the prospect of the future research directions to harmful gas control was also predicted.
The whole sewage collection and transportation pipeline system is between the end of water appliances in the building and the sewage treatment plant, including three parts: the building drainage riser,septic tank, underground gravity flow pipeline. It is divided into the construction community drainage and municipal drainage. The common concerns about sewage collection and transportation pipelines are odor diffusion, pipeline corrosion and explosion accidents, all of which are closely related to airflow organization in the pipeline. Thus, in the perspective of the whole sewage collection and transportation pipeline system, in order to alleviate effectively the gas hazard of pipeline system, the system analysis method was used to discuss the gas movement and flow characteristics in above three parts, and the interrelation of gas flow among the pipeline of these three parts, respectively. Then a new way to solve the problem of harmful gas in sewage pipeline system was proposed, the prospect of the future research directions to harmful gas control was also predicted.
引文
[1]王淑梅,王宝贞,曹向东,等.对我国城市排水体制的探讨[J].中国给水排水, 2007, 23(12):16-21.
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[5]赵瑞云,张均锋,张哲,等.超高层建筑单立管排水系统水力工况的数值模拟[J].中国给水排水, 2015, 31(17):150-154.
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[9]张二飞,卢金锁.建筑排水立管直接接入污水管网的通风性能分析[J].给水排水, 2018, 34(17):112-115.
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[22] JIANG G, SHARMA K R, YUAN Z. Effects of nitrate dosing on methanogenic activity in a sulfide-producing sewer biofilm reactor[J]. Water Research, 2013, 47(5):1783-1792.
[23] ZHANG L, KELLER J, YUAN Z. Inhibition of sulfate-reducing and methanogenic activities of anaerobic sewer biofilms by ferric iron dosing[J]. Water Research, 2009, 43(17):4123-4132.
[24] ZHANG L, VERSTRAETE W, DE L M, et al. Decrease of dissolved sulfide in sewage by powdered natural magnetite and he?matite[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 573:1070-1078.
[25] GUTIERREZ O, MOHANAKRISHNAN J, SHARMA K R, et al. Evaluation of oxygen injection as a means of controlling sul?fide production in a sewer system[J]. Water Research, 2008, 42(17):4549-4561.
[26] LOWE S.Sewer ventilation:Factors affecting airflow and modeling approaches[EB/OL].[2018-12-10]. https://www.chijournal.org/C395.
[27] JOYCE J, SORENSEN H W, SMITH M M. Large diameter sewer and tunnel ventilation characteristics and odor control:Re?cent developments and case histories[J]. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, 2000, 13:195-214.
[28] PESCOD M B, PRICE A C. Major factors in sewer ventilation[J]. Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation, 1982, 54(4):385-397.
[29] QIAN Y, ZHU D Z, ZHANG W, et al. Air movement induced by water flow with a hydraulic jump in changing slope pipes[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2016, 143(4):04016092.
[30]卢金锁,闫帅军,吴迪,等.检查井内污水跌落充氧试验研究[J].中国给水排水, 2014, 30(23):69-72.
[31] GUO S, QIAN Y, ZHU D Z, et al. Effects of drop structures and pump station on sewer air pressure and hydrogen sulfide:Field investigation[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2018, 144(3):04018011.
[32] YONGSIRI C, VOLLERTSEN J, RASMUSSEN M, et al. Air-water transfer of hydrogen sulfide:An approach for application in sewer networks[J]. Water Environment Research, 2004, 76(1):81-88.
[33]刘艳涛,卢金锁,闫帅军.污水检查井盖调研及其预留孔对井内气体组分影响[J].中国给水排水2017, 33(3):97-101.
[2]张露.七层PVC-U排水立管压力对水封影响的试验研究[D].长沙:湖南大学, 2008.
[3] JACK L B, CHENG C, LU W H. Numerical simulation of pressure and airflow response of building drainage ventilation sys?tems[J]. Building Services Engineering Research and Technology, 2006, 27(2):141-152.
[4]汪雪姣,高乃云,夏圣骥.单立管排水系统通水能力的试验研究[J].给水排水, 2007, 33(6):65-67.
[5]赵瑞云,张均锋,张哲,等.超高层建筑单立管排水系统水力工况的数值模拟[J].中国给水排水, 2015, 31(17):150-154.
[6]彭海龙,张勤,赵世明,等.关于单立管系统通气流量影响因素的试验研究[J].中国给水排水, 2016,32(5):127-130.
[7]李博远,赵珍仪,张哲,等.专用通气排水系统通气机理研究初探[J].中国给水排水, 2017, 33(21):133-138.
[8]张哲,张磊,席鹏鸽,等.建筑排水管道流态分析初探[J].给水排水, 2013, 39(10):98-100.
[9]张二飞,卢金锁.建筑排水立管直接接入污水管网的通风性能分析[J].给水排水, 2018, 34(17):112-115.
[10] WARD A, STENSEL H D, FERGUSON J F, et al. Effect of autothermal treatment on anaerobic digestion in the dual diges?tion process[J]. Water Science and Technology, 1998, 38(8/9):435-442.
[11]苏文琼,苏宏,张晓杰.化粪池的管理与环境污染[J].环境科学与管理, 2007, 32(7):25-26.
[12]白静,熊毅.关于重庆市取消生化池的探讨[J].重庆建筑, 2006(8):30-31.
[13] THORKILD H J, JES V, ASBIORN H N. Sewer Processes:Microbial and Chemical Process Engineering of Sewer Networks[M]. Boca Raton:Taylor&Francis Group, 2013.
[14] AUGUET O, PIJUAN M, BORREGO C M, et al. Control of sulfide and methane production in anaerobic sewer systems by means of downstream nitrite dosage[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 550:1116-1125.
[15] CHAOSAKUL T, KOOTTATEP T, POLPRASERT C. A model for methane production in sewers[J]. Journal of Environmental Science&Health Part A:Toxic/Hazardous Substances&Environmental Engineering, 2014, 49(11):1316-1321.
[16] GUISASOLA A, SHARMA K R, KELLER J, et al. Development of a model for assessing methane formation in rising main sewers[J]. Water Research, 2009, 43(11):2874-2884.
[17] KAEMPFER W, BERNDT M. Polymer modified mortar with highresistance to acid to corrosion by biogenic sulfuric acid[C]//Bologna University. Proceedings of the 14th ICPIC Congress. Italy, 1998:681-687.
[18]孙启浩.男童向下水道扔爆竹引发沼气爆炸被炸飞10米高[EB/OL].(2015-01-14)[2018-12-10]. http://legal.people.com.cn/n/2015/0601/c188502-27086058-3.html.
[19]王文涛.民强小区下水道三名工人死亡事故调查[EB/OL].(2016-03-10)[2018-12-10]. https://www.sohu.com/a/62853190_249721.
[20]杨野.疏通污水管道致3死重庆安监局立案查处优曼家私中毒事故[EB/OL].(2016-09-06)[2018-12-10]. http://www.cqcb.com/hot/2016-09-06/190359_pc.html.
[21]王富成.有限空间作业1人晕倒,盲目施救4死1伤!教训极其惨痛[EB/OL].(2017-04-10)[2018-12-10]. http://www.aqsc.cn/xmt/201704/10/c9599.html.
[22] JIANG G, SHARMA K R, YUAN Z. Effects of nitrate dosing on methanogenic activity in a sulfide-producing sewer biofilm reactor[J]. Water Research, 2013, 47(5):1783-1792.
[23] ZHANG L, KELLER J, YUAN Z. Inhibition of sulfate-reducing and methanogenic activities of anaerobic sewer biofilms by ferric iron dosing[J]. Water Research, 2009, 43(17):4123-4132.
[24] ZHANG L, VERSTRAETE W, DE L M, et al. Decrease of dissolved sulfide in sewage by powdered natural magnetite and he?matite[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 573:1070-1078.
[25] GUTIERREZ O, MOHANAKRISHNAN J, SHARMA K R, et al. Evaluation of oxygen injection as a means of controlling sul?fide production in a sewer system[J]. Water Research, 2008, 42(17):4549-4561.
[26] LOWE S.Sewer ventilation:Factors affecting airflow and modeling approaches[EB/OL].[2018-12-10]. https://www.chijournal.org/C395.
[27] JOYCE J, SORENSEN H W, SMITH M M. Large diameter sewer and tunnel ventilation characteristics and odor control:Re?cent developments and case histories[J]. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, 2000, 13:195-214.
[28] PESCOD M B, PRICE A C. Major factors in sewer ventilation[J]. Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation, 1982, 54(4):385-397.
[29] QIAN Y, ZHU D Z, ZHANG W, et al. Air movement induced by water flow with a hydraulic jump in changing slope pipes[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2016, 143(4):04016092.
[30]卢金锁,闫帅军,吴迪,等.检查井内污水跌落充氧试验研究[J].中国给水排水, 2014, 30(23):69-72.
[31] GUO S, QIAN Y, ZHU D Z, et al. Effects of drop structures and pump station on sewer air pressure and hydrogen sulfide:Field investigation[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2018, 144(3):04018011.
[32] YONGSIRI C, VOLLERTSEN J, RASMUSSEN M, et al. Air-water transfer of hydrogen sulfide:An approach for application in sewer networks[J]. Water Environment Research, 2004, 76(1):81-88.
[33]刘艳涛,卢金锁,闫帅军.污水检查井盖调研及其预留孔对井内气体组分影响[J].中国给水排水2017, 33(3):97-101.
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