城市土地利用与城市交通协调关系评价——以重庆市主城区为例
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摘要
近年来,土地利用与城市交通的协调关系在土地管理、城市规划及经济学等方面的重要性日益凸显,成为研究城市发展不可或缺的领域.本研究以重庆市主城区土地利用与城市交通间关系为研究对象建立评价指标体系,通过数据包络分析模型,计算2003-2016年重庆市主城区土地利用与城市交通的协调程度,分析影响两者协调发展的因素状况及内在规律.研究结果表明:①重庆市主城区土地利用与城市交通经过了协调-较不协调-相对协调的变化过程.②影响土地利用与城市交通的主要因素有就业岗位与居住人口比、人口密度、公交分担率、土地投入不足等.
In recent years, the coordinated relationship between land use and urban transportation has become an indispensable field in the study of urban development owing to its increasing importance in such aspects as land management, urban planning and economics. In order to help to realize an intensive land use in urban planning and maximization of urban transportation efficiency, to optimize the urban traffic layout and to provide decision support and theoretical reference for improving the efficiency of urban traffic, a study was made with the central urban area of Chongqing as the research object, in which an evaluation index system was established for the relationship between land use and urban transportation. Using the data envelopment analysis(DEA) model, the coordination degree of land use and urban traffic of in 2003-2016 of the central urban area of Chongqing was calculated and its influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that the process of development of the relationship between land use and urban traffic in the study area underwent three stages: from being coordinated to under-coordinated to fairly coordinated; and that the main factors influencing land use and urban transportation were jobs to employed residents ratio, population density, public transportation sharing rate and land input.
In recent years, the coordinated relationship between land use and urban transportation has become an indispensable field in the study of urban development owing to its increasing importance in such aspects as land management, urban planning and economics. In order to help to realize an intensive land use in urban planning and maximization of urban transportation efficiency, to optimize the urban traffic layout and to provide decision support and theoretical reference for improving the efficiency of urban traffic, a study was made with the central urban area of Chongqing as the research object, in which an evaluation index system was established for the relationship between land use and urban transportation. Using the data envelopment analysis(DEA) model, the coordination degree of land use and urban traffic of in 2003-2016 of the central urban area of Chongqing was calculated and its influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed that the process of development of the relationship between land use and urban traffic in the study area underwent three stages: from being coordinated to under-coordinated to fairly coordinated; and that the main factors influencing land use and urban transportation were jobs to employed residents ratio, population density, public transportation sharing rate and land input.
引文
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[13] 杨励雅,邵春福.城市交通与土地利用协调关系的数据包络分析模型 [J].交通运输工程学报,2007,7(6):107-112.
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[15] 韩贵锋,郭建明,赵一凡,等.重庆市主城区绿色空间的演变及驱动机制研究 [J].三峡生态环境监测,2017,2(2):34-44.
[16] 张席洲,张小亮.在TOD环境下土地开发的分析与对策 [J].经济地理,2006,26(S1):139-140,144.
[17] 王晓原,苏跃江,单刚,等.基于TOD模式的城市土地利用研究 [J].山东理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,24(2):1-6.
[18] 陈燕萍,宋彦,张毅,等.城市土地利用特征对居民出行方式的影响——以深圳市为例 [J].城市交通,2011,9(5):80-85,27.
[19] 林雄斌,刘健,田宗星,等.轨道交通引导用地密度与地价的时空效应——以深圳市为例 [J].经济地理,2016,36(9):27-34.
[20] 毛蒋兴,阎小培.高密度开发城市交通系统对土地利用的影响作用研究——以广州为例 [J].经济地理,2005,25(2):185-188,210.
[21] 彭沙沙,吴小萍,梅盛.基于GIS的城市城市轨道交通与土地利用协调研究 [J].铁道工程学报,2011(1):76-79,85.
[22] 罗铭,陈艳艳,刘小明.交通-土地利用复合系统协调度模型研究 [J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2008,32(4):585-588.
[23] 张晓东,张宇,郑猛,等.城市土地使用与交通协调发展定量化分析方法的探索与实践——以北京市中心城为例 [C] //第十五届中国科协年会第25分会场:产城互动与规划统筹研讨会论文集.北京:中国学术期刊(光盘版)电子杂志社,2013.
[24] 魏权龄.评价相对有效性的数据包络分析模型-DEA和网络DEA [M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2012.
[2] 毛蒋兴,阎小培.国外城市交通系统与土地利用互动关系研究 [J].城市规划,2004,28(7):64-69.
[3] HURST N B,WEST S E.Public Transit and Urban Revelopment :The Effect of Light Rail Transit on Land Use in Minneapolis,Minnesota [J].Regional Science and Urban Economics,2014,46:57-72.
[4] 郭源园,李莉,李贵才,等.国内外城市土地利用与交通相互作用研究综述 [J].国际城市规划,2015,30(3):29-36.
[5] BAERWALD T J.The Site Selection Process of Suburban Residential Builders [J].Urban Geography,1981,2(4):339-357.
[6] 刘诗奇,郭静,李若溪,等.北京轨道交通典型站点周边的土地利用特征分析 [J].城市发展研究,2014,21(4):66-71.
[7] RANK L,BRADLEY M,KAVAGE S,et al.Urban Form,Travel Time,and Cost Relationships with Tour Complexity and Mode Choice [J].Transportation,2008,35(1):37-54.
[8] WADDELL P.Urbansim:Modeling Urban Development for Land Use,Transportation and Environmental Planning [J].Journal of the American Planning Association,2002,68(3):297-314.
[9] 易汉文,殷茵.PECAS-城市用地和交通集成化模型系统 [J].城市交通,2006,4(4):12-20,59.
[10] 吕小彪,王乘,周均清.UrbanSim城市仿真系统及其对我国数字城市建设的启示 [J].智能建筑与城市信息,2005(1) :46-49.
[11] 褚浩然,王江燕,周延虎,等.北京市土地利用与交通发展评价指标研究 [J].城市交通,2008,6(5):30-35.
[12] 张静.城市土地利用与城市交通协调关系研究——以北京市为例 [D].北京:中国地质大学,2014.
[13] 杨励雅,邵春福.城市交通与土地利用协调关系的数据包络分析模型 [J].交通运输工程学报,2007,7(6):107-112.
[14] 梁进社,楚波.北京的城市扩展和空间依存发展——基于劳瑞模型的分析 [J].城市规划,2005,29(6):9-14,32.
[15] 韩贵锋,郭建明,赵一凡,等.重庆市主城区绿色空间的演变及驱动机制研究 [J].三峡生态环境监测,2017,2(2):34-44.
[16] 张席洲,张小亮.在TOD环境下土地开发的分析与对策 [J].经济地理,2006,26(S1):139-140,144.
[17] 王晓原,苏跃江,单刚,等.基于TOD模式的城市土地利用研究 [J].山东理工大学学报(自然科学版),2010,24(2):1-6.
[18] 陈燕萍,宋彦,张毅,等.城市土地利用特征对居民出行方式的影响——以深圳市为例 [J].城市交通,2011,9(5):80-85,27.
[19] 林雄斌,刘健,田宗星,等.轨道交通引导用地密度与地价的时空效应——以深圳市为例 [J].经济地理,2016,36(9):27-34.
[20] 毛蒋兴,阎小培.高密度开发城市交通系统对土地利用的影响作用研究——以广州为例 [J].经济地理,2005,25(2):185-188,210.
[21] 彭沙沙,吴小萍,梅盛.基于GIS的城市城市轨道交通与土地利用协调研究 [J].铁道工程学报,2011(1):76-79,85.
[22] 罗铭,陈艳艳,刘小明.交通-土地利用复合系统协调度模型研究 [J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2008,32(4):585-588.
[23] 张晓东,张宇,郑猛,等.城市土地使用与交通协调发展定量化分析方法的探索与实践——以北京市中心城为例 [C] //第十五届中国科协年会第25分会场:产城互动与规划统筹研讨会论文集.北京:中国学术期刊(光盘版)电子杂志社,2013.
[24] 魏权龄.评价相对有效性的数据包络分析模型-DEA和网络DEA [M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2012.
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