海岛生态物联网建设:概念和模型
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摘要
海岛是自然资源的重要组成部分,但由于受海洋影响强烈、海岛空间有限而生态脆弱性明显,应加强保护。保护的前提则需要掌握海岛生态本底现状及未来发展、变化趋势等信息,海岛生态物联网监测则能够为实现这一需求提供重要支撑。本文在前人相关研究的基础上,概述了海岛生态物联网的概念,即基于物联网技术对海岛生态系统开展自动、实时、长期监测并获取海岛生物、非生物、生态安全等信息以掌握海岛生态系统在自然和人为活动干扰下的变化规律与机制,评估海岛生态状况以作出相应决策和开展海岛生态学研究的基础网络体系;结合海岛特点构建了海岛生态物联网概念模型,形成了由生态要素监测层、数据采集层、存储层、网络传输层、能源保障层、保密层、应用层等7部分构成的监测体系;海岛生态物联网在前期构建、监测内容、数据管理、建设及维护、数据应用等方面具有区别于其他物联网的特征。以广东典型小海岛——三角岛为例展示了海岛生态物联网概念模型在具体海岛上的构建应用,为下一步开展三角岛生态物联网的实践应用及管理提供基础参考,为海岛生态监测和生态物联网建设提供理论和实践参考,并有助于未来海岛生态物联网建设的研究。
Islands are important part of natural resources. However, their spatially-confined nature, due to a strong effect of the sea, makes them ecologically more vulnerable, thus calling for the strengthening of protection strategies. Such strategies must take the specific ecological background of the island landform into account, as well as consider other information, such as future development and trends. Monitoring through an Island Ecological Internet of Things(IEIOT) approach can provide an important support to protection strategies. In this paper, the concept of IEIOT is firstly summarised on the basis of previous studies. Then, using the Internet of Things(IOT) technology, an automatic, real-time and long-term monitoring of an island ecosystem is carried out. Information on biological, abiotic and ecological security of the island is obtained through the monitoring to get insight into the changing patterns and mechanisms of the island ecosystem in response to natural and human activities. The basic network system for assessing the state of the island ecology is presented, which is fundamental to make appropriate decisions and carry out island ecology research. A concept model of the IEIOT is constructed, tailored to the peculiar characteristics of the island. The IEIOT monitoring system is composed of a monitoring layer of ecological elements, a data acquisition layer, a storage layer, a network transmission layer, an energy security layer, a security layer, and an application layer. The IEIOT is different from other IOT systems in several aspects including its construction, monitoring content, data management, maintenance, and data application. Finally, a typical island of Guangdong, Triangle Island, is taken as a case study to demonstrate the construction and application of the conceptual model of IEIOT. The case study provides a reference for the possible future implementation and management of an IEIOT system in Triangle Island. Furthermore, the work provides a theoretical and practical reference for the ecological monitoring of islands, and for the construction of IEIOT systems.
Islands are important part of natural resources. However, their spatially-confined nature, due to a strong effect of the sea, makes them ecologically more vulnerable, thus calling for the strengthening of protection strategies. Such strategies must take the specific ecological background of the island landform into account, as well as consider other information, such as future development and trends. Monitoring through an Island Ecological Internet of Things(IEIOT) approach can provide an important support to protection strategies. In this paper, the concept of IEIOT is firstly summarised on the basis of previous studies. Then, using the Internet of Things(IOT) technology, an automatic, real-time and long-term monitoring of an island ecosystem is carried out. Information on biological, abiotic and ecological security of the island is obtained through the monitoring to get insight into the changing patterns and mechanisms of the island ecosystem in response to natural and human activities. The basic network system for assessing the state of the island ecology is presented, which is fundamental to make appropriate decisions and carry out island ecology research. A concept model of the IEIOT is constructed, tailored to the peculiar characteristics of the island. The IEIOT monitoring system is composed of a monitoring layer of ecological elements, a data acquisition layer, a storage layer, a network transmission layer, an energy security layer, a security layer, and an application layer. The IEIOT is different from other IOT systems in several aspects including its construction, monitoring content, data management, maintenance, and data application. Finally, a typical island of Guangdong, Triangle Island, is taken as a case study to demonstrate the construction and application of the conceptual model of IEIOT. The case study provides a reference for the possible future implementation and management of an IEIOT system in Triangle Island. Furthermore, the work provides a theoretical and practical reference for the ecological monitoring of islands, and for the construction of IEIOT systems.
引文
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[12] Hu P F,Ning H S,Qiu T,Xu Y,Luo X,Sangaiah A K.A unified face identification and resolution scheme using cloud computing in Internet of Things.Future Generation Computer Systems,2018,81:582- 592.
[13] Perles A,Pérez-Marín E,Mercado R,Segrellese J D,Blanquer I,Zarzo M,Garcia-Diego F J.An energy-efficient internet of things (IoT) architecture for preventive conservation of cultural heritage.Future Generation Computer Systems,2018,81:566- 581.
[14] Aboudi N.El.Parallel and distributed population based feature selection framework for health monitoring.International Journal of Cloud Applications and Computing,2017,7(1):57- 71.
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[17] Zhou Y,Wang K,Liu H X.An elevator monitoring system based on the internet of things.Procedia Computer Science,2018,131:541- 544.
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[19] Esposito S,Cafiero A,Giannino F,Mazzoleni S,Diano M M.A monitoring,modeling and decision support system (DSS) for a microalgae production plant based on internet of things structure.Procedia Computer Science,2017,113:519- 524.
[20] Pease S G,Trueman R,Davies C,Grosberg J,Yau K H,Kaur N,Conway P,West A.An intelligent real-time cyber-physical toolset for energy and process prediction and optimisation in the future industrial Internet of Things.Future Generation Computer Systems,2018,79:815- 829.
[21] Wang J Z,Zhou J S,Gu R R,Chen M Z,Li P P.Manage system for internet of things of greenhouse based on GWT.Information Processing in Agriculture,2018,5(2):269- 278.
[22] Edmondson V,Cerny M,Lim M,Gledson B,Lockley S,Woodward J.A smart sewer asset information model to enable an ‘Internet of Things′ for operational wastewater management.Automation in Construction,2018,91:193- 205.
[23] 王让会.生态信息科学研究导论.北京:科学出版社,2011:80- 85.
[24] 王让会.基于“互联网+生态”理念与技术的生态文明建设(ECC)模式研究.生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(9):797- 802.
[25] Porter J,Arzberger P,Braun H W,Bryant P,Gage S,Hansen T,Hanson P,Lin C C,Lin F P,Kratz T,Michener W,Shapiro S,Williams T.Wireless sensor networks for ecology.Bioscience,2005,55(7):561- 572.
[26] Bayne K,Damesin S,Evans M.The internet of things - wireless sensor networks and their application to forestry.New Zealand Journal of Forestry,2017,61(4):37- 41.
[27] 崔振东,郑亮,桂福坤,赵晟.海-岛感知物联网关键技术研究.浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2015,34(2):204- 208.
[28] Aqeel-ur-Rehman,Abbasi A Z,Islam N,Shaikh Z A.A review of wireless sensors and networks′ applications in agriculture.Computer Standards and Interfaces,2014,36(2):263- 270.
[29] Zhao J Z,Zheng X C,Dong R C,Shao G F.The planning,construction,and management toward sustainable cities in China needs the Environmental Internet of Things.International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology,2013,20(3):195- 198.
[30] Tolle G,Polastre J,Szewczyk R,Culler D,Turner N,Tu K,Burgess S,Dawson T,Buonadonna P,Gay D,Hong W.A macroscope in the redwoods//Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems.San Diego,California,USA:ACM,2005:51- 63.
[31] Singh A,Batalin M A,Chen V,Stealey M,Jordan B,Fisher J C,Harmon T C,Hansen M H,Kaiser W J.Autonomous robotic sensing experiments at San Joaquin River//Proceedings of 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.Roma,Italy:IEEE,2007:■.Architecting an IoT-enabled platform for precision agriculture and ecological monitoring:A case study.Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2017,140:255- 265.
[33] 张志卫.无居民海岛生态化开发监管技术体系研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[34] 徐程.海岸带生态系统感知平台设计与实现[D].上海:上海交通大学,2015.
[35] 张超,金光.基于ZigBee的海岛传感网环境监测系统应用研究.无线通信技术,2017,26(2):15- 18.
[36] Naumowicz T,Freeman R,Kirk H,Dean B,Calsyn M,Liers A,Braendle A,Guilford T,Schiller J H.Wireless Sensor Network for habitat monitoring on Skomer Island//Proceedings of the IEEE Local computer network Conference.Denver,CO,USA:IEEE,2010:882- 889.
[37] 李新,刘绍民,孙晓敏,吴冬秀,周燕,郭建文,温学发,陈世苹,马明国,晋锐,赵宁.生态系统关键参量监测设备研制与生态物联网示范.生态学报,2016,36(22):7023- 7027.
[2] 杨义菊,孙丽,王德刚,蔡廷禄,于淼,王小波.无居民海岛开发的时空顺序探讨.海洋开发与管理,2011,28(11):5- 10.
[3] 高俊国,刘大海.海岛环境管理的特殊性及其对策.海洋环境科学,2007,26(4):397- 400.
[4] Rodríguez-Navas C,Bj?rklund E,Bak S A,Hansen M,Krogh K A,Maya F,Forteza R,Cerdà V.Pollution pathways of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment on the island of Mallorca,Spain.Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2013,65(1):56- 66.
[5] Watson E B,Powell E,Maher N P,Oczkowski A J,Paudel B,Starke A,Szura K,Wigand C.Indicators of nutrient pollution in Long Island,New York,estuarine environments.Marine Environmental Research,2018,134:109- 120.
[6] 王媛,刘述锡.海水养殖对海岛生态系统脆弱性影响评估初探.大连海洋大学学报,2017,3(32):349- 355.
[7] Bezeng B S.Invasion of Alien Species on Robben Island:Causes and Impacts on Phylogenetic Diversity of Native Plant Communities[D].South Africa:University of Johannesburg Institutional Repository,2012.
[8] Patro S,Krishnan P,Gopi M,Raja S,Sreeraj C R,Ramachandran P,Ramesh R.Snowflake coral,Carijoa riisei from Grand Island,Goa:a case of invasion of an alien species or re-establishment of a native species?Current Science,2015,109(6):1028- 1030.
[9] 张羽.某岛屿的智慧环境管理系统设计与实现[D].大连:大连理工大学,2015.
[10] 胡向东.物联网研究与发展综述.数字通信,2010,37(2):17- 21.
[11] Han G J,Jiang J F,Zhang C Y,Duong T Q,Guizani M,Karagiannidis G K.A survey on mobile anchor node assisted localization in wireless sensor networks.IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials,2016,18(3):2220- 2243.
[12] Hu P F,Ning H S,Qiu T,Xu Y,Luo X,Sangaiah A K.A unified face identification and resolution scheme using cloud computing in Internet of Things.Future Generation Computer Systems,2018,81:582- 592.
[13] Perles A,Pérez-Marín E,Mercado R,Segrellese J D,Blanquer I,Zarzo M,Garcia-Diego F J.An energy-efficient internet of things (IoT) architecture for preventive conservation of cultural heritage.Future Generation Computer Systems,2018,81:566- 581.
[14] Aboudi N.El.Parallel and distributed population based feature selection framework for health monitoring.International Journal of Cloud Applications and Computing,2017,7(1):57- 71.
[15] Hossain M,Islam S M R,Ali F,Kwak K S,Hasan R.An Internet of Things-based health prescription assistant and its security system design.Future Generation Computer Systems,2018,82:422- 439.
[16] Sani A S,Yuan D,Jin J,Gao L X,Yu S,Dong Z Y.Cyber security framework for internet of things-based energy internet.Future Generation Computer Systems,2018,1- 10.doi:10.1016/j.future.2018.01.029.
[17] Zhou Y,Wang K,Liu H X.An elevator monitoring system based on the internet of things.Procedia Computer Science,2018,131:541- 544.
[18] Wen Z G,Hu S H,De Clercq D,Beck M B,Zhang H,Zhang H N,Fei F,Liu J G.Design,implementation,and evaluation of an Internet of Things (IoT) network system for restaurant food waste management.Waste Management,2018,73:26- 38.
[19] Esposito S,Cafiero A,Giannino F,Mazzoleni S,Diano M M.A monitoring,modeling and decision support system (DSS) for a microalgae production plant based on internet of things structure.Procedia Computer Science,2017,113:519- 524.
[20] Pease S G,Trueman R,Davies C,Grosberg J,Yau K H,Kaur N,Conway P,West A.An intelligent real-time cyber-physical toolset for energy and process prediction and optimisation in the future industrial Internet of Things.Future Generation Computer Systems,2018,79:815- 829.
[21] Wang J Z,Zhou J S,Gu R R,Chen M Z,Li P P.Manage system for internet of things of greenhouse based on GWT.Information Processing in Agriculture,2018,5(2):269- 278.
[22] Edmondson V,Cerny M,Lim M,Gledson B,Lockley S,Woodward J.A smart sewer asset information model to enable an ‘Internet of Things′ for operational wastewater management.Automation in Construction,2018,91:193- 205.
[23] 王让会.生态信息科学研究导论.北京:科学出版社,2011:80- 85.
[24] 王让会.基于“互联网+生态”理念与技术的生态文明建设(ECC)模式研究.生态与农村环境学报,2018,34(9):797- 802.
[25] Porter J,Arzberger P,Braun H W,Bryant P,Gage S,Hansen T,Hanson P,Lin C C,Lin F P,Kratz T,Michener W,Shapiro S,Williams T.Wireless sensor networks for ecology.Bioscience,2005,55(7):561- 572.
[26] Bayne K,Damesin S,Evans M.The internet of things - wireless sensor networks and their application to forestry.New Zealand Journal of Forestry,2017,61(4):37- 41.
[27] 崔振东,郑亮,桂福坤,赵晟.海-岛感知物联网关键技术研究.浙江海洋学院学报:自然科学版,2015,34(2):204- 208.
[28] Aqeel-ur-Rehman,Abbasi A Z,Islam N,Shaikh Z A.A review of wireless sensors and networks′ applications in agriculture.Computer Standards and Interfaces,2014,36(2):263- 270.
[29] Zhao J Z,Zheng X C,Dong R C,Shao G F.The planning,construction,and management toward sustainable cities in China needs the Environmental Internet of Things.International Journal of Sustainable Development and World Ecology,2013,20(3):195- 198.
[30] Tolle G,Polastre J,Szewczyk R,Culler D,Turner N,Tu K,Burgess S,Dawson T,Buonadonna P,Gay D,Hong W.A macroscope in the redwoods//Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems.San Diego,California,USA:ACM,2005:51- 63.
[31] Singh A,Batalin M A,Chen V,Stealey M,Jordan B,Fisher J C,Harmon T C,Hansen M H,Kaiser W J.Autonomous robotic sensing experiments at San Joaquin River//Proceedings of 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation.Roma,Italy:IEEE,2007:■.Architecting an IoT-enabled platform for precision agriculture and ecological monitoring:A case study.Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2017,140:255- 265.
[33] 张志卫.无居民海岛生态化开发监管技术体系研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2012.
[34] 徐程.海岸带生态系统感知平台设计与实现[D].上海:上海交通大学,2015.
[35] 张超,金光.基于ZigBee的海岛传感网环境监测系统应用研究.无线通信技术,2017,26(2):15- 18.
[36] Naumowicz T,Freeman R,Kirk H,Dean B,Calsyn M,Liers A,Braendle A,Guilford T,Schiller J H.Wireless Sensor Network for habitat monitoring on Skomer Island//Proceedings of the IEEE Local computer network Conference.Denver,CO,USA:IEEE,2010:882- 889.
[37] 李新,刘绍民,孙晓敏,吴冬秀,周燕,郭建文,温学发,陈世苹,马明国,晋锐,赵宁.生态系统关键参量监测设备研制与生态物联网示范.生态学报,2016,36(22):7023- 7027.
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