不同造林模式闽楠造林成效研究
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摘要
以3种不同造林模式造林2年后的闽楠试验林为研究对象,分析其幼林生长情况、根系性状、木材特性、光合作用,比较不同造林模式下闽楠的差异。结果表明:3种造林模式中杉木林下套种闽楠的平均地径、树高、最大冠幅、枝下高、根深、平均根幅、单株总根长、根系总表面积和根系总体积均最大,分别达11.60 mm、115.56 cm、61.33 cm、32.42 cm、47.50 cm、48.42 cm、1269.13 cm、376.75 cm~2、9.32 cm~3。杉木林下套种闽楠模式的树干纤维素含量最高,达34.32%。3种不同造林模式最大净光合速率(P_(max))的范围在5.52～7.92μmol/m~2·s,表观量子效率(AQY)范围在0.0417～0.0602μmol/μmol,P_(max)和AQY大小排序均为:林下套种>混交林>纯林。不同造林模式光饱和点(L_s)的范围在943.62～1508.13μmol/m~2·s,光补偿点(L_c)的范围在11.79～16.53μmol/m~2·s,L_s和L_c由高到低依次为纯林>混交林>林下套种。林下套种闽楠的综合评分最高,达0.7814,混交林次之,得分为0.2782;综合生长情况、根系性状、木材特性、光合作用等性状表现,本研究3种造林模式中保留密度450株/hm~2的杉木林下套种闽楠为造林成效最优的模式。
Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.)Yang after two years of afforestation in three different afforestation models were used as tested materials, the growth condition of young plantation, root traits, wood characteristics and photosynthesis were analyzed, and the difference of Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.)Yang among three different afforestation models were compared. The results showed that the ground diameter, tree height, the maximum crown width, the clear bole height, root depth, average root width, individual root length, total root surface area and root volume ofP. bournei were the largest interplanting with Chinese Fir among the three afforestation models, and the values were 11.60 mm, 115.56 cm, 61.33 cm, 32.42 cm, 47.50 cm, 48.42 cm, 1269.13 cm, 376.75 cm~2 and 9.32 cm~3,respectively. The cellulose content of P. bournei of the interplanted forest was the highest, reaching 34.32%. The maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(max))of the three different afforestation models ranged from 5.52 to 7.92 μmol/m~2·s, and the AQY ranged from 0.0417 to 0.0602 μmol/μmol, and the order of both(P_(max)) and AQY were as follows: the interplanted forest > mixed forest > pure forest. The L_(s )ranged from 943.62 to 1508.13 μmol/m~2·s, the ranged from 11.79 to 16.53 μmol/m~2·s, and the order of both L_s and L_c were as follows: pure forest>mixed forest>the interplanted forest. The comprehensive score of the interplanted forest was the highest, reaching 0.7814, followed by mixed forests, with a score of 0.2782. According to the character performance of the growth of young plantation, root traits, wood characteristics and photosynthesis, it is indicated that interplanted forest with 450 trees/hm~2 Chinese Fir retention density is the optimum model for afforestation of P. bournei among the three afforestation models.
Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.)Yang after two years of afforestation in three different afforestation models were used as tested materials, the growth condition of young plantation, root traits, wood characteristics and photosynthesis were analyzed, and the difference of Phoebe bournei(Hemsl.)Yang among three different afforestation models were compared. The results showed that the ground diameter, tree height, the maximum crown width, the clear bole height, root depth, average root width, individual root length, total root surface area and root volume ofP. bournei were the largest interplanting with Chinese Fir among the three afforestation models, and the values were 11.60 mm, 115.56 cm, 61.33 cm, 32.42 cm, 47.50 cm, 48.42 cm, 1269.13 cm, 376.75 cm~2 and 9.32 cm~3,respectively. The cellulose content of P. bournei of the interplanted forest was the highest, reaching 34.32%. The maximum net photosynthetic rate(P_(max))of the three different afforestation models ranged from 5.52 to 7.92 μmol/m~2·s, and the AQY ranged from 0.0417 to 0.0602 μmol/μmol, and the order of both(P_(max)) and AQY were as follows: the interplanted forest > mixed forest > pure forest. The L_(s )ranged from 943.62 to 1508.13 μmol/m~2·s, the ranged from 11.79 to 16.53 μmol/m~2·s, and the order of both L_s and L_c were as follows: pure forest>mixed forest>the interplanted forest. The comprehensive score of the interplanted forest was the highest, reaching 0.7814, followed by mixed forests, with a score of 0.2782. According to the character performance of the growth of young plantation, root traits, wood characteristics and photosynthesis, it is indicated that interplanted forest with 450 trees/hm~2 Chinese Fir retention density is the optimum model for afforestation of P. bournei among the three afforestation models.
引文
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[11] 朱弘,温国胜.3种模型对毛竹快速生长期冠层叶片叶绿素荧光——快速光响应曲线(RLCS)拟合的比较[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2017,46(6):659-664.
[12] 游惠明,何东进,蔡昌棠,等.天宝岩长苞铁杉林倒木对土壤肥力质量的影响评价[J].应用与环境生物学报,2013,19(1):168-174.
[13] 许耀照,张芬琴,陈修斌,等.水分胁迫对彩椒幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(2):182-189.
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[17] 盛杰,陈月华,吴际友,等.闽楠家系苗期光合特性的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(6):45-49.
[18] 欧建德.福建闽楠人工幼林氮磷钾施肥效应与施肥模式[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(1):92-97.
[19] 葛乐,虞木奎,成向荣,等.杉木林下套种不同树种对土壤改良效应初探[J].土壤通报,2011,42(4):948-952.
[20] 楚秀丽,刘青华,范辉华,等.不同生境、造林模式闽楠人工林生长及林分分化[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(4):445 -453.
[21] 杜龙岗,王美兴.玉米SLAF标记的开发及其在玉米果皮纤维素含量BSA分析中的应用[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(8):1421-1430.
[2] 游晓庆,彭诗涛,郭孝玉,等.闽楠天然次生林林分空间结构研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2016,38(4):660-667.
[3] 杨佳伟,文仕知,何功秀,等.施肥对闽楠幼树PS II叶绿素荧光快速光响应曲线的影响[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(2):43-49.
[4] 黄秀美.闽楠优树子代测定及早期选择研究[J].山地农业生物学报,2013,32(4) :344-348.
[5] 何舒怀,马永征,费永俊.湖北来凤楠属植物群落物种构成及特点研究[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,36(1):45-49.
[6] 黄宇,张娟,温晓芸,等.不同造林方式闽楠幼林根系性状分析[J].福建林业科技,2019,46(1):21-25.
[7] 李荣生,尹光天,杨锦昌,等.闽楠福建种源家系在广东的生长表现及其选择[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(6):7-13.
[8] 王艺,王秀花,张丽珍,等.不同栽培基质对浙江楠和闽楠容器苗生长和根系发育的影响[J].植物资源与环境学,2013,22(3):81-87.
[9] 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所,东北林业大学.GB/1927-2009.木材物理力学试材采集方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2009.
[10] 石淑兰,何福望,张曾,等.制浆造纸分析与检测[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2010:35-37.
[11] 朱弘,温国胜.3种模型对毛竹快速生长期冠层叶片叶绿素荧光——快速光响应曲线(RLCS)拟合的比较[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2017,46(6):659-664.
[12] 游惠明,何东进,蔡昌棠,等.天宝岩长苞铁杉林倒木对土壤肥力质量的影响评价[J].应用与环境生物学报,2013,19(1):168-174.
[13] 许耀照,张芬琴,陈修斌,等.水分胁迫对彩椒幼苗生长及光合特性的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(2):182-189.
[14] 许大全.叶片表观量子效率的测定[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:88-94.
[15] 唐洁,汤玉喜,苏晓华,等.美洲黑杨无性系苗期光合生理特性研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2014,34(9):12-16.
[16] 黄秦军,黄国伟,丁昌俊,等.美洲黑杨杂种不同生长势无性系光合特征[J].林业科学,2013,49(3):56-62.
[17] 盛杰,陈月华,吴际友,等.闽楠家系苗期光合特性的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2015,35(6):45-49.
[18] 欧建德.福建闽楠人工幼林氮磷钾施肥效应与施肥模式[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(1):92-97.
[19] 葛乐,虞木奎,成向荣,等.杉木林下套种不同树种对土壤改良效应初探[J].土壤通报,2011,42(4):948-952.
[20] 楚秀丽,刘青华,范辉华,等.不同生境、造林模式闽楠人工林生长及林分分化[J].林业科学研究,2014,27(4):445 -453.
[21] 杜龙岗,王美兴.玉米SLAF标记的开发及其在玉米果皮纤维素含量BSA分析中的应用[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(8):1421-1430.