大叶桢楠和小叶桢楠光合生理特性比较
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摘要
以2年生大叶桢楠(Phoebe zhennan f. elliptical)和小叶桢楠(P. zhennan f. oblong)实生苗为试验材料,比较其夏季光合色素含量、叶绿素荧光参数、光合—光响应曲线、气体交换参数和光合日变化。结果表明:(1)两种桢楠叶绿素a/b(Chl. a/b)无显著差异,分别为2.617和2.651,属于耐阴植物。(2)大叶桢楠的初始荧光(F_o)、实际光量子效率(Φ_(PSⅡ))、光化学猝灭系数(qP)和最大荧光(F_m)都显著高于小叶桢楠,二者最大光化学量子产量(F_v/F_m)无显著差异。(3)大叶桢楠光饱和点(506.00μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))和光补偿点(29.25μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))显著高于小叶桢楠(431.00和16.20μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)),说明大叶桢楠对强光利用能力稍强,对光适应范围更广,小叶桢楠对弱光利用能力强,更耐阴。(4)夏季两种桢楠净光合速率(P_n)日变化均呈"双峰型"曲线,最高峰出现在上午10时左右,大叶桢楠峰值(7.52μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1))显著高于小叶桢楠(5.41μmol·m~(-2)·s~(-1)),且均出现"光合午休"现象,主要为非气孔限制所致。
Two-year-old Phoebe zhennan f. elliptical and P. zhennan f. oblong were used to study the photosynthetic pigment content,light response curves,gas exchange,photosynthetic characteristics,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in summer. We found that the ratios of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b(Chl. a/b)in P. zhennan f. elliptical and P. zhennan f. oblong were 2.617 and 2.651,respectively.Therefore,both are shade-requiring plants. The minimal fluorescence(F_o),the actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Φ_(PSⅡ)),photochemical quenching(qP),and maximum fluorescence(F_m)of P. zhennan f. oblong were higher than those of P. zhennan f. elliptical,although there were no significant differences in the maximum photochemical quantum yield(F_v/F_m). The light saturation point(LSP)of P. zhennan f.elliptical was higher than that of P. zhennan f. oblong(506.00 vs. 431.00 μmol · m~(-2) · s~(-1)). Therefore,P. zhennan f. elliptical has stronger light-utilization ability. However,the light compensation point(LCP)of P. zhennan f. oblong was lower than that of P. zhennan f. elliptical(16.20 vs. 29.25 μmol · m~(-2) · s~(-1)),which suggests that P. zhennan f. oblong has greater ability to use weak light. The diurnal changes in the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)in summer had a double peak,with the major peak at 10:00 am. The Pn was higher in P. zhennan f. elliptical than in P. zhennan f. oblong(7.52 vs. 5.41 μmol · m~(-2 )· s~(-1)). The two types of P. zhennan showed a"light lunch break",which is mainly caused by non-stomatal limitations. In brief,Chl.a/b and LCP were important indicators for measuring shade tolerance. Both types of P. zhennan were shade-requiring plants,although P. zhennan f. oblong had stronger shade tolerance,while P. zhennan f. elliptical can adapt to a wider range of light.
Two-year-old Phoebe zhennan f. elliptical and P. zhennan f. oblong were used to study the photosynthetic pigment content,light response curves,gas exchange,photosynthetic characteristics,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in summer. We found that the ratios of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b(Chl. a/b)in P. zhennan f. elliptical and P. zhennan f. oblong were 2.617 and 2.651,respectively.Therefore,both are shade-requiring plants. The minimal fluorescence(F_o),the actual photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Φ_(PSⅡ)),photochemical quenching(qP),and maximum fluorescence(F_m)of P. zhennan f. oblong were higher than those of P. zhennan f. elliptical,although there were no significant differences in the maximum photochemical quantum yield(F_v/F_m). The light saturation point(LSP)of P. zhennan f.elliptical was higher than that of P. zhennan f. oblong(506.00 vs. 431.00 μmol · m~(-2) · s~(-1)). Therefore,P. zhennan f. elliptical has stronger light-utilization ability. However,the light compensation point(LCP)of P. zhennan f. oblong was lower than that of P. zhennan f. elliptical(16.20 vs. 29.25 μmol · m~(-2) · s~(-1)),which suggests that P. zhennan f. oblong has greater ability to use weak light. The diurnal changes in the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)in summer had a double peak,with the major peak at 10:00 am. The Pn was higher in P. zhennan f. elliptical than in P. zhennan f. oblong(7.52 vs. 5.41 μmol · m~(-2 )· s~(-1)). The two types of P. zhennan showed a"light lunch break",which is mainly caused by non-stomatal limitations. In brief,Chl.a/b and LCP were important indicators for measuring shade tolerance. Both types of P. zhennan were shade-requiring plants,although P. zhennan f. oblong had stronger shade tolerance,while P. zhennan f. elliptical can adapt to a wider range of light.
引文
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Hu Jing-nan,Liu Gui-hua.2010.Preliminary investigation on photosynthetic characteristics of saplings of Phoebe zhennan and Machilus leptophylla.Journal of Anhui Agricultural University,37(3):541-546.(in Chinese)胡婧楠,刘桂华.2010.2种楠木幼树光合生理特性的初步研究.安徽农业大学学报,37(3):541-546.
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