三峡库区消落带土壤化学性质年际变化特征
|
摘要
【目的】分析三峡库区消落带经历长期水库水位变化后的土壤化学性质,为揭示消落带水文环境变化提供科学依据。【方法】在秭归段消落带回水区选择典型次生灌丛固定监测样地,根据库区水位运行计划,于2008、2009、2012、2014和2015年(分别经历0、1、4、6和7次水位涨落)对不同海拔(145～155、155～165、165～175、175～185 m)样地的不同土层(0～10和10～20 cm)土壤的pH值和有机质及碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量进行测定。【结果】经历7次水位涨落后,所有海拔的pH值均明显增加,其中海拔145～155 m土壤由酸性(pH6. 1)变为碱性(pH8. 2),而其他海拔土壤逐渐由酸性趋于中性;水淹海拔区土壤有机质含量高于非水淹对照海拔(175～185 m),且随水淹时间增加,0～10 cm土层有机质含量较2008年呈逐年下降趋势,而10～20 cm土层则先增加后降低;随水位涨落周期的增加,土壤碱解氮含量呈波动性下降趋势,且0～10 cm土层土壤对水淹影响更为敏感,0～10 cm土层碱解氮以2009年和2015年下降最为显著(P<0. 05),和2008年相比各海拔降幅分别达37. 2%～54. 7%和50. 6%～65. 7%; 0～10 cm土层速效钾含量在2009年降幅最大,达17. 1%～50. 8%;速效磷含量则呈逐年下降趋势,且在速效养分中的流失量最大,在经历4、6和7次水位涨落后,速效磷含量较2008年分别下降78. 0%、94. 8%、91. 6%(0～10 cm)和89. 5%、93. 6、92. 5%(10～20 cm)。【结论】随三峡水库运行周期的不断延长,消落带土壤pH值升高、有机质含量下降,消落带土壤养分匮乏现象将突显,对于消落带经历长期水位涨落后的土壤化学性质变化仍需长期监督。
【Objective】Chemical properties of soils at different altitudes and layers after long-term reservoir water level changes were analyzed to understand the degree of variation of soil environment after years of drastic changes in dry-wet alternation in the fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir.【Method】Sample plots were set up in a secondary shrub forest within the typical hydro-fluctuation belt in the Three Gorges Reservoir. According to the water level operation plan of the reservoir area,the pH-value,organic matter,and contents of available N,available P and available K in the soil at different altitudes(145-155,155-165,165-175,and 175-185 m) in different soil layers(0-10 and 10-20 cm) were measured in 2008,2009,2012,2014,and 2015(that is,through 0,1,4,6,and 7 fluctuations of water level,respectively).【Results】Results showed that soil pH-values at all altitudes increased obviously,the pH value at 145-155 m changed from acid(pH6.1) to alkaline(pH8.2),and the pH-values at other altitudes gradually tended to be neutral after 7 fluctuations of water level. The extent of pH variation at different altitudes was: 145-155 m > 155-165 m > 165-175 m > 175-185 m. The content of soil organic matter in the flooded area was higher than that of the non-flooded area at 175-185 m. With the increase of flood duration,the content of organic matter in the 0-10 cm soil layer decreased year by year compared with that in 2008,but in the 10-20 cm soil layer it increased first and followed by a decrease. With the increase of the number cycles of water level fluctuation,the contents of soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen and available potassium showed a downward trend of fluctuation,and the contents in the 0-10 cm soil layer were more sensitive to flooding compared with those in 10-20 cm layer. The alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen in 0-10 cm soil layer decreased most significantly in 2009 and 2015,and compared with 2008,the decrease at all altitudes was by 37.2%-54.7% and 50.6%-65.7%,respectively. Moreover,the decrease of available potassium in 0-10 cm soil layer was the largest in 2009,up to 17.1%-50.8%. The content of available P decreased year by year,and the loss of available P was the biggest among all the available nutrients. After 1,4,6 and 7 fluctuations of water level,the content of available phosphorus in 0-10 cm layer significantly decreased by 21.8%,45.4%,82.2%,and 90.2%,and the content of available phosphorus in 10-20 cm layer significantly(P < 0. 01) decreased by 44. 3%,61. 5%,83. 5%,and 92%,respectively.【Conclusion 】With continual extension of the operation period of the Three Gorges reservoir,the soil properties of the fluctuating zone change gradually,reflected by the increased soil pH-values,the decreased content of organic matter,and the depleted available nutrients. To a certain extent, this provides a new scientific basis for predicting succession process of ecological environment quality and the changes of soil properties in the reservoir area under long-term flooding conditions.
【Objective】Chemical properties of soils at different altitudes and layers after long-term reservoir water level changes were analyzed to understand the degree of variation of soil environment after years of drastic changes in dry-wet alternation in the fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir.【Method】Sample plots were set up in a secondary shrub forest within the typical hydro-fluctuation belt in the Three Gorges Reservoir. According to the water level operation plan of the reservoir area,the pH-value,organic matter,and contents of available N,available P and available K in the soil at different altitudes(145-155,155-165,165-175,and 175-185 m) in different soil layers(0-10 and 10-20 cm) were measured in 2008,2009,2012,2014,and 2015(that is,through 0,1,4,6,and 7 fluctuations of water level,respectively).【Results】Results showed that soil pH-values at all altitudes increased obviously,the pH value at 145-155 m changed from acid(pH6.1) to alkaline(pH8.2),and the pH-values at other altitudes gradually tended to be neutral after 7 fluctuations of water level. The extent of pH variation at different altitudes was: 145-155 m > 155-165 m > 165-175 m > 175-185 m. The content of soil organic matter in the flooded area was higher than that of the non-flooded area at 175-185 m. With the increase of flood duration,the content of organic matter in the 0-10 cm soil layer decreased year by year compared with that in 2008,but in the 10-20 cm soil layer it increased first and followed by a decrease. With the increase of the number cycles of water level fluctuation,the contents of soil alkali hydrolysable nitrogen and available potassium showed a downward trend of fluctuation,and the contents in the 0-10 cm soil layer were more sensitive to flooding compared with those in 10-20 cm layer. The alkali hydrolyzed nitrogen in 0-10 cm soil layer decreased most significantly in 2009 and 2015,and compared with 2008,the decrease at all altitudes was by 37.2%-54.7% and 50.6%-65.7%,respectively. Moreover,the decrease of available potassium in 0-10 cm soil layer was the largest in 2009,up to 17.1%-50.8%. The content of available P decreased year by year,and the loss of available P was the biggest among all the available nutrients. After 1,4,6 and 7 fluctuations of water level,the content of available phosphorus in 0-10 cm layer significantly decreased by 21.8%,45.4%,82.2%,and 90.2%,and the content of available phosphorus in 10-20 cm layer significantly(P < 0. 01) decreased by 44. 3%,61. 5%,83. 5%,and 92%,respectively.【Conclusion 】With continual extension of the operation period of the Three Gorges reservoir,the soil properties of the fluctuating zone change gradually,reflected by the increased soil pH-values,the decreased content of organic matter,and the depleted available nutrients. To a certain extent, this provides a new scientific basis for predicting succession process of ecological environment quality and the changes of soil properties in the reservoir area under long-term flooding conditions.
引文
常超,谢宗强,熊高明,等.2009.三峡库区不同植被类型土壤养分特征.生态学报,29(11):5978-5985.(Chang C,Xie Z Q,Xiong G M,et al.2009.Characteristics of soil nutrients of different vegetation types in the Three Gorges reservoir area.Acta Ecologica Sinica,29(11):5978-5985.[in Chinese])
常超,谢宗强,熊高明,等.2011.三峡水库蓄水对消落带土壤理化性质的影响.自然资源学报,26(7):1236-1244.(Chang C,Xie Z Q,Xiong G M,et al.2011.The effect of flooding on soil physical and chemical properties of riparian zone of in the Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Natural Resources,26(7):1236-1244.[in Chinese])
程瑞梅,刘泽彬,肖文发,等.2017.三峡库区典型消落带土壤化学性质变化.林业科学,53(2):19-25.(Cheng R M,Liu Z B,Xiao W F,et al.2017.Changes of soil chemical properties in typical hydro-fluctuation belt of Three Gorges Reservoir.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,53(2):19-25.[in Chinese])
范小华,谢德体,魏朝富.2006.水、土环境变化下消落区生态环境问题研究.中国农学通报,22(10):374-379.(Fan X F,Xie D T,Wei C F.2006.Study on the ecological environmental problems of the riparian zone under interactions of the soil and water.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,22(10):374-379.[in Chinese])
傅杨武,陈明君,潘杰,等.2010.三峡库区消落带淹水后土壤性质变化的动态模拟.安徽农业科学,38(20):10783-10784.(Fu Y W,Chen M J,Pan J,et al.2010.Dynamic simulation of change in soil property of flooded-belt in Three Gorges Reservoir Area after flooding.Journal of Anhui Agriculture Science,38(20):10783-10784.[in Chinese])
国家林业局.2000.森林土壤分析方法.北京:中国标准出版社.(State Forestry Administration.2000.Determination methods of forest soils.Beijing:Standards Press of China.[in Chinese])
郭泉水,康义,赵玉娟,等.2012.三峡库区消落带土壤氮磷钾、pH值和有机质变化.林业科学,48(3):7-10.(Guo Q S,Kang Y,Zhao Y J,et al.2012.Changes in the contents of N,P,K,p H and organic matter of the soil which experienced the hydro-fluctuation in the Three Gorges Reservoir.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,48(3):7-10.[in Chinese])
贾国梅,何立,刘潇,等.2016.三峡库区消落带土壤有机碳氧化稳定性特征.水土保持研究,23(5):14-19.(Jia G M,He L,Liu X,et al.2016.Characteristics of soil oxidizable stable organic carbon in riparian of Three Gorges Reservoir.Research of Soil and Water Reservation,23(5):14-19.[in Chinese])
刘世全,高丽丽,蒲玉琳,等.2005.西藏土壤磷素和钾素养分状况及其影响因素.水土保持学报,19(1):75-78.(Liu S Q,Gao L L,Pu Y L,et al.2005.Status of soil P and K nutrient and their influencing factors in Tibet.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,19(1):75-88.[in Chinese])
刘贤德,赵维俊,张学龙,等.2013.祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉林土壤养分和p H变化特征.干旱区研究,30(6):1013-1020.(Liu X D,Zhao W J,Zhang X L,et al.2013.Variation of soil nutriment content and p H value under Picea crassifolia forest in the Pailugou Drainage Basin in the Qilian Mountains.Arid Zone Research,30(6):1013-1020.[in Chinese])
刘泽彬.2014.三峡库区消落带两种植物对淹水环境适应性的模拟研究.北京:中国林业科学研究院硕士学位论文.(Liu Z B.2014.A simulation study on the adaptability of two plants in hydro-fluctuation belt of Three Gorges Reservoir Region to flooding.Beijing:MS thesis of Chinese Academy of Forestry.[in Chinese])
任庆水,马朋,李昌晓,等.2016.三峡库区消落带落羽杉(Taxodium distichum)与柳树(Salix matsudana)人工植被对土壤营养元素含量的影响.生态学报,36(20):6431-6444.(Ren Q S,Ma P,Li C X,et al.2016.Effects of Taxodium distichum and Salix matsudanaon the contents of nutrient elements in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Acta Ecologica Sinica,36(20):6431-6444.[in Chinese])
沈雅飞,王娜,刘泽彬,等.2016.三峡库区消落带土壤化学性质变化.水土保持学报,30(3):190-195.(Shen Y F,Wang N,Liu Z B,et al.2016.Changes of the soil chemical properties in hydro-fluctuation belt of Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,30(3):190-195.[in Chinese])
石孝洪.2004.三峡水库消落区土壤磷素释放与富营养化.中国土壤与肥料,(1):40-42.(Shi X H.2004.Eutropication and phosphorus release of soil in drawdown area of Three Gorges Reservoir.Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,(1):40-42.[in Chinese])
苏维词,杨华,罗有贤,等.2003.三峡库区涨落带的主要生态环境问题及其防治措施.水土保持研究,10(4):196-198.(Su W C,Yang H,Luo Y X,et al.2003.Eco-environmental problems of the water-level-fluctuating zone in Three-Gorges Reservoir and their counter measures.Research of Soil and Water Conservation,10(4):196-198.[in Chinese])
陶玉炎,耿金菊,王荣俊,等.2013.环境条件变化对河流沉积物“三氮”释放的影响.环境科学与技术,(s1):41-44.(Tao Y Y,Geng J J,Wang R J,et al.2013.Influence of environmental conditions on the release of“three nitrogen”in river sediments.Environmental Science&Technology,(s1):41-44.[in Chinese])
王改改,傅瓦利,魏朝富,等.2008.消落带土壤铁的形态变化及其对有效磷的影响.土壤通报,39(1):68-72.(Wang G G,Fu W L,Wei C F,et al.2008.Iron transformation and phosphorus availability in a drawdown area of Three Gorges Reservoir.Chinese Journal of Soil Science,39(1):68-72.[in Chinese])
王晓锋,袁兴中,刘红,等.2015.三峡库区消落带4种典型植物根际土壤养分与氮素赋存形态.环境科学,36(10):3662-3673.(Wang X F,Yuan X Z,Liu H,et al.2015.Nutrient characteristics and nitrogen forms of rhizosphere soil under four typical plants in the littoral zone of TGR.Environment Science,36(10):3662-3673.[in Chinese])
王晓荣,程瑞梅,肖文发,等.2010.三峡库区消落带初期土壤养分特征.生态学杂志,29(2):281-289.(Wang X R,Cheng R M,Xiao W F,et al.2010.Soil nutrient characteristics in juvenile water-level-fluctuating zone of Three Gorges Reservoir.Chinese Journal of Ecology,29(2):281-289.[in Chinese])
王娅儆,陈芳清,张淼,等.2016.三峡库区水位消涨对杉木溪消落带土壤性质的影响.水生态学杂志,37(3):56-61.(Wang Y J,Chen F Q,Zhang M,et al.2016.Response of nutrient levels and spatial distribution to water-level fluctuation on the Shanmu riverbanks in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Journal of Hydroecology,37(3):56-61.[in Chinese])
杨洪昇,田昆,姚茜,等.2015.筑坝蓄水对高原湿地拉市海土壤有机质和全氮分布格局的影响.生态学杂志,34(1):162-167.(Yang H S,Tian K,Yao Q et al.2015.The impacts of dam impoundment on the distribution patterns of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in Lashihai plateau wetland.Chinese Journal of Ecology,34(1):162-167.[in Chinese])
杨予静,李昌晓,马朋.2015.三峡水库城区消落带人工草本植被土壤养分含量研究.草业学报,24(4):1-11.(Yang Y J,Li C X,Ma P.2015.Nutrient content of soils under artificial grass vegetation in the urban hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,24(4):1-11.[in Chinese])
袁辉,王里奥,胡刚,等.2008.三峡库区消落带受淹土壤氮和磷释放的模拟实验.环境科学研究,21(1):103-106.(Yuan H,Wang L A,Hu G,et al.2008.Release of N,P from submerged soil in the shore-area of Three Gorges Reservoir.Research of Environmental Science,21(1):103-106.[in Chinese])
詹艳慧,王里奥,焦艳静.2006.三峡库区消落带土壤氮素吸附释放规律.重庆大学学报:自然科学版,29(8):10-13.(Zhan Y H,Wang L A,Jiao Y J.2006.Adsorption&release of nitrogen of soil in Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Chongqing University:Natural Science Edition,29(8):10-13.[in Chinese])
章程.2009.典型岩溶泉流域不同土地利用方式土壤营养元素形态及其影响因素.水土保持学报,23(4):165-169.(Zhang C.2009.Speciation of soil nutrient elements and their controlling factors in different land-uses of typical Karst Spring Watershed.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,23(4):165-169.[in Chinese])
张金洋,王定勇,石孝洪.2004.三峡水库消落区淹水后土壤性质变化的模拟研究.水土保持学报,18(6):120-123.(Zhang J Y,Wang D Y,Shi X H.2004.Change of soil character after flooding in drawdown area of Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,18(6):120-123.[in Chinese])
张希彪,上官周平.2006.人为干扰对黄土高原子午岭油松人工林土壤物理性质的影响.生态学报,26(11):3685-3695.(Zhang X B,Shangguan Z P.2006.Effect of human-induced disturbance on physical properties of soil in artificial Pinustabulae formis Carr.forests of the Loess Plateau.Acta Ecologica Sinica,26(11):3685-3695.[in Chinese])
中国科学院南京土壤研究所.1978.土壤理化分析.上海:上海科学技术出版社.(Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences.1978.Analysis of soil physico-chemical properties.Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press.[in Chinese])
朱妮妮,郭泉水,秦爱丽,等.2015.三峡水库奉节以东秭归和巫山段消落带植物群落动态特征.生态学报,35(23):7852-7867.(Zhu N N,Guo Q S,Qin A L,et al.2015.Plant community dynamics in the hydro fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir at the Zigui and Wushan Section,east of Fengjie County,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,35(23):7852-7867.[in Chinese])
Adejuwon J O,Ekanade O.1988.A comparison of soil properties under different landuse types in a part of the Nigerian cocoa belt.Catena,15(3):319-331.
Liu Z,Cheng R,Xiao W,et al.2014.Effect of off-season flooding on growth,photosynthesis,carbohydrate partitioning,and nutrient uptake in Distylium chinense.Plos One,9(9):e107636.
Paul K I,Black A S,Conyers M K.2001.Effect of plant residue return on the development of surface soil p H gradients.Biology and Fertility of Soils,33(1):75-82.
Péresz J M S,Trémolieres M,Takatert N,et al.1999.Quantification of nitrate removal by a flooded alluvial zone in theⅢfloodplain(Eastern France).Hydrobiologia,410(1):185-193.
S?ndergaard M,Kristensen P,Jeppesen E.1992.Phosphorus release from resuspended sediment in the shallow and wind-exposed Lake Arres,Denmark.Hydrobiologia,228(1):91-99.
Vymazal J.2007.Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands.Science of the Total Environment,380(1/3):48-65.
Watts C J.2000.The effect of organic matter on sedimentary phosphorus release in an Australian reservoir.Hydrobiologia,431(1):13-25.
Ye C,Cheng X,Zhang Q.2014.Recovery approach affects soil quality in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir,China:implications for revegetation.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,21(3):2018.
Ye C,Cheng X,Zhang Y,et al.2012.Soil nitrogen dynamics following short-term revegetation in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir,China.Ecological Engineering,38(1):37-44.
常超,谢宗强,熊高明,等.2011.三峡水库蓄水对消落带土壤理化性质的影响.自然资源学报,26(7):1236-1244.(Chang C,Xie Z Q,Xiong G M,et al.2011.The effect of flooding on soil physical and chemical properties of riparian zone of in the Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Natural Resources,26(7):1236-1244.[in Chinese])
程瑞梅,刘泽彬,肖文发,等.2017.三峡库区典型消落带土壤化学性质变化.林业科学,53(2):19-25.(Cheng R M,Liu Z B,Xiao W F,et al.2017.Changes of soil chemical properties in typical hydro-fluctuation belt of Three Gorges Reservoir.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,53(2):19-25.[in Chinese])
范小华,谢德体,魏朝富.2006.水、土环境变化下消落区生态环境问题研究.中国农学通报,22(10):374-379.(Fan X F,Xie D T,Wei C F.2006.Study on the ecological environmental problems of the riparian zone under interactions of the soil and water.Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,22(10):374-379.[in Chinese])
傅杨武,陈明君,潘杰,等.2010.三峡库区消落带淹水后土壤性质变化的动态模拟.安徽农业科学,38(20):10783-10784.(Fu Y W,Chen M J,Pan J,et al.2010.Dynamic simulation of change in soil property of flooded-belt in Three Gorges Reservoir Area after flooding.Journal of Anhui Agriculture Science,38(20):10783-10784.[in Chinese])
国家林业局.2000.森林土壤分析方法.北京:中国标准出版社.(State Forestry Administration.2000.Determination methods of forest soils.Beijing:Standards Press of China.[in Chinese])
郭泉水,康义,赵玉娟,等.2012.三峡库区消落带土壤氮磷钾、pH值和有机质变化.林业科学,48(3):7-10.(Guo Q S,Kang Y,Zhao Y J,et al.2012.Changes in the contents of N,P,K,p H and organic matter of the soil which experienced the hydro-fluctuation in the Three Gorges Reservoir.Scientia Silvae Sinicae,48(3):7-10.[in Chinese])
贾国梅,何立,刘潇,等.2016.三峡库区消落带土壤有机碳氧化稳定性特征.水土保持研究,23(5):14-19.(Jia G M,He L,Liu X,et al.2016.Characteristics of soil oxidizable stable organic carbon in riparian of Three Gorges Reservoir.Research of Soil and Water Reservation,23(5):14-19.[in Chinese])
刘世全,高丽丽,蒲玉琳,等.2005.西藏土壤磷素和钾素养分状况及其影响因素.水土保持学报,19(1):75-78.(Liu S Q,Gao L L,Pu Y L,et al.2005.Status of soil P and K nutrient and their influencing factors in Tibet.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,19(1):75-88.[in Chinese])
刘贤德,赵维俊,张学龙,等.2013.祁连山排露沟流域青海云杉林土壤养分和p H变化特征.干旱区研究,30(6):1013-1020.(Liu X D,Zhao W J,Zhang X L,et al.2013.Variation of soil nutriment content and p H value under Picea crassifolia forest in the Pailugou Drainage Basin in the Qilian Mountains.Arid Zone Research,30(6):1013-1020.[in Chinese])
刘泽彬.2014.三峡库区消落带两种植物对淹水环境适应性的模拟研究.北京:中国林业科学研究院硕士学位论文.(Liu Z B.2014.A simulation study on the adaptability of two plants in hydro-fluctuation belt of Three Gorges Reservoir Region to flooding.Beijing:MS thesis of Chinese Academy of Forestry.[in Chinese])
任庆水,马朋,李昌晓,等.2016.三峡库区消落带落羽杉(Taxodium distichum)与柳树(Salix matsudana)人工植被对土壤营养元素含量的影响.生态学报,36(20):6431-6444.(Ren Q S,Ma P,Li C X,et al.2016.Effects of Taxodium distichum and Salix matsudanaon the contents of nutrient elements in the hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Acta Ecologica Sinica,36(20):6431-6444.[in Chinese])
沈雅飞,王娜,刘泽彬,等.2016.三峡库区消落带土壤化学性质变化.水土保持学报,30(3):190-195.(Shen Y F,Wang N,Liu Z B,et al.2016.Changes of the soil chemical properties in hydro-fluctuation belt of Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,30(3):190-195.[in Chinese])
石孝洪.2004.三峡水库消落区土壤磷素释放与富营养化.中国土壤与肥料,(1):40-42.(Shi X H.2004.Eutropication and phosphorus release of soil in drawdown area of Three Gorges Reservoir.Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China,(1):40-42.[in Chinese])
苏维词,杨华,罗有贤,等.2003.三峡库区涨落带的主要生态环境问题及其防治措施.水土保持研究,10(4):196-198.(Su W C,Yang H,Luo Y X,et al.2003.Eco-environmental problems of the water-level-fluctuating zone in Three-Gorges Reservoir and their counter measures.Research of Soil and Water Conservation,10(4):196-198.[in Chinese])
陶玉炎,耿金菊,王荣俊,等.2013.环境条件变化对河流沉积物“三氮”释放的影响.环境科学与技术,(s1):41-44.(Tao Y Y,Geng J J,Wang R J,et al.2013.Influence of environmental conditions on the release of“three nitrogen”in river sediments.Environmental Science&Technology,(s1):41-44.[in Chinese])
王改改,傅瓦利,魏朝富,等.2008.消落带土壤铁的形态变化及其对有效磷的影响.土壤通报,39(1):68-72.(Wang G G,Fu W L,Wei C F,et al.2008.Iron transformation and phosphorus availability in a drawdown area of Three Gorges Reservoir.Chinese Journal of Soil Science,39(1):68-72.[in Chinese])
王晓锋,袁兴中,刘红,等.2015.三峡库区消落带4种典型植物根际土壤养分与氮素赋存形态.环境科学,36(10):3662-3673.(Wang X F,Yuan X Z,Liu H,et al.2015.Nutrient characteristics and nitrogen forms of rhizosphere soil under four typical plants in the littoral zone of TGR.Environment Science,36(10):3662-3673.[in Chinese])
王晓荣,程瑞梅,肖文发,等.2010.三峡库区消落带初期土壤养分特征.生态学杂志,29(2):281-289.(Wang X R,Cheng R M,Xiao W F,et al.2010.Soil nutrient characteristics in juvenile water-level-fluctuating zone of Three Gorges Reservoir.Chinese Journal of Ecology,29(2):281-289.[in Chinese])
王娅儆,陈芳清,张淼,等.2016.三峡库区水位消涨对杉木溪消落带土壤性质的影响.水生态学杂志,37(3):56-61.(Wang Y J,Chen F Q,Zhang M,et al.2016.Response of nutrient levels and spatial distribution to water-level fluctuation on the Shanmu riverbanks in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area.Journal of Hydroecology,37(3):56-61.[in Chinese])
杨洪昇,田昆,姚茜,等.2015.筑坝蓄水对高原湿地拉市海土壤有机质和全氮分布格局的影响.生态学杂志,34(1):162-167.(Yang H S,Tian K,Yao Q et al.2015.The impacts of dam impoundment on the distribution patterns of soil organic matter and total nitrogen in Lashihai plateau wetland.Chinese Journal of Ecology,34(1):162-167.[in Chinese])
杨予静,李昌晓,马朋.2015.三峡水库城区消落带人工草本植被土壤养分含量研究.草业学报,24(4):1-11.(Yang Y J,Li C X,Ma P.2015.Nutrient content of soils under artificial grass vegetation in the urban hydro-fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region.Acta Prataculturae Sinica,24(4):1-11.[in Chinese])
袁辉,王里奥,胡刚,等.2008.三峡库区消落带受淹土壤氮和磷释放的模拟实验.环境科学研究,21(1):103-106.(Yuan H,Wang L A,Hu G,et al.2008.Release of N,P from submerged soil in the shore-area of Three Gorges Reservoir.Research of Environmental Science,21(1):103-106.[in Chinese])
詹艳慧,王里奥,焦艳静.2006.三峡库区消落带土壤氮素吸附释放规律.重庆大学学报:自然科学版,29(8):10-13.(Zhan Y H,Wang L A,Jiao Y J.2006.Adsorption&release of nitrogen of soil in Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Chongqing University:Natural Science Edition,29(8):10-13.[in Chinese])
章程.2009.典型岩溶泉流域不同土地利用方式土壤营养元素形态及其影响因素.水土保持学报,23(4):165-169.(Zhang C.2009.Speciation of soil nutrient elements and their controlling factors in different land-uses of typical Karst Spring Watershed.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,23(4):165-169.[in Chinese])
张金洋,王定勇,石孝洪.2004.三峡水库消落区淹水后土壤性质变化的模拟研究.水土保持学报,18(6):120-123.(Zhang J Y,Wang D Y,Shi X H.2004.Change of soil character after flooding in drawdown area of Three Gorges Reservoir.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,18(6):120-123.[in Chinese])
张希彪,上官周平.2006.人为干扰对黄土高原子午岭油松人工林土壤物理性质的影响.生态学报,26(11):3685-3695.(Zhang X B,Shangguan Z P.2006.Effect of human-induced disturbance on physical properties of soil in artificial Pinustabulae formis Carr.forests of the Loess Plateau.Acta Ecologica Sinica,26(11):3685-3695.[in Chinese])
中国科学院南京土壤研究所.1978.土壤理化分析.上海:上海科学技术出版社.(Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences.1978.Analysis of soil physico-chemical properties.Shanghai:Shanghai Science and Technology Press.[in Chinese])
朱妮妮,郭泉水,秦爱丽,等.2015.三峡水库奉节以东秭归和巫山段消落带植物群落动态特征.生态学报,35(23):7852-7867.(Zhu N N,Guo Q S,Qin A L,et al.2015.Plant community dynamics in the hydro fluctuation belt of the Three Gorges Reservoir at the Zigui and Wushan Section,east of Fengjie County,China.Acta Ecologica Sinica,35(23):7852-7867.[in Chinese])
Adejuwon J O,Ekanade O.1988.A comparison of soil properties under different landuse types in a part of the Nigerian cocoa belt.Catena,15(3):319-331.
Liu Z,Cheng R,Xiao W,et al.2014.Effect of off-season flooding on growth,photosynthesis,carbohydrate partitioning,and nutrient uptake in Distylium chinense.Plos One,9(9):e107636.
Paul K I,Black A S,Conyers M K.2001.Effect of plant residue return on the development of surface soil p H gradients.Biology and Fertility of Soils,33(1):75-82.
Péresz J M S,Trémolieres M,Takatert N,et al.1999.Quantification of nitrate removal by a flooded alluvial zone in theⅢfloodplain(Eastern France).Hydrobiologia,410(1):185-193.
S?ndergaard M,Kristensen P,Jeppesen E.1992.Phosphorus release from resuspended sediment in the shallow and wind-exposed Lake Arres,Denmark.Hydrobiologia,228(1):91-99.
Vymazal J.2007.Removal of nutrients in various types of constructed wetlands.Science of the Total Environment,380(1/3):48-65.
Watts C J.2000.The effect of organic matter on sedimentary phosphorus release in an Australian reservoir.Hydrobiologia,431(1):13-25.
Ye C,Cheng X,Zhang Q.2014.Recovery approach affects soil quality in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir,China:implications for revegetation.Environmental Science and Pollution Research,21(3):2018.
Ye C,Cheng X,Zhang Y,et al.2012.Soil nitrogen dynamics following short-term revegetation in the water level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir,China.Ecological Engineering,38(1):37-44.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |