建筑材料生命周期CO_2排放研究——以天津市住宅建筑为例
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摘要
建筑材料CO_2排放是建筑碳排放的重要组成部分。利用生命周期评价理论,将建筑材料生命周期进行了划分,总结出了建筑材料生命周期碳排放的核算模型。利用该核算模型,对天津市38栋住宅的建筑材料生命周期碳排放量进行了计算,并对计算结果进行了分析。发现住宅建筑的单位面积建筑材料碳排放平均值为366. 70 kgCO_2/m~2,其中,钢材、混凝土和砂浆的碳排放量可占80%以上;住宅建筑的建筑面积、标准层面积和层数等参数均与其单位面积碳排放量有着较好的正相关性。之后,分别以建筑面积、标准层面积及层数为自变量,通过统计学方法构建了建筑材料生命周期碳排放的预测模型,并验证了各预测模型的科学性和准确性。
CO_2 emissions from building materials are important part of building life cycle carbon emissions. Based on LCA theory,the life cycle of building materials was divided into following stages:production,transportation,repair,demolition and processing. And a quantitative life cycle CO_2 emission accounting model was established. Based on this accounting model,life cycle carbon emissions of building materials from 38 residential buildings in Tianjin were calculated( at an average value of 366. 70 kg CO_2/m~2).The results show that carbon emissions from steel,concrete and mortar could account for more than 80%of the total; parameters such as construction area,standard layer area and building layers all show good positive correlation with carbon emissions. Based on the statistical method,prediction models of carbon emissions of building materials were constructed by using construction area,standard layer area and building layers as independent variables respectively,then the accuracy of those prediction models are verified.
CO_2 emissions from building materials are important part of building life cycle carbon emissions. Based on LCA theory,the life cycle of building materials was divided into following stages:production,transportation,repair,demolition and processing. And a quantitative life cycle CO_2 emission accounting model was established. Based on this accounting model,life cycle carbon emissions of building materials from 38 residential buildings in Tianjin were calculated( at an average value of 366. 70 kg CO_2/m~2).The results show that carbon emissions from steel,concrete and mortar could account for more than 80%of the total; parameters such as construction area,standard layer area and building layers all show good positive correlation with carbon emissions. Based on the statistical method,prediction models of carbon emissions of building materials were constructed by using construction area,standard layer area and building layers as independent variables respectively,then the accuracy of those prediction models are verified.
引文
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[3]MA Jia-jun,DU Gang,ZHANG Zeng-kai,et al.Life cycle analysis of energy consumption and CO2emissions from a typical large office building in Tianjin,China[J].Building and Environment,2017,117:36-48.
[4]张涛,吴佳洁,乐云.建筑材料全寿命期CO2排放量计算方法[J].工程管理学报,2012,26(1):23-26.
[5]ZHANG Xiao-cun,WANG Feng-lai.Life-cycle assessment and control measures for carbon emissions of typical buildings in China[J].Building and Environment,2015,86:89-97.
[6]王霞.住宅建筑生命周期碳排放研究[D].天津:天津大学,2012.
[7]熊宝玉.住宅建筑全生命周期碳排放量测算研究[D].深圳:深圳大学,2015.
[8]CECS 374:2014,建筑碳排放计量标准[S].北京:中国计划出版社,2014.
[9]崔鹏.建筑物生命周期碳排放因子库构建及应用研究[D].南京:东南大学,2015.
[10]Sungho Tae,Sungwoo Shin,Jeehwan Woo,et al.The development of apartment house life cycle CO2simple assessment system using standard apartment houses of South Korea[J].Renew able and Sustainable Energy Review s,2011.
[11]鞠颖,陈易.全生命周期理论下的建筑碳排放计算方法研究---基于1997~2013年间CNKI的国内文献统计分析[J].住宅科技,2014,34(5):32-37.
[12]LUO Zhi-xing,YANG Liu,LIU Jia-ping.Embodied carbon emissions of office building:A case study of China’s 78 office buildings[J].Building and Environment,2016,95:365-371.
[13]Jonathan Lubetsky,Bruce A.Steiner,Robert Lanza.2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories[M].2006:4.9-4.31.
[14]杨倩苗.建筑产品的全生命周期环境影响定量评价[D].天津:天津大学,2009.
[15]高源,余泞秀,刘丛红.城市建筑生命周期碳排放核算模型构建与应用[J].建筑节能,2014,42(10):75-79.
[16]黄志甲,冯雪峰,张婷.住宅建筑碳排放核算方法与应用[J].建筑节能,2014,42(4):48-52.
[17]Solomon Sheldon,Qin Danfeng,Manning Matthew,et al.Climate change 2007:the Physical Science Basis.Contribution of Working Group Ito the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.Summary for Policymakers[J].Computational Geometry,2007,18(2):95-123.
[18]张又升.建筑物生命周期二氧化碳减量评估[D].台湾:成功大学,2003.
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