广元市主要核桃良种生长表现及经济性状分析
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摘要
本文对广元市9个核桃良种的生长表现及坚果经济性状进行了分析。结果表明:(1)广元现有良种具有生长势中等偏强,具备丰产、稳产特性。同时,本地核桃品种多样性丰富,在特色品种开发方面,仍然有较大空间。(2)广元现有良种果形端正,果壳厚薄适中,坚果内褶壁基本退化,隔膜膜质,稀有革质,多数取仁易,出仁率高。在以后的品种推广中,应大力发展蜀朝2号、青川1号、旺核1号等品种果型大、出仁率高、耐储运的良种。(3)根据变异分析得出,三径均值、粗脂肪含量、出仁率变异系数较低,说明这些指标的遗传稳定性较高。(4)单果重、三径、壳厚、出仁率、粗脂肪含量、粗蛋白含量两两之间存在一定的相关性。这些相关性结果对于研究区域内核桃性状变异、性状指标间变化规律具有一定的指导意义。
Analysis was made of the growth performance and nuts' economic traits of the nine walnut cultivars in Guangyuan city.The results showed that(1) these cultivars had strong growth potential and high,stable yield characteristics.This area boasted an abundance of useful walnut varieties,so there was still a large space for characteristic variety development.(2) These walnut cultivars were appropriate in shapes and nut shell thickness with degraded and membranous diaphragm.Most of the nut shells were easily broken for kernel-taking with a high yield of kernels.Walnut cultivars with big nuts,high kernels-taking rate and storage stability should be chosen for variety extension,such as Shuchao 2,Qingchuan 1,Wanghe 1.(3) The coefficients of variation were low in average walnut diameter,crude fat content and kernel yield,which showed high genetic stabilities of these indicators;(4) there was a significant correlation among the weight of single walnut,the average walnut diameter,shell thickness,kernel,crude fat content and crude protein content.The correlation had a certain guiding significance for character variation and trait indicators change rule.
Analysis was made of the growth performance and nuts' economic traits of the nine walnut cultivars in Guangyuan city.The results showed that(1) these cultivars had strong growth potential and high,stable yield characteristics.This area boasted an abundance of useful walnut varieties,so there was still a large space for characteristic variety development.(2) These walnut cultivars were appropriate in shapes and nut shell thickness with degraded and membranous diaphragm.Most of the nut shells were easily broken for kernel-taking with a high yield of kernels.Walnut cultivars with big nuts,high kernels-taking rate and storage stability should be chosen for variety extension,such as Shuchao 2,Qingchuan 1,Wanghe 1.(3) The coefficients of variation were low in average walnut diameter,crude fat content and kernel yield,which showed high genetic stabilities of these indicators;(4) there was a significant correlation among the weight of single walnut,the average walnut diameter,shell thickness,kernel,crude fat content and crude protein content.The correlation had a certain guiding significance for character variation and trait indicators change rule.
引文
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[2] 吴志文.基于“微笑曲线”的广元市核桃产业发展分析[J].四川林业科技,2018,39(3):152～155.
[3] 罗永飞.石棉县核桃资源调查及优树选择[D].四川农业大学,2012.
[4] 张玻,王俊连,侯银堂,等.广元市朝天区乡土核桃种质资源调查研究[J].四川林业科技,2018,39(3):106～109.
[5] 陈善波,王丽,王莎,等.四川穗状核桃资源调查与果实品质评价研究[J].四川林业科技,2017,38(2):1～7.
[6] 陈善波,王莎,金银春,等.四川穗状核桃优良单株坚果综合性状评价研究[J].四川林业科技,2018,39(1):32～36.
[7] 王莎,吴泞孜,陈善波,等.早实核桃杂交育种试验初报[J].四川林业科技,2018,39(2):43～46,84.
[8] 王国安,高明月,张树信.早实核桃半同胞子代坚果品质变异性的研究[J].经济林研究,1995(3):20～24.
[9] 甄知娅,刘华,李丕军,等.西南地区优良核桃资源及果实特性评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(10):24～28.
[10] 余光英,胡国珍.核桃优株实生子代遗传性状的研究[J].贵州林业科技,1995(3):7～16.
[11] 蒲光兰,肖千文,周兰英.早实核桃新品种“川早1号” [J].园艺学报,2011,38(10):2025～2026.
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