750 kV变电站噪声测量与特性分析
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摘要
为有效控制和治理超/特高压变电站噪声,以西北电网某750 kV变电站为研究背景,对站内已投运的主要电气设备的噪声进行测量。对每个需测设备选取沿轮廓线分布的测量点,每个测量点均测量3次,取平均值;然后,对测量数据进行特性分析和频谱分析。结果表明,主变压器和高压电抗器的各相频谱图整体呈对称分布,其中变压器噪声值在100～800 Hz频段较高,电抗器在100～500 Hz频带范围内的噪声值较高,冷却装置、带电架构对变压器和电抗器的噪声频谱分布具有一定影响,环境噪声对变电站噪声的影响基本可以忽略不计。经过测量和分析可知,高压电抗器和主变压器是站内主要噪声源,并且各个设备间会相互影响。
In order to control and manage the noise of UHV/EHV high voltage substation effectively, taking a 750 kV substation in Northwest Power Grid as the research background, the noise of the main electrical equipments in the station is measured. The measuring points are selected along the contour line for each equipment to be measured, each of which is measured three times and the average value is obtained. And then, the characteristics and spectrum of the measured data are analyzed. The results show that the phase spectra of the main transformer and the high voltage reactor are symmetrically distributed, that the noise value of the transformer is higher in the frequency band of 100～800 Hz and the noise value of the reactor is higher in the frequency band of 100～500 Hz,that cooling device and live structure have certain influence on noise spectrum distribution of transformer and reactor,and that the influence of environmental noise on substation noise can be neglected. Through measurement and analysis, it is known that high-voltage reactor and main transformer are the main noise sources in the station, and each equipment would interact with each other.
In order to control and manage the noise of UHV/EHV high voltage substation effectively, taking a 750 kV substation in Northwest Power Grid as the research background, the noise of the main electrical equipments in the station is measured. The measuring points are selected along the contour line for each equipment to be measured, each of which is measured three times and the average value is obtained. And then, the characteristics and spectrum of the measured data are analyzed. The results show that the phase spectra of the main transformer and the high voltage reactor are symmetrically distributed, that the noise value of the transformer is higher in the frequency band of 100～800 Hz and the noise value of the reactor is higher in the frequency band of 100～500 Hz,that cooling device and live structure have certain influence on noise spectrum distribution of transformer and reactor,and that the influence of environmental noise on substation noise can be neglected. Through measurement and analysis, it is known that high-voltage reactor and main transformer are the main noise sources in the station, and each equipment would interact with each other.
引文
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[2] 李宁,田东梅,单大鹏,等.城市变电站噪声分析及降噪措施探讨[J].高压电器,2015,51(1):139-144.LI N,TIAN D M,SHAN D P,et al.Analysis and discussion on the noise arised from substation in city[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2015,51(1):139-144.(in Chinese)
[3] 徐禄文.户外变电站噪声预测及优化控制设计[J].噪声与振动控制,2013,33(1):152-156.XU L W.Noise prediction and optimal control design for outdoor substation[J].Noise and Vibration Control,2013,33(1):152-156.(in Chinese)
[4] GUO L Q,LI Y X,WANG T G,et al.Analysis and detection on noise characteristics of AC power transmission and transformation project in different voltage levels[C]//IEEE 2017 2nd International Conference on Power and Renewable Energy.Chengdu,China:IEEE,2017.
[5] 伊国鑫,胡军勇.750 kV变电站噪声分析及控制措施[J].科技创新与应用,2011(29):129.YI G X,HU J Y.Noise analysis and control measures of 750 kV substation[J].Technology Innovation and Application,2011(29):129.(in Chinese)
[6] 肖冰,徐迪.750 kV变电站噪声预测及防治[J].电力建设,2012,33(6):30-33.XIAO B,XU D.Noise prediction and control in 750 kV substation[J].Electric Power Construction,2012,33(6):30-33.(in Chinese)
[7] ZHOU N G,TANG Q,WU X W,et al.Audible noise measurement and analysis of the main power apparatus in UHV GIS substations[C]//2016 International Conference on Electronic,Information and Computer Engineering.Hongkong,2015:1-4.
[8] 李雪亮,徐振,周英,等.1 000 kV特高压变电站声环境影响仿真研究[J].环境工程技术学报,2012,2(3):264-270.LI X L,XU Z,ZHOU Y,et al.The simulation of acoustic environment impact in 1 000 kV extra-high voltage substation[J].Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2012,2(3):264-270.(in Chinese)
[9] 汪远东,徐禄文,沈加曙.变电站环境噪声预测研究[J].环境工程,2012,30(S1):179-181.WANG Y D,XU L W,SHEN J S.Research of substation noise level prediction[J].Environmental Engineering,2012,30(S1):179-181.(in Chinese)
[10] 周兵,裴春明,倪园,等.特高压交流变电站噪声测量与分析[J].高电压技术,2013,39(6):1447-1453.ZHOU B,PEI C M,NI Y,et al.Measurement and analysis of noise in UHV AC substation[J].High Voltage Engineering,2013,39(6):1447-1453.(in Chinese)
[11] 胡静竹,廖清芬,晏阳,等.超高压变电站噪声特性分析与预测模型研究[J].高压电器,2017,53(2):32-38.HU J Z,LIAO Q F,YAN Y,et al.Characteristics analysis and prediction model of noise in super high voltage substation[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2017,53(2):32-38.(in Chinese)
[12] 裴春明,吴晓文,胡胜,等.750 kV变电站可听噪声特性及分布规律[J].高压电器,2016,52(1):101-105.PEI C M,WU X W,HU S,et al.Audible noise distribution and characteristics of a 750 kV substation[J].High Voltage Apparatus,2016,52(1):101-105.(in Chinese)
[13] 倪园,周兵,裴春明,等.1 000 kV特高压并联电抗器周围声波干涉特性分析[J].高电压技术,2014,40(12):3926-3932.NI Y,ZHOU B,PEI C M,et al.Characteristics analysis of acoustic interference around 1 000 kV UHV shunt reactor[J].High Voltage Engineering,2014,40(12):3926-3932.(in Chinese)
[14] 王之浩,周建国,苏磊,等.交流变电站可听噪声来源及特性分析[J].华东电力,2008,36(11):16-18.WANG Z H,ZHOU J G,SU L,et al.Source and characteristics of audible noise of AC substations[J].East China Electric Power,2008,36(11):16-18.(in Chinese)
[15] 周兵,宋倩,倪园,等.高压并联电抗器噪声特性及控制[J].高电压技术,2016,42(6):1819-1826.ZHOU B,SONG Q,NI Y,et al.Noise characteristics of high-voltage shunt reactors and its control[J].High Voltage Engineering,2016,42(6):1819-1826.(in Chinese)
[16] 王燕,贺兴时,王凡,等.改进反向粒子群算法及其在噪声中的应用[J].西安工程大学学报,2011,25(5):721-725.WANG Y,HE X S,WANG F,et al.Opposition-based particle swarm optimization with random factor for noisy problems[J].Journal of Xi′an Polytechnic University,2011,25(5):721-725.(in Chinese)
[17] 谭萍,邢玉娟.噪声环境下文本相关说话人识别方法改进[J].西安工程大学学报,2016,30(5):639-644.TAN P,XING Y J.Improvement of text dependent speaker recognition in noisy environment[J].Journal of Xi′an Polytechnic University,2016,30(5):639-644.(in Chinese)
[18] 高扬.变电站声场特性及噪声分布预测研究[D].保定:华北电力大学,2014:26-27.GAO Y.Study on acoustic field characteristics and noise distribution prediction in substation[D].Baoding:North China Electric Power University,2014:26-27.(in Chinese)
[19] 杨贵恒.噪声与振动控制技术及其应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2018:13-21.YANG G H.Noise and vibration control technology and its application[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2018:13-21.(in Chinese)
[20] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局.工业企业厂界环境噪声排放标准:GB 12348—2008 [S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008:4-5.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People′s Republic of China.Emission standards for industrial enterprises noise at boundary:GB 12348—2008 [S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008:4-5.(in Chinese)
[21] 国家质量监督检验检疫总局.电力变压器第10部分:声级测定:GB/T 1094.10—2003 [S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003:3-6.General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People′s Republic of China.Power transformers——Part 10:Determination of sound levels:GB/T 1094.10—2003 [S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2003:3-6.(in Chinese)
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