含水率和离子浓度对滑带土抗剪强度的影响
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摘要
滑坡地下水环境的变化对滑带土的强度和变形参数有着极大的影响,并影响滑坡的稳定性。三峡库区受到库水位升降及降雨入渗的影响,使得发育于该地区滑坡的滑带土含水率及离子浓度一直处于不断的变化中。以重庆万州区兴福寺滑坡为例,针对滑带土重塑样,采用X射线衍射分析了其矿物成分,然后进行了不同含水率下固结排水直剪试验、不同SO_4~(2-)离子浓度下滑带土的固结排水慢剪试验以及不同SO_4~(2-)离子浓度下滑带土直剪反复剪切试验。试验结果表明:滑带土成分以黏土矿物、石英、钠长石等为主,其中黏土矿物以伊蒙混层、伊利石为主;含水率对滑带土抗剪强度指标的影响较为明显,具体为黏聚力随含水率的增大而增大,内摩擦角随含水率的增大而减小;SO_4~(2-)离子浓度对滑带土抗剪强度指标的影响也较为显著,随着SO_4~(2-)离子浓度的增大,黏聚力与内摩擦角均减小;滑带土经过反复剪切后,残余强度、黏聚力和内摩擦角均随着SO_4~(2-)离子浓度的增大而减小。
The change of ground water environment in the slide zone soil has a great influence on the strength and deformation parameters,and affects the stability of the landslide.The Three Gorges Reservoir area is affected by the rise and fall of reservoir water level and rainfall infiltration,and this changes the water content and ion concentration of the landslides soil in this area constantly.Taking the Xingfusi landslide in Wanzhou area in Chongqing as an example,this paper uses the X ray diffraction to analyse the mineral composition of the remolded samples from the sliding zone soil and performs the direct shear test on the samples with different water content at consolidated drain condition.Next the direct slow shear test and repeated shear test were conducted on the samples with different SO_4~(2-)ion concentration respectively.The test results show that the composition of the sliding-zone soil is dominated by clay minerals,quartz,albite,etc.,and the clay minerals are mainly composed of illite mixed layer and illite.The influence of water content on the shear strength index of sliding zone soil is more obvious.Specifically,the cohesion increases with water content,while the inner friction angle decreases with water content.The influence of SO_4~(2-)ion concentration on the shear strength index of sliding zone soil is also significant.With the increaseof SO_4~(2-)ion concentration,both the cohesion and the inner friction angle decrease.From the repeated shearing of the sliding belt soil,we can find that the residual strength,cohesion,and internal friction angle all decrease with the increase of SO_4~(2-)ion concentration.
The change of ground water environment in the slide zone soil has a great influence on the strength and deformation parameters,and affects the stability of the landslide.The Three Gorges Reservoir area is affected by the rise and fall of reservoir water level and rainfall infiltration,and this changes the water content and ion concentration of the landslides soil in this area constantly.Taking the Xingfusi landslide in Wanzhou area in Chongqing as an example,this paper uses the X ray diffraction to analyse the mineral composition of the remolded samples from the sliding zone soil and performs the direct shear test on the samples with different water content at consolidated drain condition.Next the direct slow shear test and repeated shear test were conducted on the samples with different SO_4~(2-)ion concentration respectively.The test results show that the composition of the sliding-zone soil is dominated by clay minerals,quartz,albite,etc.,and the clay minerals are mainly composed of illite mixed layer and illite.The influence of water content on the shear strength index of sliding zone soil is more obvious.Specifically,the cohesion increases with water content,while the inner friction angle decreases with water content.The influence of SO_4~(2-)ion concentration on the shear strength index of sliding zone soil is also significant.With the increaseof SO_4~(2-)ion concentration,both the cohesion and the inner friction angle decrease.From the repeated shearing of the sliding belt soil,we can find that the residual strength,cohesion,and internal friction angle all decrease with the increase of SO_4~(2-)ion concentration.
引文
[1]杨俊,黎新春,张国栋,等.不同剪切速率对风化砂改良膨胀土抗剪强度指标的影响[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(1):185-190.
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[4]唐扬,殷坤龙,夏辉.前期含水率对浅层滑坡降雨入渗及稳定性影响研究[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(5):204-208.
[5] Luo X Q,Liu D F,Wu J,et al.Model test study on landslide under rainfall and reservoir water fluctuation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2005,24(14):2476-2483.
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[7]何蕾.矿物成分与水化学成分对黏性土抗剪强度的控制规律及其应用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2014.
[8] Jiu-Pai N I,Gao M,Wei C F,et al.Effects of soil water content on soil shearing strength to different soil layer of shallow landslide[J].Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,2009,23(6):48-50.
[9]赵宇,崔鹏,胡良博.黏土抗剪强度演化与酸雨引发滑坡的关系:以三峡库区滑坡为例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(3):576-582.
[10]李守定,李晓,张年学,等.三峡库区宝塔滑坡泥化夹层泥化过程的水岩作用[J].岩土力学,2006,27(10):1841-1846.
[11]Setiawan H,Takara K,Sassa K,et al.Shear strength reduction in progress of shear displacement on the landslide near dam reservoir[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2015,28:587-594.
[12]陈琼.黏土吸附结合水动力学模型及机理研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2013.
[13]刘剑,崔鹏.水土化学作用对土体黏聚力的影响:以蒙脱石-石英砂重塑土为例[J].岩土力学,2017,38(2):419-427.
[14]Wen B P,Duzgoren-Aydin N S,Aydin A.Geochemical characteristics of the slip zones of a landslide in granitic saprolite,Hong Kong:Implications for their development and microenvironments[J].Environmental Geology,2004,47(1):140-154.
[15]Wen B P,Aydin A.Mechanism of a rainfall-induced slide-debris flow:Constraints from microstructure of its slip zone[J].Engineering Geology,2005,78(1):69-88.
[16]滑帅.三峡库区黄土坡滑坡多期次成因机制及其演化规律研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2015.
[17]Zhang M,Mcsaveney M J.Is air pollution causing landslides in China?[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,2018,481:284-289.
[18]Yu Z,Peng C,Hu L B.Relation between evolution of clay shear strength and landslide induced by acid rain-taking landslides in Three Gorges Reservoir area for example[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2009,28(3):576-582.
[19] Maio C D,Vassallo R,Vallario M.Plastic and viscous shear displacements of a deep and very slow landslide in stiff clay formation[J].Engineering Geology,2013,162(4):53-66.
[20]Li S,Knappett J A,Feng X.Centrifugal test on slope instability influenced by rise and fall of reservoir water level[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2008,27(8):1586-1593.
[21]汤文,姚志宾,李邵军,等.水化学作用对滑坡滑带土的物理力学特性影响试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(10):2885-2892.
[22]陈晓平,黄井武,尹赛华,等.滑带土强度特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(11):3212-3218.
[23]汤罗圣,殷坤龙,刘艺梁,等.万州区典型堆积层滑坡滑带土抗剪强度参数间关系研究[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(6):191-195.
[2] Jian W,Wang Z,Yin K.Mechanism of the Anlesi landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir,China[J].Engineering Geology,2009,108(1/2):86-95.
[3] Lu S,Tang H,Zhang Y,et al.Effects of the particle-size distribution on the micro and macro behavior of soils:Fractal dimension as an indicator of the spatial variability of a slip zone in a landslide[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology&the Environment,2018,77(2):665-667.
[4]唐扬,殷坤龙,夏辉.前期含水率对浅层滑坡降雨入渗及稳定性影响研究[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(5):204-208.
[5] Luo X Q,Liu D F,Wu J,et al.Model test study on landslide under rainfall and reservoir water fluctuation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2005,24(14):2476-2483.
[6] Miao H,Wang G,Yin K,et al.Mechanism of the slow-moving landslides in Jurassic red-strata in the Three Gorges Reservoir,China[J].Engineering Geology,2014,171(8):59-69.
[7]何蕾.矿物成分与水化学成分对黏性土抗剪强度的控制规律及其应用[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2014.
[8] Jiu-Pai N I,Gao M,Wei C F,et al.Effects of soil water content on soil shearing strength to different soil layer of shallow landslide[J].Journal of Soil&Water Conservation,2009,23(6):48-50.
[9]赵宇,崔鹏,胡良博.黏土抗剪强度演化与酸雨引发滑坡的关系:以三峡库区滑坡为例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(3):576-582.
[10]李守定,李晓,张年学,等.三峡库区宝塔滑坡泥化夹层泥化过程的水岩作用[J].岩土力学,2006,27(10):1841-1846.
[11]Setiawan H,Takara K,Sassa K,et al.Shear strength reduction in progress of shear displacement on the landslide near dam reservoir[J].Procedia Environmental Sciences,2015,28:587-594.
[12]陈琼.黏土吸附结合水动力学模型及机理研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2013.
[13]刘剑,崔鹏.水土化学作用对土体黏聚力的影响:以蒙脱石-石英砂重塑土为例[J].岩土力学,2017,38(2):419-427.
[14]Wen B P,Duzgoren-Aydin N S,Aydin A.Geochemical characteristics of the slip zones of a landslide in granitic saprolite,Hong Kong:Implications for their development and microenvironments[J].Environmental Geology,2004,47(1):140-154.
[15]Wen B P,Aydin A.Mechanism of a rainfall-induced slide-debris flow:Constraints from microstructure of its slip zone[J].Engineering Geology,2005,78(1):69-88.
[16]滑帅.三峡库区黄土坡滑坡多期次成因机制及其演化规律研究[D].武汉:中国地质大学(武汉),2015.
[17]Zhang M,Mcsaveney M J.Is air pollution causing landslides in China?[J].Earth&Planetary Science Letters,2018,481:284-289.
[18]Yu Z,Peng C,Hu L B.Relation between evolution of clay shear strength and landslide induced by acid rain-taking landslides in Three Gorges Reservoir area for example[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2009,28(3):576-582.
[19] Maio C D,Vassallo R,Vallario M.Plastic and viscous shear displacements of a deep and very slow landslide in stiff clay formation[J].Engineering Geology,2013,162(4):53-66.
[20]Li S,Knappett J A,Feng X.Centrifugal test on slope instability influenced by rise and fall of reservoir water level[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics&Engineering,2008,27(8):1586-1593.
[21]汤文,姚志宾,李邵军,等.水化学作用对滑坡滑带土的物理力学特性影响试验研究[J].岩土力学,2016,37(10):2885-2892.
[22]陈晓平,黄井武,尹赛华,等.滑带土强度特性的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(11):3212-3218.
[23]汤罗圣,殷坤龙,刘艺梁,等.万州区典型堆积层滑坡滑带土抗剪强度参数间关系研究[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(6):191-195.
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