铁路沿线线性无线传感器网络路由协议研究
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摘要
针对铁路沿线环境监测对象种类繁多、位置分散的特点,设计一种无线传感器网络用于将传感器采集信息传输至监测中心,该无线传感器网络由传感器节点、轨边汇聚节点、机房汇聚节点及中继节点组成,重点研究提出轨边汇聚节点与机房汇聚节点之间线性无线传感器网络路由协议。鉴于铁路沿线传感器节点采集信息的重要程度不同,该路由协议根据信息重要程度对数据包进行优先级排序。综合考虑网络寿命和信息重要程度,以网络生命周期内传输数据包数量最大化为目标,建立数据包转发模型和数据包排队模型。在网络能耗均衡的前提下,采用减少优先级高的数据包的转发次数和减少优先级高的数据包在轨边汇聚节点的排队时延两种方式,减少优先级高的数据包的总传输时延。仿真结果表明,该路由协议可以显著减少高优先级数据包的传输时延,均衡使用网络能量,最大化网络寿命。
Monitoring objects along the railway line are in large number and scattered widely.In order to transmit the data collected by the sensors to the monitoring center,a wireless sensor network consisted of sensor nodes,sideway sink nodes,sink nodes and relay nodes is designed.In this paper,a routing protocol is designed to solve the routing problem in transmitting data between sideway sink nodes and sink nodes.Due to different importance level of the monitoring data from the sensors along the railway,data packets are sorted by priorities according to their importance.In designing this routing protocol,network lifecycle and data priority are considered.The packet forwarding model and packet queuing model are established to maximize the number of packets transmitted within network lifecycle.With balanced network energy consumption,two ways are used to reduce the delay of the high priority data packets:one is to reduce the forwarding of packets with high priority and the other is to reduce the queuing of packets with high priority.Simulation results show that this routing protocol can effectively reduce the transmission delay of high priority packets,balance the network energy consumption and improve the network lifecycle.
Monitoring objects along the railway line are in large number and scattered widely.In order to transmit the data collected by the sensors to the monitoring center,a wireless sensor network consisted of sensor nodes,sideway sink nodes,sink nodes and relay nodes is designed.In this paper,a routing protocol is designed to solve the routing problem in transmitting data between sideway sink nodes and sink nodes.Due to different importance level of the monitoring data from the sensors along the railway,data packets are sorted by priorities according to their importance.In designing this routing protocol,network lifecycle and data priority are considered.The packet forwarding model and packet queuing model are established to maximize the number of packets transmitted within network lifecycle.With balanced network energy consumption,two ways are used to reduce the delay of the high priority data packets:one is to reduce the forwarding of packets with high priority and the other is to reduce the queuing of packets with high priority.Simulation results show that this routing protocol can effectively reduce the transmission delay of high priority packets,balance the network energy consumption and improve the network lifecycle.
引文
[1]孙利民,李建中.无线传感器网络[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2014.
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[12]袁辉勇,赵晓廉,谢东.线型无线传感器网络的节点部署策略[J].计算机工程与应用,2010,46(7):86-87.
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[14]王楠,孟庆丰.节点位置固定的线性无线传感器网络节能路由[J].计算机工程与科学,2014,36(11):2087-2093.
[15]Duan Jiaying.Research on Energy-efficient Multi-Path Routing Protocol of WSN for Railway Environment Monitoring[C]∥International Conference on Information Science and Control Engineering.2017:1641-1646.
[16]Duan Jiaying,Shi Tianyun,Lv Xiaojun.Optimal Node Deployment Scheme for WSN-Based Railway Environment Monitoring System[C]∥Chinese Control and Decision Conference.2016:6529-6534.
[17]T.Rappaport.Wireless Communications:Principles&Practice.Englewood Cliffs[M].NJ:Prentice-Hall,1996.
[18]黄业文,吴红,王远世.非强占有限优先权M/M/1排队系统[J].计算机工程与应用,2013,49(13):80-84.
[19]黄业文.非强占有限优先权M/M/1排队系统[D].广州:中山大学,2010.
[20]Zhu D,Lu J.The water-use efficiency of winter wheat and maize on a salt-affected soil in the Huang Huai Hai River Plain of China[J].Agricultural Water Management,1993,23(1):67-82.
[21]P Vasseur,I Devaure,J Sellier.High plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-22 and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1ra in acute pancreatitis[J].Pancreatology,2014,14(6):465-469.
[22]徐雷,鸣庞博,赵耀.NS与网络模拟[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.
[2]Lan F.Akyildiz,Mehmet Can Vuran.Wireless Sensor Netorks[M].WILEY,2010.
[3]Michael R.Moore.Wireless sensor networks[M].S.l.:Elsevier Inc.,2004.
[4]C.Karlof,D.Wagner.Secure routing in wireless sensor networks:attacks and countermeasures[C]∥Proceedings of the First IEEE International Workshop on Sensor Network Protocols and Applications.2003:293-315.
[5]Fapojuwo O A,Cano-Tinoco A.Energy consumption and message delay analysis of Qo S enhanced base station controlled dynamic clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,2009(8):5366-5374.
[6]谈振辉.无线传感器网络的关键技术及应用[J].中兴通讯技术,2009(5).
[7]石军锋,钟先信,陈帅,等.无线传感器网络结构及特点分析[J].重庆大学学报(自然科学版),2005,28(2):16-19
[8]Vikesh K,Singh M D,MSc.A prospective validation of the bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis(bisap)score in assessing mortality in acute pancreatitis[J].The American Journal of Gastroenterology,2009(104):966-971.
[9]王伟.长距离带状无线传感器网络路由协议设计[J].计算机工程,2014,40(3):132-136.
[10]Abraham O.Fapojuwo.Alejandra Cano-Tinoco.Energy Consumption and Message Delay Analysis of Qo S Enhanced Base Station Controlled Dynamic Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks[J].IEEEtransactions on wireless communications,2009,8(10):1536-1276.
[11]PEAS:A Robust Energy Conserving Protocol for Long-Lived Sensor Network[C]∥Proceedings of the 23th International conference on distributed computing systems(ICDCS’03):IEEE Computer Society,2003:1063-6927.
[12]袁辉勇,赵晓廉,谢东.线型无线传感器网络的节点部署策略[J].计算机工程与应用,2010,46(7):86-87.
[13]潘必平.基于线性拓扑无线传感器网络的路由算法研究[D].杭州:杭州电子科技大学,2013.
[14]王楠,孟庆丰.节点位置固定的线性无线传感器网络节能路由[J].计算机工程与科学,2014,36(11):2087-2093.
[15]Duan Jiaying.Research on Energy-efficient Multi-Path Routing Protocol of WSN for Railway Environment Monitoring[C]∥International Conference on Information Science and Control Engineering.2017:1641-1646.
[16]Duan Jiaying,Shi Tianyun,Lv Xiaojun.Optimal Node Deployment Scheme for WSN-Based Railway Environment Monitoring System[C]∥Chinese Control and Decision Conference.2016:6529-6534.
[17]T.Rappaport.Wireless Communications:Principles&Practice.Englewood Cliffs[M].NJ:Prentice-Hall,1996.
[18]黄业文,吴红,王远世.非强占有限优先权M/M/1排队系统[J].计算机工程与应用,2013,49(13):80-84.
[19]黄业文.非强占有限优先权M/M/1排队系统[D].广州:中山大学,2010.
[20]Zhu D,Lu J.The water-use efficiency of winter wheat and maize on a salt-affected soil in the Huang Huai Hai River Plain of China[J].Agricultural Water Management,1993,23(1):67-82.
[21]P Vasseur,I Devaure,J Sellier.High plasma levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-22 and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1ra in acute pancreatitis[J].Pancreatology,2014,14(6):465-469.
[22]徐雷,鸣庞博,赵耀.NS与网络模拟[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,2003.
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