陕西中南部现今地壳垂直形变研究
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摘要
收集陕西中南部1970年以来的多期精密水准测量数据,用基于GPS垂直运动速率约束的动态平差方法获得区域垂直运动速度场。分析表明,地壳垂直运动总体表现为山地、高原相对隆升,盆地相对下沉。相对于关中盆地,西部秦岭、陇山上升速率为4～5 mm/a,北秦岭造山带为2～3 mm/a,盆地北部的鄂尔多斯南缘为3～4 mm/a;相对于北秦岭,汉中盆地下沉速率为1.0 mm/a左右,安康等北大巴山裂谷下沉速率接近2.0 mm/a;秦岭北缘断裂垂直滑动速率为1.3～1.8 mm/a,华山山前断裂为2.0～2.8 mm/a,渭河断裂小于1.0 mm/a,渭河盆地北缘断裂为1.0～2.5 mm/a,南部断裂为0.7～1.1 mm/a。
We collect multi-period precision leveling data from the 1970 s in central-southern Shaanxi and obtain the vertical velocity field of the area using the dynamic adjustment method based on GPS vertical velocity constraints. The result shows that the vertical movement of the crust is generally mountainous, the plateau relatively rises, and the basin's relative subsidence. Relative to the Guanzhong basin, the rate of its rise in the west of Qinling mountains and Longshan in the west is 4～5 mm/a, that of the north Qinling orogenic belt is 2～3 mm/a, and that of the Ordos in the northern part of the basin is 3～4 mm/a. The subsidence rates of north Qinling and the north Dabashan rift at Ankang are about 1 mm/a and 2.0 mm/a, respectively. The vertical slip rate of the northern margin of Qinling fault is 1.3～1.8 mm/a, the frontal fault of Huashan is 2.0～2.8 mm/a, the Weihe fault is less than 1.0 mm/a, the northern margin fault of Weihe basin is 1.0～2.5 mm/a, while the southern faults of are 0.7～1.1 mm/a.
We collect multi-period precision leveling data from the 1970 s in central-southern Shaanxi and obtain the vertical velocity field of the area using the dynamic adjustment method based on GPS vertical velocity constraints. The result shows that the vertical movement of the crust is generally mountainous, the plateau relatively rises, and the basin's relative subsidence. Relative to the Guanzhong basin, the rate of its rise in the west of Qinling mountains and Longshan in the west is 4～5 mm/a, that of the north Qinling orogenic belt is 2～3 mm/a, and that of the Ordos in the northern part of the basin is 3～4 mm/a. The subsidence rates of north Qinling and the north Dabashan rift at Ankang are about 1 mm/a and 2.0 mm/a, respectively. The vertical slip rate of the northern margin of Qinling fault is 1.3～1.8 mm/a, the frontal fault of Huashan is 2.0～2.8 mm/a, the Weihe fault is less than 1.0 mm/a, the northern margin fault of Weihe basin is 1.0～2.5 mm/a, while the southern faults of are 0.7～1.1 mm/a.
引文
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[9] Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Dain A Y L,et al.Propagating Extrusion Tectonics in Asia:New Insights from Simple Experiments with Plasticine[J].Geology,1982,10(10):611-616
[10] 赵静,牛安福,李强,等,陇西块体周边断层闭锁程度与滑动亏损特征研究[J].地震研究,2016,39(3):351-357(Zhao Jing,Niu Anfu,Li Qiang,et al.Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Fault Locking and Fault Slip Deficit in the Faults around the Longxi Block[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2016,39(3):351-357)
[11] 张永志,徐海军,王卫东,等.渭河盆地断裂活动速率的粒子群算法反演[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(4):322-325(Zhang Yongzhi,Xu Haijun,Wang Weidong,et al.Inversion on Slip Velocity of Main Faults in Weihe Basin by Partical Swarm Optimization Algorithm with GPS Data[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(4):322-325)
[12] 田勤虎,周本刚,段蕊,等.渭河断裂东段中更新世晚期以来活动速率[J].灾害学,2014,29(4) :76-81(Tian Qinhu,Zhou Bengang,Duan Rui,et al.Activity Rate of Late Middle Pleistocene of the East Section of the Weihe Fault [J].Journal of Catastrophology,2014,29(4) :76-81)
[13] Li D P,Du J J,Ma Y S,et al.Active Faults and Dip Slip Rates along the Northern Margins of the Huashan Mountain and Weinan Loess Tableland in the Southeastern Weihe Graben,Central China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,114:266-278
[14] 杨源源,高战武,徐伟.华山山前断裂中段晚第四纪活动的地貌表现及响应[J].震灾防御技术,2012,7(4):335-347(Yang Yuanyuan,Gao Zhanwu,Xu Wei.Geomorphic Expression and Response of the Activity along the Middle Section of Huashan Front Fault in the Late Quaternary Period[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2012,7(4) :335-347)
[15] 徐煌坚,申屠炳明,汪一鹏.渭河盆地北缘断裂带活动特征的初步研究[J].地震地质,1988,10(4):77-88(Xu Huangjian,Shentu Bingming,Wang Yipeng,et al.A Preliminary Study of the Characteristics of Activity of Northern Boundary Fault Belt of Weihe Basin[J].Seismology and Geology,1988,10(4):77-88)
[2] 崔笃信,郝明,李煜航,等.鄂尔多斯块体周缘地区现今地壳水平运动与应变[J].地球物理学报,2016,59(10):3 646-3 661(Cui Duxin,Hao Ming,Li Yuhang et al.Present-Day Crustal Movement and Strain of the Surrounding Area of Ordos Block Derived from Repeated GPS Observations[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2016,59(10):3 646-3 661)
[3] 张勤,瞿伟,彭建兵,等.渭河盆地地裂缝群发机理及东、西部地裂缝分布不均衡构造成因研究[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(8):2 589-2 597(Zhang Qin,Qu Wei ,Peng Jianbing,et al.Research on Tectonic Causes of Numerous Ground Fissures Development Mechanism and Its Unbalance Distribution between Eastern and Western of Weihe Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(8):2 589-2 597)
[4] 胡斌,祝意青,江在森.关中地区垂直形变场及其动态演化特征[J].地震研究,2016,29(2):152-155(Hu Bin,Zhu Yiqing,Jiang Zaisen.Vertical Crust Deformation Field in the Guanzhong Area and Its Dynamic Evolution Characteristics[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2016,29(2):152-155)
[5] 张四新,张希.关中地区近期地壳垂直形变特征[J].地震,1997,17(4):404-410(Zhang Sixin,Zhang Xi.Vertical Deformation Features in Guanzhong Area in Recent Period[J].Earthquake,1997,17(4):404-410)
[6] 王庆良,崔笃信,王文萍.川西地区现今垂直地壳运动研究[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38(5):598-610(Wang Qingliang,Cui Duxin,Wang Wenping,et al.Study of Present-Day Crustal Vertical Motion in Western Sichuan[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2008,38(5):598-610)
[7] Hao M,Wang Q L,Cui D X,et al.Present-Day Crustal Vertical Motion around the Ordos Block Constrained by Precise Leveling and GPS Data[J].Surveys in Geophysics,2016,37(5):1-14
[8] 何红前.渭河盆地地裂缝成因机理研究[D].西安:长安大学,2011(He Hongqian.Study on the Formation Mechanism of Ground Fissures[D].Xi’an:Chang’an University,2011)
[9] Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Dain A Y L,et al.Propagating Extrusion Tectonics in Asia:New Insights from Simple Experiments with Plasticine[J].Geology,1982,10(10):611-616
[10] 赵静,牛安福,李强,等,陇西块体周边断层闭锁程度与滑动亏损特征研究[J].地震研究,2016,39(3):351-357(Zhao Jing,Niu Anfu,Li Qiang,et al.Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Fault Locking and Fault Slip Deficit in the Faults around the Longxi Block[J].Journal of Seismological Research,2016,39(3):351-357)
[11] 张永志,徐海军,王卫东,等.渭河盆地断裂活动速率的粒子群算法反演[J].西北地震学报,2011,33(4):322-325(Zhang Yongzhi,Xu Haijun,Wang Weidong,et al.Inversion on Slip Velocity of Main Faults in Weihe Basin by Partical Swarm Optimization Algorithm with GPS Data[J].Northwestern Seismological Journal,2011,33(4):322-325)
[12] 田勤虎,周本刚,段蕊,等.渭河断裂东段中更新世晚期以来活动速率[J].灾害学,2014,29(4) :76-81(Tian Qinhu,Zhou Bengang,Duan Rui,et al.Activity Rate of Late Middle Pleistocene of the East Section of the Weihe Fault [J].Journal of Catastrophology,2014,29(4) :76-81)
[13] Li D P,Du J J,Ma Y S,et al.Active Faults and Dip Slip Rates along the Northern Margins of the Huashan Mountain and Weinan Loess Tableland in the Southeastern Weihe Graben,Central China[J].Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,2015,114:266-278
[14] 杨源源,高战武,徐伟.华山山前断裂中段晚第四纪活动的地貌表现及响应[J].震灾防御技术,2012,7(4):335-347(Yang Yuanyuan,Gao Zhanwu,Xu Wei.Geomorphic Expression and Response of the Activity along the Middle Section of Huashan Front Fault in the Late Quaternary Period[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,2012,7(4) :335-347)
[15] 徐煌坚,申屠炳明,汪一鹏.渭河盆地北缘断裂带活动特征的初步研究[J].地震地质,1988,10(4):77-88(Xu Huangjian,Shentu Bingming,Wang Yipeng,et al.A Preliminary Study of the Characteristics of Activity of Northern Boundary Fault Belt of Weihe Basin[J].Seismology and Geology,1988,10(4):77-88)
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