扎龙湿地两型芦苇茎秆的纤维形态和化学成分特征
|
摘要
为了挖掘新的芦苇(Phragmites austrilis)造纸资源,于2016年6月8日,在扎龙湿地,采集两种表型的芦苇,比较了两型芦苇茎秆的纤维和化学成分的差异。研究结果表明,铁秆芦苇茎秆的纤维长度、长宽比和细胞腔直径分别为(1 048.90±82.75)μm、(79.25±4.64)和(5.86±0.55)μm,都显著大于普通芦苇[(914.96±59.27)μm、(69.27±2.69)和(4.23±0.54)μm];铁秆芦苇茎秆纤维素含量为(57.51±0.62)%,显著高于普通芦苇[(50.46±1.60)%];普通芦苇茎秆的冷水抽出物、热水抽出物、苯醇抽出物、酸不溶木素和1%NaOH抽出物含量[(14.80±0.61)%、(16.67±2.13)%、(7.81±0.76)%、(23.28±0.73)%和(14.56±1.56)%]都显著高于铁秆芦苇。铁秆芦苇茎秆纤维抽出物含量较少,纤维素含量较多,铁秆芦苇是优质的造纸原料,其性能优于普通芦苇。虽然铁秆芦苇适合做造纸原料,但是不允许将扎龙国家级自然保护区内的铁秆芦苇作为造纸原料,只能将铁秆芦苇引种到人工芦苇场种植,以发挥其经济作用。
In order to dig new Phragmites austrilis paper-making resources, we collected two phenotypes of Phragmites austrilis in Zhalong wetland on June 8, 2016, and compared the differences of fiber morphology and chemical composition of stems of the two types phenotypes. The results showed that the fiber length,aspect ratio and cell cavity diameter of Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis were(1 048.90±82.75) μm,(79.25±4.64)and(5.86±0.55) μm, which were significantly larger than those of the normal Phragmites austrilis [(914.96±59.27) μm,(69.27 ± 2.69) and(4.23 ± 0.54) μm]. The cellulose content of Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis was(57.51±0.62)%, which was significantly higher than that of normal Phragmites austrilis [(50.46±1.60)%]. The contents of cold water extract, hot water extract, phenyl alcohol extract, acid insoluble lignin and 1%NaOH extract of normal Phragmites austrilis were(14.80±0.61)%,(16.67±2.13)%,(7.81±0.76)%,(23.28±0.73)%and(14.56±1.56)%, which significantly larger than those of Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis. The content of fiber extract Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis was less and the content of cellulose was more. Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis was a high quality paper-making material, the performance was better than normal Phragmites austrilis. Although Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis is suitable for paper-making, Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis in Zhalong National Nature Reserve could not to be papermaking raw material. Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis could introducted to artificial Phragmites austrilis farm, to play its economic role.
In order to dig new Phragmites austrilis paper-making resources, we collected two phenotypes of Phragmites austrilis in Zhalong wetland on June 8, 2016, and compared the differences of fiber morphology and chemical composition of stems of the two types phenotypes. The results showed that the fiber length,aspect ratio and cell cavity diameter of Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis were(1 048.90±82.75) μm,(79.25±4.64)and(5.86±0.55) μm, which were significantly larger than those of the normal Phragmites austrilis [(914.96±59.27) μm,(69.27 ± 2.69) and(4.23 ± 0.54) μm]. The cellulose content of Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis was(57.51±0.62)%, which was significantly higher than that of normal Phragmites austrilis [(50.46±1.60)%]. The contents of cold water extract, hot water extract, phenyl alcohol extract, acid insoluble lignin and 1%NaOH extract of normal Phragmites austrilis were(14.80±0.61)%,(16.67±2.13)%,(7.81±0.76)%,(23.28±0.73)%and(14.56±1.56)%, which significantly larger than those of Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis. The content of fiber extract Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis was less and the content of cellulose was more. Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis was a high quality paper-making material, the performance was better than normal Phragmites austrilis. Although Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis is suitable for paper-making, Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis in Zhalong National Nature Reserve could not to be papermaking raw material. Tie-gan Phragmites austrilis could introducted to artificial Phragmites austrilis farm, to play its economic role.
引文
[1]王萌,王玉彬,陈章和.芦苇的种质资源及在人工湿地中的应用[J].应用与环境生物学报, 2010, 1166(4):590-595.
[2]张菊先,王志杰.芦苇浆纤维特性及造纸前景[J].纸和造纸,2006,(2):19-21.
[3]戚志伟,姜楠,高艳娜,等.崇明岛东滩湿地芦苇光合作用对土壤水盐因子的响应[J].湿地科学, 2016, 1144(4):538-545.
[4]许秀丽,张奇,李云良,等.鄱阳湖洲滩芦苇种群特征及其与淹水深度和地下水埋深的关系[J].湿地科学, 2014, 1122(6):714-722.
[5]邓春暖,章光新,潘响亮.干旱胁迫对莫莫格湿地芦苇叶片光合生理生态的影响机理研究[J].湿地科学, 2012, 1100(2):136-141.
[6]Liu Ying, Ding Zhi, Bachofen Christoph, et al. The effect of saline-alkaline and water stresses on water use efficiency and standing biomass of Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus planiculmis[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 664444:207-216.
[7]张玉峰,何彤慧,张娟红,等.中国湿生芦苇群落退化研究现状[J].湿地科学与管理, 2012, 88(1):47-50.
[8]褚润,陈年来,韩国君,等. UV-B辐射增强对芦苇生长及生理特性的影响[J].环境科学学报, 2018, 3388(5):2074-2081.
[9]石淑兰.制浆造纸分析与检测[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2003.
[10]张俊苗,伍安国,付永山.芦苇纤维形态及其特性的研究[J].纸和造纸, 2015,(6):55-58.
[11]侯萌萌,苏芳莉,孙权,等.在芦苇不同生长期灌溉造纸废水的成熟芦苇秆纤维形态[J].湿地科学, 2017, 1155(2):315-320.
[2]张菊先,王志杰.芦苇浆纤维特性及造纸前景[J].纸和造纸,2006,(2):19-21.
[3]戚志伟,姜楠,高艳娜,等.崇明岛东滩湿地芦苇光合作用对土壤水盐因子的响应[J].湿地科学, 2016, 1144(4):538-545.
[4]许秀丽,张奇,李云良,等.鄱阳湖洲滩芦苇种群特征及其与淹水深度和地下水埋深的关系[J].湿地科学, 2014, 1122(6):714-722.
[5]邓春暖,章光新,潘响亮.干旱胁迫对莫莫格湿地芦苇叶片光合生理生态的影响机理研究[J].湿地科学, 2012, 1100(2):136-141.
[6]Liu Ying, Ding Zhi, Bachofen Christoph, et al. The effect of saline-alkaline and water stresses on water use efficiency and standing biomass of Phragmites australis and Bolboschoenus planiculmis[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2018, 664444:207-216.
[7]张玉峰,何彤慧,张娟红,等.中国湿生芦苇群落退化研究现状[J].湿地科学与管理, 2012, 88(1):47-50.
[8]褚润,陈年来,韩国君,等. UV-B辐射增强对芦苇生长及生理特性的影响[J].环境科学学报, 2018, 3388(5):2074-2081.
[9]石淑兰.制浆造纸分析与检测[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2003.
[10]张俊苗,伍安国,付永山.芦苇纤维形态及其特性的研究[J].纸和造纸, 2015,(6):55-58.
[11]侯萌萌,苏芳莉,孙权,等.在芦苇不同生长期灌溉造纸废水的成熟芦苇秆纤维形态[J].湿地科学, 2017, 1155(2):315-320.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |