本科护生心理弹性在压力和主观幸福感间的中介作用
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摘要
目的了解在校本科护生心理弹性现状,探讨压力、心理弹性和主观幸福感三者之间的关系,尝试为提升本科护生幸福感水平提供新的干预视角。方法选取蚌埠医学院698名在校本科护生,采用一般资料调查表,大学生压力量表、主观幸福感量表和中文版Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表进行问卷调查。结果本科护生的心理弹性得分为61.78±11.78,处于中等水平;心理弹性得分与学生是否担任学生干部、学业水平及专业态度有关,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);压力与心理弹性、主观幸福感均存在显著负相关(r=-0.253～0.543,均P<0.01),心理弹性与主观幸福感存在显著正相关(r=0.453～0.543,均P<0.01);压力对本科护生幸福感的影响,部分通过心理弹性的中介效应起作用,中介效应占总效应的26.54%。结论心理弹性在压力影响主观幸福感中起部分中介作用,采取有针对性的教育活动来提升本科护生心理弹性水平,可增进幸福感体验,促进心理健康的发展。
[Objective]To understand the resilience status of undergraduate nursing students,explore the relationship between stress,resilience and subjective well-being,and try to provide a new perspective for improving the level of well-being of undergraduate nursing students.[Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted among 698 undergraduate nursing students at Bengbu Medical College using the general information questionnaire,the College Student Stress Scale,the Subjective Well-being Scale and the Chinese Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.[Results]The resilience score of undergraduate nursing students was61.78 ±11.78,which was at a medium level. There were statistically significant differences in resilience score among students whether or not to serve as student leader, having different academic level and professional attitude(all P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between stress and psychological resilience,subjective well-being(r=-0.253-0.543,both P<0.01).There was a significant positive correlation between psychological resilience and subjective well-being(r=0.453-0.543,both P<0.01).Resilience has some mediating effects between stress and subjective well-being in undergraduate nursing students,and mediation effect accounted for 26.54% of the total effect.[Conclusion]Resilience plays a part mediating role between stress and subjective well-being. Targeted educational activities can be used to enhance the level of psychological resilience in undergraduate nursing students,improve the experience of happiness and promote the development of positive mental health.
[Objective]To understand the resilience status of undergraduate nursing students,explore the relationship between stress,resilience and subjective well-being,and try to provide a new perspective for improving the level of well-being of undergraduate nursing students.[Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted among 698 undergraduate nursing students at Bengbu Medical College using the general information questionnaire,the College Student Stress Scale,the Subjective Well-being Scale and the Chinese Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.[Results]The resilience score of undergraduate nursing students was61.78 ±11.78,which was at a medium level. There were statistically significant differences in resilience score among students whether or not to serve as student leader, having different academic level and professional attitude(all P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between stress and psychological resilience,subjective well-being(r=-0.253-0.543,both P<0.01).There was a significant positive correlation between psychological resilience and subjective well-being(r=0.453-0.543,both P<0.01).Resilience has some mediating effects between stress and subjective well-being in undergraduate nursing students,and mediation effect accounted for 26.54% of the total effect.[Conclusion]Resilience plays a part mediating role between stress and subjective well-being. Targeted educational activities can be used to enhance the level of psychological resilience in undergraduate nursing students,improve the experience of happiness and promote the development of positive mental health.
引文
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[12]苏盼,李树雯,张静平.本科男护生心理弹性状况及其影响因素[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(8):1235-1239.
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[14]STEPHENS TM.Increasing Resilience in Adolescent Nursing Students[D].Knoxville The University of Tennessee,2017:1-2.
[15]谢家树,李杰,易嫦娥,等.初中生生活事件与生活满意度的关系:心理弹性的中介作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2014,22(4):676-679.
[16]崔丽霞,殷乐,雷雳.心理弹性与压力适应的关系:积极情绪中介效应的实验研究[J].心理发展与教育,2012,28(3):308-313.
[17]COHN MA,FREDRICKSON BL,BROWN SL,et al.Happiness unpacked:positive emotions increase life satisfaction by building resilience[J].Emotion,2009,9(3):361-368.
[18]刘伟伟,汪海彬,李梅,等心理弹性的国内外研究回顾及展望[J].宁波大学学报(教育科学版),2017,39(1):18-23.
[2]王艳茹.护理本科生实习前心理健康状况及影响因素分析[J].中国医学创新,2016,13(34):89-92.
[3]李婧梅.大学生心理健康的变化趋势及积极心理特质对心理健康的影响[D].南京:南京大学,2017:7-8.
[4]REIVICH KJ,SELIGMAN ME,MCBRIDE S.Master resilience training in the U.S.Army[J].Am Psychol,2011,66(1):25-34.
[5]SELIGMAN MEP,ERNST RM,GILLHAM J,et al.Positive education:positive psychology and classroom interventions[J].Oxford Review of Education,2009,35(3):293-311.
[6]李虹,梅锦荣.大学生压力量表的编制[J].应用心理学,2002,8(1):27-32.
[7]YU X,ZHANG J.Factor Analysis and Psychometric Evaluation of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(Cd-Risc)with Chinese People[J].Social Behavior and Personality,2007,35(1):19-30.
[8]DIENER E.Subjective well-being:The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index[J].Am Psychol,2000,55(1):34-43.
[9]严标宾.社会支持对大学生主观幸福感的影响研究[D].广州:华南师范大学,2003:17-18.
[10]CHOW KM,TANG WKF,CHAN WHC,et al.Resilience and well-being of university nursing students in Hong Kong:a cross-sectional study[J].BMC Med Educ,2018,18(1):13.
[11]邓力,杨苓,高乔,等.川北医学院护理本科生心理弹性现状调查[J].职业与健康,2017,33(9):1268-1272.
[12]苏盼,李树雯,张静平.本科男护生心理弹性状况及其影响因素[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2015,23(8):1235-1239.
[13]郝伟,赵凤娟,施旺红.大学生主观幸福感与生活满意度、压力和焦虑的关系[J].职业与健康,2015,31(20):2841-2844.
[14]STEPHENS TM.Increasing Resilience in Adolescent Nursing Students[D].Knoxville The University of Tennessee,2017:1-2.
[15]谢家树,李杰,易嫦娥,等.初中生生活事件与生活满意度的关系:心理弹性的中介作用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2014,22(4):676-679.
[16]崔丽霞,殷乐,雷雳.心理弹性与压力适应的关系:积极情绪中介效应的实验研究[J].心理发展与教育,2012,28(3):308-313.
[17]COHN MA,FREDRICKSON BL,BROWN SL,et al.Happiness unpacked:positive emotions increase life satisfaction by building resilience[J].Emotion,2009,9(3):361-368.
[18]刘伟伟,汪海彬,李梅,等心理弹性的国内外研究回顾及展望[J].宁波大学学报(教育科学版),2017,39(1):18-23.
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