西南岩溶地区碳循环观测与模拟研究进展和展望
|
摘要
岩溶地区碳循环具有地表与地下双层结构的相互渗透、有机与无机碳循环的相耦合以及生物与非生物过程的相关联等特征,相对于其他陆地生态系统更为特殊和复杂。中国西南地区是全球最大范围的喀斯特连续出露地区,前期研究结果表明该区域的碳循环路径与过程是基本清晰的,但岩石-土壤-植被-大气-水不同界面间的碳通量及迁移转化机制仍然不明确,亟待开展小流域尺度碳循环各个分量的精细观测,以及区域尺度的碳循环遥感估算和模型模拟工作。论文对西南岩溶地区碳循环观测与模拟研究的进展进行了梳理,在此基础上展望下一步需要重点开展的工作,该研究可以为评估全球气候变化对该地区影响及制定适应对策提供参考。
Carbon cycle in karst regions is characterized by a double-layer structure of surface and underground spaces, organic-inorganic coupling, and biological and abiotic process interactions. It is more unique and complex relative to other terrestrial ecosystems. Southwest China is the biggest region of continuous karst landform in the world. The paths and processes of carbon cycle in this region are basically clear based on former research results. However, the carbon flux and transformation mechanisms of the rock, soil, vegetation,atmosphere, and water interfaces are still unclear. It is urgent to perform precision observation of the different components on the scale of small watershed and remote sensing estimation and model simulation on the regional scale. The research progress on observations and simulations of the carbon cycle in Southwest China were summarized in details in this study, and future research emphases were proposed.
Carbon cycle in karst regions is characterized by a double-layer structure of surface and underground spaces, organic-inorganic coupling, and biological and abiotic process interactions. It is more unique and complex relative to other terrestrial ecosystems. Southwest China is the biggest region of continuous karst landform in the world. The paths and processes of carbon cycle in this region are basically clear based on former research results. However, the carbon flux and transformation mechanisms of the rock, soil, vegetation,atmosphere, and water interfaces are still unclear. It is urgent to perform precision observation of the different components on the scale of small watershed and remote sensing estimation and model simulation on the regional scale. The research progress on observations and simulations of the carbon cycle in Southwest China were summarized in details in this study, and future research emphases were proposed.
引文
董泰锋,蒙继华,吴炳方,等.2011.光合有效辐射(PAR)估算的研究进展[J].地理科学进展,30(9):1125-1134.[Dong T F,Meng J H,Wu B F,et al.2011.Overview on the estimation of photosynthetically active radiation.Progress in Geography,30(9):1125-1134.]
方精云,朱江玲,王少鹏,等.2011.全球变暖、碳排放及不确定性[J].中国科学(地球科学),41(10):1385-1395.[Fang J Y,Zhu J L,Wang S P,et al.2011.Global warming,hunman-induced carbon emmissions,and their uncertainties.Science China(Earth Sciences),41(10):1385-1395.]
李新,摆玉龙.2010.顺序数据同化的Bayes滤波框架[J].地球科学进展,25(5):515-522.[Li X,Bai Y L.2010.ABayesian filter framework for sequential data assimilation.Advances in Earth Science,25(5):515-522.]
刘再华.2001.一种特殊的碳酸盐沉积及其环境意义:“贵州乌江渡水电站灌浆帷幕老化问题的研究”中的发现[J].地学前缘,8(1):197-201.[Liu Z H.2001.A special kind of carbonate deposit and its environmental significancefindings from the study"on the aging of cement-grouting curtains at Wujiangdu hydropower station of Guizhou".Earth Science Frontiers,8(1):197-201.]
刘再华.2012.岩石风化碳汇研究的最新进展和展望[J].科学通报,57(2):95-102.[Liu Z H.2012.New progress and prospects in the study of rock-weathering-related carbon sinks.Chinese Science Bulletin,57(2):95-102.]
罗维均,王世杰,刘秀明.2014.喀斯特洞穴系统碳循环的烟囱效应研究现状及展望[J].地球科学进展,29(12):1333-1340.[Luo W J,Wang S J,Liu X M.2014.Research progresses and prospect of chimney effect about carbon cycle in the karst cave system.Advances in Earth Science,29(12):1333-1340.]
裴建国,章程,张强,等.2012.典型岩溶水系统碳汇通量估算[J].岩矿测试,31(5):884-888.[Pei J G,Zhang C,Zhang Q,et al.2012.Flux estimation of carbon sink in typical karst water systems.Rock and Mineral Analysis,31(5):884-888.]
蒲俊兵,蒋忠诚,袁道先,等.2015.岩石风化碳汇研究进展:基于IPCC第五次气候变化评估报告的分析[J].地球科学进展,30(10):1081-1090.[Pu J B,Jiang Z C,Yuan D X,et al.2015.Some opinions on rock-weathering-related carbon sinks from the IPCC fifth assessment report.Advances in Earth Science,30(10):1081-1090.]
任扬航,马明国,张霞,等.2016.典型喀斯特石漠化地区植被动态监测与土地利用变化的影响分析[J].中国岩溶,35(5):550-556.[Ren Y H,Ma M G,Zhang X,et al.2016.Dynamic monitoring of vegetation and the impact of land use/cover change in the topical karst rocky desertification areas.Carsologica Sinica,35(5):550-556.]
王世杰,刘再华,倪健,等.2017.中国南方喀斯特地区碳循环研究进展[J].地球与环境,45(1):2-9.[Wang S J,Liu Z H,Ni J,et al.2017.A review of research progress and future prospective of carbon cycle in karst area of South China.Earth and Environment,45(1):2-9.]
谢馨瑶,李爱农,靳华安.2018.大尺度森林碳循环过程模拟模型综述[J].生态学报,38(1):41-54.[Xie X Y,Li A N,Jin H A.2018.The simulation models of the forest carbon cycle on a large scale:A review.Acta Ecologica Sinica,38(1):41-54.]
于东升,史学正,孙维侠,等.2005.基于1:100万土壤数据库的中国土壤有机碳密度及储量研究[J].应用生态学报,16(12):2279-2283.[Yu D S,Shi X Z,Sun W X,et al.2005.Estimation of China soil organic carbon storage and density based on 1:1000000 soil database.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,16(12):2279-2283.]
袁道先.1999.“岩溶作用与碳循环”研究进展[J].地球科学进展,14(5):425-432.[Yuan D X.1999.Progress in the study on karst processes and carbon cycle.Advance in Earth Sciences,14(5):425-432.]
袁道先,蒋勇军,沈立成,等.2016.现代岩溶学[M].北京:科学出版社.[Yuan D X,Jiang Y J,Shen L C,et al.2016.Modern Karstology.Beijing,China:Science Press.]
赵茂盛,Neilson R P,延晓冬,等.2002.气候变化对中国植被可能影响的模拟[J].地理学报,57(1):28-38.[Zhao M S,Neilson R P,Yan X D,et al.2002.Modelling the vegetation of China under changing climate.Acta Geographica Sinica,57(1):28-38.]
Bourges F,Genthon P,Genty D,et al.2012.Comment on"Carbon uptake by karsts in the Houzhai basin,southwest China"by Junhua Yan et al.[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,117,G03006.doi:10.1029/2012JG001937.
Braswell B H,Sacks W J,Linder E,et al.2005.Estimating diurnal to annual ecosystem parameters by synthesis of a carbon flux model with eddy covariance net ecosystem exchange observations[J].Global Change Biology,11:335-355.
Cao J H,Yuan D X,Groves C,et al.2012.Carbon fluxes and sinks:The consumption of atmospheric and soil CO2by carbonate rock dissolution[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),86(4):963-972.
Chen W,Chen J,Cihlar J.2000.An integrated terrestrial ecosystem carbon-budget model based on changes in disturbance,climate,and atmospheric chemistry[J].Ecological Modelling,135(1):55-79.
Christopher J K,Carol C B,Mustapha E M,et al.2006.A multiyear evaluation of a dynamic global vegetation model at three AmeriFlux forest sites:Vegetation structure,phenology,soil temperature,and CO2and H2O vapor exchange[J].Ecological Modelling,196(1-2):1-31.
Du WY,Liu Q,Jiang Y,et al.2014.Response of carbon sink dynamic behaviors to river flood in karst area:A case study in the Li River of Guilin[J].Advanced Research on Material Engineering,Chemistry,Bioinformatics III,830:353-362.
Ferlan M,Alberti G,Eler K,et al.2011.Comparing carbon fluxes between different stages of secondary succession of a karst grassland[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,140(1-2):199-207.
Florea L J.2013.Isotopes of carbon in a karst aquifer of the cumberland plateau of Kentucky,USA[J].Acta Carsologica,42(2-3):277-289.
Frolking S E,Bubier J L,Moore T R,et al.1998.Relationship between ecosystem productivity and photosynthetically active radiation for northern peatlands[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,12(1):115-126.
Gamon J A,Huemmrich K F,Peddle D R,et al.2004.Remote sensing in BOREAS:Lessons learned[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,89(1):139-162.
Goulden M L,Munger J W,Fan S M,et al.1996.Measurements of carbon sequestration by long-term eddy covariance:Methods and a critical evaluation of the accuracy[J].Global Change Biology,2(3):169-182.
Hagedorn B,Cartwright I.2009.Climatic and lithologic controls on the temporal and spatial variability of CO2consumption via chemical weathering:An example from the Australian Victorian[J].Chemical Geology,260:234-253.
Hanan N P,Berry J A,Verma S B,et al.2005.Testing a model of CO2,water and energy exchange in Great Plains tallgrass prairie and wheat ecosystems[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,131(3-4):162-179.
He M Z,Zhou Y L,Liu G H,et al.2010.Validation of MO-DIS gross primary productivity for a subtropical coniferous plantation in southern China[C].18th International Conference on Geoinformatics.Beijing,China:1689-1693.
Hilker T,Coops N C,Wulder M A,et al.2008.The use of remote sensing in light use efficiency based models of gross primary production:A review of current status and future requirements[J].Science of the Total Environment,404(2):411-423.
Hui D,Luo Y,Katul G.2003.Partitioning interannual variability in net ecosystem exchange between climatic variability and functional change[J].Tree Physiology,23:433-442.
Inglima I,Alberti G,Bertolini T,et al.2010.Precipitation pulses enhance respiration of,Mediterranean ecosystems:The balance between organic and inorganic components of increased soil CO2efflux[J].Global Change Biology,15(5):1289-1301.
Ji J.1995.A Climate-vegetation interaction model:Simulating physical and biological processes at the surface[J].Journal of Biogeography,22(2/3):445-451.
Jiang Z C,Yuan D X.1999.CO2source-sink in karst processes in karst areas of China[J].Episodes,22(1):33-35.
Ju W M,Chen J M,Harvey D,et al.2007.Future carbon balance of China forests under climate change and increasing CO2[J].Journal of Environmental Management,85(3):538-562.
Kucharik C J,Foley J A,Delire C,et al.2000.Testing the performance of a dynamic global ecosystem model:Water Balance,carbon balance and vegetation structure[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,14(3):795-825.
Li A N,Bian J H,Lei G B,et al.2012.Estimating the maximal light use efficiency for different vegetation through the CASA model combined with time-series remote sensing data and ground measurements[J].Remote Sensing,4(12):3857-3876.
Li X.2014.Characterization,controlling,and reduction of uncertainties in the modeling and observation of land-surface systems[J].Science China Earth Sciences,57(1):80-87.
Liu Z H,Dreybrodt W.2015.Significance of the carbon sink produced by H2O-carbonate-CO2-aquatic phototroph interaction on land[J].Science Bulletin,60(2):182-191.
Liu Z H,Dreybrodt W,Wang H J.2010.A new direction in effective accounting for the atmospheric CO2budget:considering the combined action of carbonate dissolution,the global water cycle and photosynthetic uptake of DIC by aquatic organisms[J].Earth-Science Reviews,99(3):162-172.
Liu Z H,Groves C,Yuan D X,et al.2004.South China karst aquifer storm-scale hydrogeochemistry[J].Ground Water,42(4):491-499
Liu Z H,Li Q,Sun H,et al.2006.Diurnal variations of hydrochemistry in a travertine-depositing stream at Baishuitai,Yunnan,SW China[J].Aquatic Geochemistry,12(2):103-121.
Marcolla B,Cescatti A,Manca G,et al.2011.Climatic controls and ecosystem responses drive the inter-annual variability of the net ecosystem exchange of an alpine meadow[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,151(9):1233-1243.
Mcculley R L,Burke I,Nelson J,et al.2005.Regional patterns in carbon cycling across the great plains of North America[J].Ecosystems,8(1):106-121.
Medvigy D,Wofsy S C,Munger J W,et al.2009.Mechanistic scaling of ecosystem function and dynamics in space and time:Ecosystem demography model version 2[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,114:G01002.doi:10.1029/2008JG000812.
Melnikov N B,O'Neill B C.2006.Learning about the carbon cycle from global budget data[J].Geophysical Research Letters,33,L02705.doi:10.1029/2005gl023935.
Molina J A E,Crocker G J,Grace P R,et al.1997.Simulating trends in soil organic carbon in long-term experiments using the NCSOIL and NCSWAP models[J].Geofisica Internacional,81(S1-S2):91-107.
Neilson R P,Marks D.2010.A global perspective of regional vegetation and hydrologic sensitivities from climatic change[J].Journal of Vegetation Science,5(5):715-730.
Parton W J,Scurlock J M O,Ojima D S,et al.1993.Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide[J].Global Biogeochem Cycles,7(4):485-809.
Peng C H.2000.From static biogeographical model to dynamic global vegetation model:A global perspective on modeling vegetation dynamics[J].Ecological Modelling,135:33-54.
Philippe G.2002.Role of karstic dissolution in global carbon cycle[J].Global and Planetary Change,33(1):177-184.
Piao S,Fang J,Ciais P,et al.2009.The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in China[J].Nature,458:1009-1013.
Potter C S,Randerson J T,Field C B,et al.1993.Terrestrial ecosystem production:A process model based on global satellite and surface data[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,7(4):811-841.
Ramnarine R,Wagnerriddle C,Dunfield K E,et al.2012.Contributions of carbonates to soil CO2emissions[J].Canadian Journal of Soil Science,92:599-608.
Richardson A D,Hollinger D Y,Aber J D,et al.2007.Environmental variation is directly responsible for short but not longterm variation in forest atmosphere carbon exchange[J].Global Change Biology,13(4):788-803.
Running S W,Hunt E R J.1993.Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other biomes,BIOME-BGC,and an application for global-scale models[M]//Ehleringer JR,Field C B.Scaling physiological processes:Leaf to globe.San Diego,USA:Academic Press:141-158.
Running S W,Thornton P E,Nemani R,et al.2000.Global terrestrial gross and net primary productivity from the earth observing system[M]//Sala O E,Jackson R B,Mooney HA.Methods in ecosystem science.New York,USA:Springer-Verlag:44-57.
Sellers P J.1985.Canopy reflectance,photosynthesis and transpiration[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,6(8):1335-1372.
Sherwin C M,Baldini J U L.2011.Cave air and hydrological controls on prior calcite precipitation and stalagmite growth rates:Implications for palaeoclimate reconstructions using speleothems[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,75(14):3915-3929.
Sitch S,Smith B,Prentice I C,et al.2003.Evaluation of ecosystem dynamic,plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model[J].Global Change Biology,9:161-185.
Smith B,Prentice I C,Sykes M T.2001.Representation of vegetation dynamics in the modelling of terrestrial ecosystems:Comparing two contrasting approaches within European climate space[J].Global Ecology&Biogeography,10(6):621-637.
Stéphanie Schmid,Zierl B,Bugmann H.2006.Analyzing the carbon dynamics of central European forests:Comparison of Biome-BGC simulations with measurements[J].Regional Environmental Change,6(4):167-180.
Tarnocai C,Canadell J G,Schuur E A G,et al.2009.Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,23:GB2023.doi:10.1029/2008GB003327.
Thornton P E,Law B E,Gholz H L,et al.2002.Modeling and measuring the effects of disturbance history and climate on carbon and water budgets in evergreen needleleaf forests[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,113:185-222.
Tong X,Brandt M,Yue Y,et al.2018.Increased vegetation growth and carbon stock in China karst via ecological engineering[J].Nature Sustainability,1:44-50.
Van Laake P E,Sanchez-Azofeifa G A.2005.Mapping PARusing MODIS atmosphere products[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,94(4):554-563.
Wang P,Xie D,Zhou Y,et al.2014.Estimation of net primary productivity using a process-based model in Gansu Province,Northwest China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,71(2):647-658.
Wang X F,Ma M G,Li X,et al.2013.Validation of MODISGPP product at ten flux sites in northern China[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,34(2):587-599.
Wang Y,Trudinger C M,Enting I G.2009.A review of applications of model-data fusion to studies of terrestrial carbon fluxes at different scales[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,149:829-1842.
Wu W X,Wang S Q,Xiao X M.2008.Modeling gross primary production of a temperate grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia,China,using MODIS imagery and climate data[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,51(10):1501-1512.
Xiao J F,Ollinger S V,Frolking S,et al.2014.Data-driven diagnostics of terrestrial carbon dynamics over North America[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,197:142-157.
Xu T,White L,Hui D,et al.2006.Probabilistic inversion of a terrestrial ecosystem model:Analysis of uncertainty in parameter estimation and model prediction[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,20,GB2007.doi:10.1029/2005gb002468.
Xu X F,Tian H Q,Zhang C,et al.2010.Attribution of spatial and temporal variations in terrestrial methane flux over North America[J].Biogeosciences,7(4):3637-3655.
Yamanaka M.2012.Contributions of C3/C4 organic materials and carbonate rock to dissolved inorganic carbon in a karst groundwater system on Miyakojima Island,southwestern Japan[J].Journal of Hydrology,412:151-169.
Yan J H,Wang Y P,Zhou G Y,et al.2011.Carbon uptake by karsts in the Houzhai Basin,Southwest China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeosciences,116(G04012):1-10.doi:10.1029/2011JG001686.
Yan J H,Wang Y P,Zhou G Y,et al.2012.Reply to comment by francois bourges et al.on"carbon uptake by karsts in the Houzhai Basin,Southwest China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeosciences,117(G03007):102.doi:10.1029/2012JG002060.
Yang H,Ma M G,Flower RJ,et al.2017.Preserve Precambrian fossil heritage from mining[J].Nature Ecology&Evolution,1(8):1048-1049.
Yang R,Liu Z H,Zeng C,et al.2012.Response of epikarst hydrochemical changes to soil CO2and weather conditions at Chenqi,Puding,SW China[J].Journal of Hydrology,468:151-158.
Yuan D X.1997.The carbon cycle in karst[J].Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie NF(Annual of Geomorphology),108(S1):91-102.
Yuan D X,Zhang C.2002.Karst processes and the carbon cycle:Final report of IGCP379[M].Beijing,China:Geological Publishing House.
Yuan Q Z,Wang S D,Dai E F,et al.2014.Modeling net primary productivity of the terrestrial ecosystem in China from 1961 to 2005[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,24(1):3-17.
Zhang C.2011.Carbonate rock dissolution rates in different landuses and their carbon sink effect[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,56:3759-3765.
Zhang C,Yuan D,Cao J.2005.Analysis on the environmental sensitivities of typical dynamic epikarst system at the Nongla monitoring site,Guangxi,China[J].Environmental Geology,47:615-619.
Zhang L,Sun R,Qiao C,et al.2014.Variation of CO2flux and its response to environmental factors in a maize agroecosystem in Zhangye irrigation area[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,33(7):1722-1728.
Zhang Y Q,Yu Q,Jiang J,et al.2008.Calibration of Terra/MODIS gross primary production over an irrigated cropland on the North China Plain and an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau[J].Global Change Biology,14:757-767.
Zhao M,Zeng C,Liu Z,et al.2010.Effect of different land use/land cover on karst hydrogeochemistry:A paired catchment study of Chenqi and Dengzhanhe,Puding,Guizhou,SW China[J].Journal of Hydrology,388:121-130.
方精云,朱江玲,王少鹏,等.2011.全球变暖、碳排放及不确定性[J].中国科学(地球科学),41(10):1385-1395.[Fang J Y,Zhu J L,Wang S P,et al.2011.Global warming,hunman-induced carbon emmissions,and their uncertainties.Science China(Earth Sciences),41(10):1385-1395.]
李新,摆玉龙.2010.顺序数据同化的Bayes滤波框架[J].地球科学进展,25(5):515-522.[Li X,Bai Y L.2010.ABayesian filter framework for sequential data assimilation.Advances in Earth Science,25(5):515-522.]
刘再华.2001.一种特殊的碳酸盐沉积及其环境意义:“贵州乌江渡水电站灌浆帷幕老化问题的研究”中的发现[J].地学前缘,8(1):197-201.[Liu Z H.2001.A special kind of carbonate deposit and its environmental significancefindings from the study"on the aging of cement-grouting curtains at Wujiangdu hydropower station of Guizhou".Earth Science Frontiers,8(1):197-201.]
刘再华.2012.岩石风化碳汇研究的最新进展和展望[J].科学通报,57(2):95-102.[Liu Z H.2012.New progress and prospects in the study of rock-weathering-related carbon sinks.Chinese Science Bulletin,57(2):95-102.]
罗维均,王世杰,刘秀明.2014.喀斯特洞穴系统碳循环的烟囱效应研究现状及展望[J].地球科学进展,29(12):1333-1340.[Luo W J,Wang S J,Liu X M.2014.Research progresses and prospect of chimney effect about carbon cycle in the karst cave system.Advances in Earth Science,29(12):1333-1340.]
裴建国,章程,张强,等.2012.典型岩溶水系统碳汇通量估算[J].岩矿测试,31(5):884-888.[Pei J G,Zhang C,Zhang Q,et al.2012.Flux estimation of carbon sink in typical karst water systems.Rock and Mineral Analysis,31(5):884-888.]
蒲俊兵,蒋忠诚,袁道先,等.2015.岩石风化碳汇研究进展:基于IPCC第五次气候变化评估报告的分析[J].地球科学进展,30(10):1081-1090.[Pu J B,Jiang Z C,Yuan D X,et al.2015.Some opinions on rock-weathering-related carbon sinks from the IPCC fifth assessment report.Advances in Earth Science,30(10):1081-1090.]
任扬航,马明国,张霞,等.2016.典型喀斯特石漠化地区植被动态监测与土地利用变化的影响分析[J].中国岩溶,35(5):550-556.[Ren Y H,Ma M G,Zhang X,et al.2016.Dynamic monitoring of vegetation and the impact of land use/cover change in the topical karst rocky desertification areas.Carsologica Sinica,35(5):550-556.]
王世杰,刘再华,倪健,等.2017.中国南方喀斯特地区碳循环研究进展[J].地球与环境,45(1):2-9.[Wang S J,Liu Z H,Ni J,et al.2017.A review of research progress and future prospective of carbon cycle in karst area of South China.Earth and Environment,45(1):2-9.]
谢馨瑶,李爱农,靳华安.2018.大尺度森林碳循环过程模拟模型综述[J].生态学报,38(1):41-54.[Xie X Y,Li A N,Jin H A.2018.The simulation models of the forest carbon cycle on a large scale:A review.Acta Ecologica Sinica,38(1):41-54.]
于东升,史学正,孙维侠,等.2005.基于1:100万土壤数据库的中国土壤有机碳密度及储量研究[J].应用生态学报,16(12):2279-2283.[Yu D S,Shi X Z,Sun W X,et al.2005.Estimation of China soil organic carbon storage and density based on 1:1000000 soil database.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,16(12):2279-2283.]
袁道先.1999.“岩溶作用与碳循环”研究进展[J].地球科学进展,14(5):425-432.[Yuan D X.1999.Progress in the study on karst processes and carbon cycle.Advance in Earth Sciences,14(5):425-432.]
袁道先,蒋勇军,沈立成,等.2016.现代岩溶学[M].北京:科学出版社.[Yuan D X,Jiang Y J,Shen L C,et al.2016.Modern Karstology.Beijing,China:Science Press.]
赵茂盛,Neilson R P,延晓冬,等.2002.气候变化对中国植被可能影响的模拟[J].地理学报,57(1):28-38.[Zhao M S,Neilson R P,Yan X D,et al.2002.Modelling the vegetation of China under changing climate.Acta Geographica Sinica,57(1):28-38.]
Bourges F,Genthon P,Genty D,et al.2012.Comment on"Carbon uptake by karsts in the Houzhai basin,southwest China"by Junhua Yan et al.[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,117,G03006.doi:10.1029/2012JG001937.
Braswell B H,Sacks W J,Linder E,et al.2005.Estimating diurnal to annual ecosystem parameters by synthesis of a carbon flux model with eddy covariance net ecosystem exchange observations[J].Global Change Biology,11:335-355.
Cao J H,Yuan D X,Groves C,et al.2012.Carbon fluxes and sinks:The consumption of atmospheric and soil CO2by carbonate rock dissolution[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),86(4):963-972.
Chen W,Chen J,Cihlar J.2000.An integrated terrestrial ecosystem carbon-budget model based on changes in disturbance,climate,and atmospheric chemistry[J].Ecological Modelling,135(1):55-79.
Christopher J K,Carol C B,Mustapha E M,et al.2006.A multiyear evaluation of a dynamic global vegetation model at three AmeriFlux forest sites:Vegetation structure,phenology,soil temperature,and CO2and H2O vapor exchange[J].Ecological Modelling,196(1-2):1-31.
Du WY,Liu Q,Jiang Y,et al.2014.Response of carbon sink dynamic behaviors to river flood in karst area:A case study in the Li River of Guilin[J].Advanced Research on Material Engineering,Chemistry,Bioinformatics III,830:353-362.
Ferlan M,Alberti G,Eler K,et al.2011.Comparing carbon fluxes between different stages of secondary succession of a karst grassland[J].Agriculture Ecosystems&Environment,140(1-2):199-207.
Florea L J.2013.Isotopes of carbon in a karst aquifer of the cumberland plateau of Kentucky,USA[J].Acta Carsologica,42(2-3):277-289.
Frolking S E,Bubier J L,Moore T R,et al.1998.Relationship between ecosystem productivity and photosynthetically active radiation for northern peatlands[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,12(1):115-126.
Gamon J A,Huemmrich K F,Peddle D R,et al.2004.Remote sensing in BOREAS:Lessons learned[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,89(1):139-162.
Goulden M L,Munger J W,Fan S M,et al.1996.Measurements of carbon sequestration by long-term eddy covariance:Methods and a critical evaluation of the accuracy[J].Global Change Biology,2(3):169-182.
Hagedorn B,Cartwright I.2009.Climatic and lithologic controls on the temporal and spatial variability of CO2consumption via chemical weathering:An example from the Australian Victorian[J].Chemical Geology,260:234-253.
Hanan N P,Berry J A,Verma S B,et al.2005.Testing a model of CO2,water and energy exchange in Great Plains tallgrass prairie and wheat ecosystems[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,131(3-4):162-179.
He M Z,Zhou Y L,Liu G H,et al.2010.Validation of MO-DIS gross primary productivity for a subtropical coniferous plantation in southern China[C].18th International Conference on Geoinformatics.Beijing,China:1689-1693.
Hilker T,Coops N C,Wulder M A,et al.2008.The use of remote sensing in light use efficiency based models of gross primary production:A review of current status and future requirements[J].Science of the Total Environment,404(2):411-423.
Hui D,Luo Y,Katul G.2003.Partitioning interannual variability in net ecosystem exchange between climatic variability and functional change[J].Tree Physiology,23:433-442.
Inglima I,Alberti G,Bertolini T,et al.2010.Precipitation pulses enhance respiration of,Mediterranean ecosystems:The balance between organic and inorganic components of increased soil CO2efflux[J].Global Change Biology,15(5):1289-1301.
Ji J.1995.A Climate-vegetation interaction model:Simulating physical and biological processes at the surface[J].Journal of Biogeography,22(2/3):445-451.
Jiang Z C,Yuan D X.1999.CO2source-sink in karst processes in karst areas of China[J].Episodes,22(1):33-35.
Ju W M,Chen J M,Harvey D,et al.2007.Future carbon balance of China forests under climate change and increasing CO2[J].Journal of Environmental Management,85(3):538-562.
Kucharik C J,Foley J A,Delire C,et al.2000.Testing the performance of a dynamic global ecosystem model:Water Balance,carbon balance and vegetation structure[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,14(3):795-825.
Li A N,Bian J H,Lei G B,et al.2012.Estimating the maximal light use efficiency for different vegetation through the CASA model combined with time-series remote sensing data and ground measurements[J].Remote Sensing,4(12):3857-3876.
Li X.2014.Characterization,controlling,and reduction of uncertainties in the modeling and observation of land-surface systems[J].Science China Earth Sciences,57(1):80-87.
Liu Z H,Dreybrodt W.2015.Significance of the carbon sink produced by H2O-carbonate-CO2-aquatic phototroph interaction on land[J].Science Bulletin,60(2):182-191.
Liu Z H,Dreybrodt W,Wang H J.2010.A new direction in effective accounting for the atmospheric CO2budget:considering the combined action of carbonate dissolution,the global water cycle and photosynthetic uptake of DIC by aquatic organisms[J].Earth-Science Reviews,99(3):162-172.
Liu Z H,Groves C,Yuan D X,et al.2004.South China karst aquifer storm-scale hydrogeochemistry[J].Ground Water,42(4):491-499
Liu Z H,Li Q,Sun H,et al.2006.Diurnal variations of hydrochemistry in a travertine-depositing stream at Baishuitai,Yunnan,SW China[J].Aquatic Geochemistry,12(2):103-121.
Marcolla B,Cescatti A,Manca G,et al.2011.Climatic controls and ecosystem responses drive the inter-annual variability of the net ecosystem exchange of an alpine meadow[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,151(9):1233-1243.
Mcculley R L,Burke I,Nelson J,et al.2005.Regional patterns in carbon cycling across the great plains of North America[J].Ecosystems,8(1):106-121.
Medvigy D,Wofsy S C,Munger J W,et al.2009.Mechanistic scaling of ecosystem function and dynamics in space and time:Ecosystem demography model version 2[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,114:G01002.doi:10.1029/2008JG000812.
Melnikov N B,O'Neill B C.2006.Learning about the carbon cycle from global budget data[J].Geophysical Research Letters,33,L02705.doi:10.1029/2005gl023935.
Molina J A E,Crocker G J,Grace P R,et al.1997.Simulating trends in soil organic carbon in long-term experiments using the NCSOIL and NCSWAP models[J].Geofisica Internacional,81(S1-S2):91-107.
Neilson R P,Marks D.2010.A global perspective of regional vegetation and hydrologic sensitivities from climatic change[J].Journal of Vegetation Science,5(5):715-730.
Parton W J,Scurlock J M O,Ojima D S,et al.1993.Observations and modeling of biomass and soil organic matter dynamics for the grassland biome worldwide[J].Global Biogeochem Cycles,7(4):485-809.
Peng C H.2000.From static biogeographical model to dynamic global vegetation model:A global perspective on modeling vegetation dynamics[J].Ecological Modelling,135:33-54.
Philippe G.2002.Role of karstic dissolution in global carbon cycle[J].Global and Planetary Change,33(1):177-184.
Piao S,Fang J,Ciais P,et al.2009.The carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in China[J].Nature,458:1009-1013.
Potter C S,Randerson J T,Field C B,et al.1993.Terrestrial ecosystem production:A process model based on global satellite and surface data[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,7(4):811-841.
Ramnarine R,Wagnerriddle C,Dunfield K E,et al.2012.Contributions of carbonates to soil CO2emissions[J].Canadian Journal of Soil Science,92:599-608.
Richardson A D,Hollinger D Y,Aber J D,et al.2007.Environmental variation is directly responsible for short but not longterm variation in forest atmosphere carbon exchange[J].Global Change Biology,13(4):788-803.
Running S W,Hunt E R J.1993.Generalization of a forest ecosystem process model for other biomes,BIOME-BGC,and an application for global-scale models[M]//Ehleringer JR,Field C B.Scaling physiological processes:Leaf to globe.San Diego,USA:Academic Press:141-158.
Running S W,Thornton P E,Nemani R,et al.2000.Global terrestrial gross and net primary productivity from the earth observing system[M]//Sala O E,Jackson R B,Mooney HA.Methods in ecosystem science.New York,USA:Springer-Verlag:44-57.
Sellers P J.1985.Canopy reflectance,photosynthesis and transpiration[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,6(8):1335-1372.
Sherwin C M,Baldini J U L.2011.Cave air and hydrological controls on prior calcite precipitation and stalagmite growth rates:Implications for palaeoclimate reconstructions using speleothems[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,75(14):3915-3929.
Sitch S,Smith B,Prentice I C,et al.2003.Evaluation of ecosystem dynamic,plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model[J].Global Change Biology,9:161-185.
Smith B,Prentice I C,Sykes M T.2001.Representation of vegetation dynamics in the modelling of terrestrial ecosystems:Comparing two contrasting approaches within European climate space[J].Global Ecology&Biogeography,10(6):621-637.
Stéphanie Schmid,Zierl B,Bugmann H.2006.Analyzing the carbon dynamics of central European forests:Comparison of Biome-BGC simulations with measurements[J].Regional Environmental Change,6(4):167-180.
Tarnocai C,Canadell J G,Schuur E A G,et al.2009.Soil organic carbon pools in the northern circumpolar permafrost region[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,23:GB2023.doi:10.1029/2008GB003327.
Thornton P E,Law B E,Gholz H L,et al.2002.Modeling and measuring the effects of disturbance history and climate on carbon and water budgets in evergreen needleleaf forests[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,113:185-222.
Tong X,Brandt M,Yue Y,et al.2018.Increased vegetation growth and carbon stock in China karst via ecological engineering[J].Nature Sustainability,1:44-50.
Van Laake P E,Sanchez-Azofeifa G A.2005.Mapping PARusing MODIS atmosphere products[J].Remote Sensing of Environment,94(4):554-563.
Wang P,Xie D,Zhou Y,et al.2014.Estimation of net primary productivity using a process-based model in Gansu Province,Northwest China[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,71(2):647-658.
Wang X F,Ma M G,Li X,et al.2013.Validation of MODISGPP product at ten flux sites in northern China[J].International Journal of Remote Sensing,34(2):587-599.
Wang Y,Trudinger C M,Enting I G.2009.A review of applications of model-data fusion to studies of terrestrial carbon fluxes at different scales[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,149:829-1842.
Wu W X,Wang S Q,Xiao X M.2008.Modeling gross primary production of a temperate grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia,China,using MODIS imagery and climate data[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,51(10):1501-1512.
Xiao J F,Ollinger S V,Frolking S,et al.2014.Data-driven diagnostics of terrestrial carbon dynamics over North America[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,197:142-157.
Xu T,White L,Hui D,et al.2006.Probabilistic inversion of a terrestrial ecosystem model:Analysis of uncertainty in parameter estimation and model prediction[J].Global Biogeochemical Cycles,20,GB2007.doi:10.1029/2005gb002468.
Xu X F,Tian H Q,Zhang C,et al.2010.Attribution of spatial and temporal variations in terrestrial methane flux over North America[J].Biogeosciences,7(4):3637-3655.
Yamanaka M.2012.Contributions of C3/C4 organic materials and carbonate rock to dissolved inorganic carbon in a karst groundwater system on Miyakojima Island,southwestern Japan[J].Journal of Hydrology,412:151-169.
Yan J H,Wang Y P,Zhou G Y,et al.2011.Carbon uptake by karsts in the Houzhai Basin,Southwest China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeosciences,116(G04012):1-10.doi:10.1029/2011JG001686.
Yan J H,Wang Y P,Zhou G Y,et al.2012.Reply to comment by francois bourges et al.on"carbon uptake by karsts in the Houzhai Basin,Southwest China[J].Journal of Geophysical Research:Biogeosciences,117(G03007):102.doi:10.1029/2012JG002060.
Yang H,Ma M G,Flower RJ,et al.2017.Preserve Precambrian fossil heritage from mining[J].Nature Ecology&Evolution,1(8):1048-1049.
Yang R,Liu Z H,Zeng C,et al.2012.Response of epikarst hydrochemical changes to soil CO2and weather conditions at Chenqi,Puding,SW China[J].Journal of Hydrology,468:151-158.
Yuan D X.1997.The carbon cycle in karst[J].Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie NF(Annual of Geomorphology),108(S1):91-102.
Yuan D X,Zhang C.2002.Karst processes and the carbon cycle:Final report of IGCP379[M].Beijing,China:Geological Publishing House.
Yuan Q Z,Wang S D,Dai E F,et al.2014.Modeling net primary productivity of the terrestrial ecosystem in China from 1961 to 2005[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,24(1):3-17.
Zhang C.2011.Carbonate rock dissolution rates in different landuses and their carbon sink effect[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,56:3759-3765.
Zhang C,Yuan D,Cao J.2005.Analysis on the environmental sensitivities of typical dynamic epikarst system at the Nongla monitoring site,Guangxi,China[J].Environmental Geology,47:615-619.
Zhang L,Sun R,Qiao C,et al.2014.Variation of CO2flux and its response to environmental factors in a maize agroecosystem in Zhangye irrigation area[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,33(7):1722-1728.
Zhang Y Q,Yu Q,Jiang J,et al.2008.Calibration of Terra/MODIS gross primary production over an irrigated cropland on the North China Plain and an alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau[J].Global Change Biology,14:757-767.
Zhao M,Zeng C,Liu Z,et al.2010.Effect of different land use/land cover on karst hydrogeochemistry:A paired catchment study of Chenqi and Dengzhanhe,Puding,Guizhou,SW China[J].Journal of Hydrology,388:121-130.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |