污水处理厂污水和污泥中微塑料的研究展望
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摘要
微塑料被发现广泛存在于各类生态系统,研究表明,其可能对人类健康及其他生物产生潜在危害。污水中含有大量微塑料,尽管经污水处理厂处理后,含量显著减少,但仍被认为是自然水体中微塑料的主要来源之一。与此同时,污水中绝大部分微塑料会截留或转移到污泥中,在污泥土地利用过程中进入土壤生态系统,从而对后者产生潜在影响。此外,污水污泥处理过程中,微塑料的表面理化特性也会发生显著变化,从而影响其与重金属、有机污染物、致病菌的相互作用,进而增强污泥微塑料的生态风险。文中主要从以下几方面对污水处理厂污水和污泥微塑料相关研究进展进行综述:首先,从微塑料的组成、含量、来源、潜在危害,及其与人类活动的关系等方面进行概述;然后,分别综述污水处理厂污水和污泥中微塑料含量及去向研究进展;最后,提出需加强我国污水处理厂微塑料的研究、建立污水和污泥微塑料标准化分析方法、强化微塑料与污染物作用机制等的研究展望。
Microplastics(MPs)have been widely found in various ecosystems,and may have potential harm to human health and other biological.Wastewater contains a large amount of MPs,which is still considered as one of MPs' main sources in natural water,although their amounts are significantly reduced in WWTPs.Meanwhile,the most part of MPs in wastewater are transferred to sewage sludge during the wastewater treatment processes,which will enter into soil during the sludge land utilization.In addition,changes in surface physicochemical characteristics of MPs occur in the sewage and sludge treatment,thus affecting their interaction with such pollutants as heavy metal,pathogen,etc.,and then enhancing ecological risk of the MPs.In the review,composition,content,source and potential harm of the MPs in natural ecosystem are firstly summarized,and then research progresses about MP occurrence and fate in sewage and sludge from WWTPs are reviewed.Finally,the prospects about strengthening the research on MPs of the WWTPs in China,standardizing the method for MP analysis in sewage and sludge,and understanding the interaction mechanism of MPs and pollutants are put forward.The review is in favor to further investigation about the MPs in sewage and sludge.
Microplastics(MPs)have been widely found in various ecosystems,and may have potential harm to human health and other biological.Wastewater contains a large amount of MPs,which is still considered as one of MPs' main sources in natural water,although their amounts are significantly reduced in WWTPs.Meanwhile,the most part of MPs in wastewater are transferred to sewage sludge during the wastewater treatment processes,which will enter into soil during the sludge land utilization.In addition,changes in surface physicochemical characteristics of MPs occur in the sewage and sludge treatment,thus affecting their interaction with such pollutants as heavy metal,pathogen,etc.,and then enhancing ecological risk of the MPs.In the review,composition,content,source and potential harm of the MPs in natural ecosystem are firstly summarized,and then research progresses about MP occurrence and fate in sewage and sludge from WWTPs are reviewed.Finally,the prospects about strengthening the research on MPs of the WWTPs in China,standardizing the method for MP analysis in sewage and sludge,and understanding the interaction mechanism of MPs and pollutants are put forward.The review is in favor to further investigation about the MPs in sewage and sludge.
引文
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