基于原子特征光谱法和辐射法的城市垃圾焚烧炉火焰温度测量
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摘要
针对垃圾焚烧炉火焰温度的测量问题,利用便携式光纤光谱仪对某台35 t/h的垃圾焚烧炉的火焰光谱进行了采集。分析结果表明:Gauss函数、Lorenz函数以及两者的组合函数中,两者的组合函数在提取特征谱线上最为准确,Lorenz函数在提取效果上最差;由于原子特征光谱法在测温理论上的不成熟,导致该方法在应用上具有很大的局限性;利用非线性最小二乘法对基于多项式拟合分离出的光谱基线、移除特征谱线后的光谱曲线以及未经处理的原始光谱曲线进行拟合来计算火焰温度,其中对直接移除特征谱线的火焰光谱进行寻优的结果比其他两种要准确;通过对7个样例光谱的分析发现,垃圾火焰在650～900nm波长范围内满足灰体特性。
In view of the measurement of flame temperature of municipal solid waste(MSW) incinerator, a portable fiber spectrometer was employed to collect flame spectra of a 35 t/h MSW incinerator. Firstly, the accuracy of the Gauss function, the Lorenz function and the combination of the two functions in extracting the characteristic lines was discussed, which shows that the combination function is the most accurate and the Lorenz function is the worst. Then, the application of atomic spectroscopy in temperature measurement was discussed,which shows that the method has great limitations due to the immature temperature theory. By using the method of nonlinear least squares method, the spectral baseline separated by a method based on polynomial fitting, the spectral curve after removal of the characteristic spectral line and the original spectral curve without processing were optimized to calculate the flame temperature, and it shows that the optimizing result of the flame spectrum of which the characteristic spectrum was directly removed is the most accurate. The analysis of seven samples spectra shows that the waste flame meets the gray body characteristics' requirements in the wavelength range of 650～900 nm.
In view of the measurement of flame temperature of municipal solid waste(MSW) incinerator, a portable fiber spectrometer was employed to collect flame spectra of a 35 t/h MSW incinerator. Firstly, the accuracy of the Gauss function, the Lorenz function and the combination of the two functions in extracting the characteristic lines was discussed, which shows that the combination function is the most accurate and the Lorenz function is the worst. Then, the application of atomic spectroscopy in temperature measurement was discussed,which shows that the method has great limitations due to the immature temperature theory. By using the method of nonlinear least squares method, the spectral baseline separated by a method based on polynomial fitting, the spectral curve after removal of the characteristic spectral line and the original spectral curve without processing were optimized to calculate the flame temperature, and it shows that the optimizing result of the flame spectrum of which the characteristic spectrum was directly removed is the most accurate. The analysis of seven samples spectra shows that the waste flame meets the gray body characteristics' requirements in the wavelength range of 650～900 nm.
引文
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[2]李季,杨学民,林伟刚.城市生活垃圾焚烧体系化学热力学平衡分析[J].燃料化学学报,2003,31(6):584-588.LI Ji,YNAG Xuemin,LIN Weigang.Thermodynamics equilibrium analysis of municipal solid wastes incineration system[J].Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology,2003,31(6):584-588.
[3]DRAPER T S,ZELTNER D,TREE D R,et al.Twodimensional flame temperature and emissivity measurements of pulverized oxy-coal flames[J].Applied Energy,2012,95(2):38-44.
[4]OLESCHKO H,SCHIMROSCZYK A,LIPPERT H,et al.Influence of coal composition on the release of Na-,K-,Cl-,and S-species during the combustion of brown coal[J].Fuel,2007,86(15):2275-2282.
[5]ZHOU H C,LOU C,CHENG Q,et al.Experimental investigations on visualization of three-dimensional temperature distributions in a large-scale pulverized-coalfired boiler furnace[J].Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2005,30(1):1699-1706.
[6]YAN W J,ZHOU H C,JIANG Z W,et al.Experiments on measurement of temperature and emissivity of municipal solid waste(MSW)combustion by spectral analysis and image processing in visible spectrum[J].Energy&Fuels,2013,27(11):6754-6762.
[7]王勇青,陈延如,赵琦,等.基于辐射法和原子发射光谱法的转炉口火焰温度测量[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2017,37(4):1243-1249.WANG Yongqing,CHEN Yanru,ZHAO Qi,et al.On-line measurement of converter combustion flame with radiation thermometry and AES[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2017,37(4):1243-1249.
[8]陈晓斌,蔡小舒,范学良,等.原子发射双谱线法测火焰温度的实验研究[J].光谱学与光谱分析,2009,29(12):3177-3180.CHEN Xiaobin,CAI Xiaoshu,FAN Xueliang,et al.Experimental study on flame temperature measure-ment by double line of atomic emission spectro-scopy[J].Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis,2009,29(12):3177-3180.
[9]SBARBARO D,ARIAS L,TORRES S.Removing baseline flame’s spectrum by using advanced recovering spectrum techniques[J].Applied Optics,2012,51(25):6111-6.
[10]YAN W J,YA Y Q,DU F,et al.Spectrometer-based line-of-sight temperature measurements during alkali-pulverized coal combustion in a power station boiler[J].Energies,2017,10(9):1375.
[11]李岩峰,郝晓剑.原子发射光谱双谱线测温技术[J].电子质量,2013(7):78-81.LI Yanfeng,HAO Xiaojian.The temperature measuring technology of double line of atomic emission spectroscopy[J].Electronics Quality,2013(7):78-81.
[12]程智海,蔡小舒,岳俊,等.火焰特征辐射谱线测温方法实验研究[J].工程热物理学报,2007,28(增刊2):221-224.CHENG Zhihai,CAI Xiaoshu,YUE Jun,et al.The experiment study of flame temperature measurement by the characteristic emission spectrum[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2007,28(Suppl.2):221-224.
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