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黔东南从江翁浪金矿矿石物质组分初步研究
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摘要
翁浪金矿位于贵州东南部的从江县境内。矿区大地构造位于右江造山带北东侧之扬子陆块、江南造山带毗邻区。矿区内主要出露元古界下江群甲路组、乌叶组和番召组,翁浪金矿床赋存于元古界下江群甲路组中上部地层中。控矿的主要构造是发育于甲路组第一、二段接触部位的区域性滑脱构造面(即翁浪地虎滑脱构造带)和走向北西西的党扭断层,金矿整体受形成于其间的蚀变岩带控制。
     本次工作是在前人工作的基础上,以从江翁浪金矿床为主要研究对象,分别从矿石化学成分、矿物成分、矿石结构构造等方面进行了较为详细的研究。首次在该区发现了辉铜矿及重晶石两种矿物。初步查明金属矿物主要有自然金、黄铁矿、黄铜矿、磁铁矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿等,氧化带见赤铁矿和褐铁矿等;非金属矿物有石英、绿泥石、绢云母、黑云母等。并对以上矿物的显微特征及成分运用宏观和微观相结合的手段,对其进行了较为细致的研究。对翁浪金矿床矿物的结构、构造作了初步的研究,认为该矿区矿物构造种类较多,主要为浸染状、粒状、片状、不规则状,其次为矿物中充填的微细磁铁矿脉——脉状构造。共发现自形、半自形、他形、充填、交代、包含、皮壳状结构共8种矿物结构形态。
     本次研究还对区域上辉绿岩和矿石中稀土元素进行对比,发现翁浪金矿矿石中稀土模式与辉绿岩基本相似。由此推测成矿流体可能来源于深部。综合稀土元素的示踪效应以及邻区氢氧同位素的研究,可以认为翁浪矿区成矿流体来源主要为岩浆水,有少量大气降水的混入。
The Wenglang gold deposit lies in Congjiang country of Southeastern Guizhou, and its geotectonic position is along the adjacent area between Jiangnan Orogen and Yangtze landmass located in Northeastern Youjiang Orogen. The main strata exposed in the mine district are Jialu Formation, Wuye Formation and Fanzhao Formation of Xiajiang Group of Proterozoic. The gold ore body is mainly hosted in the mid-upper strata of Jialu Formation, which is primarily controlled by regional detachment structure plane growing in the contact zones between the first and second segments of Jialu Formation(that is, Wenglang-Dihu detachment structure plane belt) and NWW-trending Dang torsion fault. Moreover, the whole ore body is dominated by the in-between alteration zone.
     On the basis of predecessors' work, the authors choose the Wenglang gold deposit as the main study area, detailedly discussing ore chemical composition, mineralogy, rock structure and texture, etc.; for the first time discovering chalcocite and baritite; initially finding out that the chief metallic materials are natural gold, pyrite, chalcopyrite, magnetite, galenite, sphalerite, hematite and limonite distributing in oxidized zone, the chief nonmetallic minerals are quartz, chlorite, sericite, biotite. In addition, applying the combined macro- and micro-means, the microscopic feature and composition of the above-mentioned minerals are studied in detail. Through preliminary investigation of mineral structure and texture, the authors think that there are many kinds of mineral structure, primarily disseminated, grainy, splinter-shaped, irregular, secondly subtle magnetite vein that infilled the minerals—vein structure; also discover totally eight types of mineral structure, that is, idiomorph, subhedral, xenonorphism, infill, metasomasis, poikilitic, crustose.
     Moreover, REE of the regional dolerite and the ore are compared, and the result is that REE patterns of the both are essentially similar, which indicates that the ore-forming fluids are possibly from the deep. Corresponding with REE tracer effects and hydrogen and oxygen isotope studies of adjacent areas, it's supposed that the main source of the ore-forming fluids of the Wenglang gold deposit is magma water, mixed with a small amount of meteoric water.
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